MAGLEV LEVITATION TRAIN

Presented by: Mandip Kumar Rana Regd No.123456789 7th Semester

NALANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (NIT)

Guided by: Mr.Manas Kumar Samantaray (Deptt. of Mechanical.Engg.)

Contains Introduction Magnetic LevitationBasic Principle of Maglev TrainsTypes of Maglev Trains Details About EMS in MAGLEV. Pros and Cons of EMS. Details About EDS in MAGLEV.Pros and Cons of EDS.Advantage and Disadv Maglev Levitation Train.ConclusionA Video Clip of “How The Maglev Train works”References

INTRODUCTION

MAGLEV=MAGNETIC + LEVITATION.

Any thing which may levitate(raise or float) by means of a magnetic power is simply called as magnetic levitation.

The term ‘MAGLEV’ can be briefly explained by using an example of ‘MAGLEV LEVITATION TRAINS’.

Magnetic Levitation

Magnetic levitation is the use of magnetic fields to levitate a metallic object.

Manipulating magnetic fields and controlling their forces can levitate an object.

Using either Ferromagnetism or Diamagnetism object can be levitated.

Basic Principle of Maglev Trains

Maglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high speeds 1.Levitation 2.Propulsion 3.Lateral Guidance

Types of Maglev Trains

Based on the technique used for Levitation there are basically two types of Maglev trains:-

1. Electromagnetic Suspension -Attractive

2. Electrodynamics Suspension -Repulsive

EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension)In electromagnetic suspension electromagnets are use to levitate the train.

Principle of Magnetic Levitation in EMS In the EMS-attractive system,

The electromagnets which do the work of levitation are attached on the top side of a casing .when a current is passed through it, the electromagnet switched on, and there is attraction between electromagnets and due to attraction train levitates.

Principle of Propulsion in EMS

A Linear Electric Motor (LEM) is a mechanism, which converts electrical energy directly into linear motion without employing any major rotary components.

Linear Induction Motor (LIM) is basically produces linear force from a flat one, Instead of producing rotary torque from a cylindrical machine.

In LIM Speeds vary from zero to many meters per second and are determined by design and supply frequency.

Principle of Lateral Guidance in EMS

This configuration ensures that whenever a levitation force is exerted, a lateral guidance force occurs as well.

If the electromagnet starts to shift laterally from the center of the rail, the lateral guidance force is exerted in proportion to the extent of the shift, bringing the electromagnet back into alignment.

The levitation magnets and rail are both U shaped(with rail being an inverted U).

The mouths of U face one another.

Pros and Cons of EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension)

TECHNOLOGY PROS CONSEMS(Electromagnetic suspension)

-Low magnetic fields inside and outside the vehicle

-Commercially available

-No secondary propulsion system needed

-The system needs to be monitored by outside system to maintain the distance between the Track and the train

-Vibraitions may occur due to instability and outside monitoring.

EDS (Electrodynamic Suspension) Electrodynamic Suspension uses Superconductors for levitation, propulsion and lateral guidance

Principle of Magnetic Levitation in EDS •The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. This pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 1 to 7 inches above the track. •The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with retractable wheels.

Principle of Propulsion in EDS •The propulsion coils located on the sidewalls

on both sides of the guide way are energized by a three-phase alternating current from a substation, creating a shifting magnetic field on the guide way. •The on-board superconducting magnets are attracted and pushed by the shifting field, propelling the Maglev vehicle.•Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive forces.

Principle of Lateral Guidance in EDS

•When one side of the train nears the side of the guide way, the super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive force from the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an attractive force from the coils on the farther side. •This keeps the train in the center.

Pros and Cons of EDS (Electrodynamic Suspension)

TECHNOLOGY PROS CONS

EDS(Electrodynamic suspension)

highest speed (581 km/h)

Heavy load capacity

Necessary use of magneting shielding due to the strong magnetic Fields.

The vehicle must be wheeled to travel at low speed.

the cryogenic system uses to cool the coils can be expensive.

ADVANTAGES OF MAGLEV LEVITATION SYSTEM

Travel Speeds

At 300 kmph cheaper than flying!!!!Maglev

BETTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENTLess energy consumption because no rail-track friction

Requires no fossil fuel

Maglev guide ways & trains take up less space than conventional trains

Less noise pollution

Expensive guide way.

Existence of conventional high speed train.

Health concerns due to electromagnetic fields.

Lack of investment

OBSTACLE

CONCLUSION

The Maglev Train: Research on this ‘dream train' has been going on for the last 30 odd years in various parts of the world. The chief advantages of this type of train are: Non-contact and non-wearing propulsion, independent of friction, no mechanical components like wheel, axle. Maintenance costs decreaseThe Maglev offers a cheap, efficient alternative to the current rail system. A country like India could benefit very much if this were implemented here. Further possible applications need to be explored Maglev trains use magnets to levitate and propel the trains forward. It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

How The Maglev Trains Work?

REFERENCES

1. Mamoru Taniguchi, “High Speed Rail in Japan: A Review and Evaluation of Magnetic Levitation Train,” working paper, April 2010.

2. Brandon Gilmore, Jeff Deely, “Magnetic Levitation Transportation by the use of Electromagnets in Maglev Trains,” A11, paper- 3068, April 2013.

3. http://www.railserve.com/maglev.html

4. http://www.tech-faq.com/how-does-a-maglev-train-works.html