Sheets of ferromagnetic material with specially-

painted light surfaces on which material can be written or drawn using

suitable markers or pens.

Magnetic Boards

Uses:Both types of boards enable display items made

of (or backed with) magnetic material to be stuck to and moved about on their surfaces;

Both enable this movable display to be supplemented by writing or drawing on the board;

Magnetic boards can be used to produce highly sophisticated displays that enable movement and change in systems to be clearly demonstrated to a class or small group.

Samples of Magnetic Boards

NON-PROJECTED PICTURES or

PICTURE DISPLAY

Are those which require no projection material or any electric power.

Are mostly composed of study prints, charts, posters, maps, flash cards, photographs, textbook illustrations, and illustrations found in magazines and newspapers.

They are all much the same except that study prints are mounted and curriculum oriented.

USES:Educators, scholars and students may use

or display non-projected images in connection with lectures or presentations in their fields.

Motivate the studentsPresents matter symbolicallyPresents abstract in visual formCreates problem and stimulates thinking

RELEVANCE The direct relevance of an image to what is being read or heard is vital. Because sight is the most receptive sense for most people, an obscure or irrelevant image will distract from other messages being given. Further, to be useful and add to the learning context, an image used in teaching must relate to both the substance of the lecture and the needs of the students.

The most valuable image will complement what is being said. For example, an image may be used to:

Explain a technical term (or simply to spell it),

Trigger the description of an example or short anecdote so that the lecturer may elaborate on a new idea.

Obtain a response from the students (multiple- choice questions may be used, or a problem posed by a projected image), or

Link one argument with a text.

ClarityVisual clarity assists

interpretation. It is essential to the image and the message it represents. There are a number of ways to promote visual clarity:

• Carefully select the image with its background

Consider the shape, size and spacing of letters.

Omit distracting detail and include selective emphasis. Attention to these elements of clarity will make visual information more accessible.

Simplicity of lay-out: It refers to the arrangement of the elements of the image.

Efficient use of colors: (i) Use bold illustrations, (ii) Avoid fancy lettering style, (iii) proper use of color

Neatness: The graph should be neat, clean and artistic. It should be of good quality.

Accuracy: the scales and the measurements of the graph should be accurate and intelligible to the students.

Drawing and paper: the image should be properly drawn. The paper should be good. The pencil that is used should be good.

Hints: The hints should be properly explained. The marks on the image should be such that the students may know them by themselves.

Advantages of non-projected picturesDo not need a power source and apparatus to

make them seen either on the wall or screen.They can be viewed straight as they areThey are flexibleThey have visual appeal and are easy to moveThey can be carefully stored and preserved for

use in the futureThey display specific information

Advantages of non-projected picturesThey can be used at all levels of learningPictures can also maintain high level of

interest in the lessonNumerousReadily accessible to the teacherThey have an educational valueEasy to carry

Disadvantage of non projected pictures

It may become outdatedThey cannot present motion materials

effectively as a result, their ability to engage all of our senses for a total learning experience is quite limited.

Copies may wear out when overused. Picture quality may diminish overtime.

They are difficult to revise and update if produces in a hard bound format

Easy to damageNot interactive

Disadvantage of non-projected pictures:Not visible to all students in the classMisinterpretation Takes up the time of the teacher if she has to

prepare the materialsImages lose their charm, if it contains too much

matter on itPoor use of color combination, improper spacing and

margins creates confusion in the minds of the students

If used for a prolonged period it becomes boring for the students

If the picture is not drawn neatly, it looses its purpose

What are the impact to the

learner or learning process?

Students learn in a variety of different ways, some students need visual aids, some need to creatively stimulated, others need to be constantly entertained in order to keep them from falling asleep or disrupting the class

Visuals or just one way out of many to meet the needs of all students.

Design developmentally appropriate learning opportunities that apply technology-enhanced instructional strategies to support the diverse needs of learners.

Reasoning can be developed through the use of images.

Skills of analysis and synthesis can be taught and developed using images.

Cause-and-effect relationship can be seen more clearly when the information is presented visually.

Identification of sequence in process or procedures and the recognition of errors can be taught with the assistance of well-drawn images.

Students can be asked to make judgements based on a series of given criteria when part of the information is presented visually.

How to prepare the materials?Decide the theme.Decide the most suitable words to provide a title or

slogan.Sketch some layouts and decide on the best.Gather all needed material to prepare the picture.Prepare the lettering.Add desired objects.Give the finishing touches and erase the smudge

marks.

THANK YOU!