LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS FUEL TANK

MAE 435 – Final Presentation

Advisor: Dr. Zhang

Liebherr representative: James Whitfield

-Albert Ochagavia

-Pithan Rojanavongse

-Josh Harris

-John Alexander

LNG Background

What is LNG?Liquefied Natural Gas-162° C1/600 volume of Natural Gas

Why use it?CostAvailabilityEfficiencyEnvironment

Project Statement

To design and analyze a Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) fuel tank for Liebherr’s current T 264 mining truck that conforms to all Pressure Vessel and LNG regulations and fits in the space available on the mining vehicle.

Project Goals

Design LNG Tank to fit Liebherr’s current T 264 Mining Truck

Maximize Volume for 8-12 hour operational time (35% work load)

Strictly follow pressure vessel and LNG standard regulations

Perform a Finite Elemental Analysis of the tank using SolidWorks

Tank Design Parameters

Space Available

AssumptionsLoad factor of 35%LNG engine efficiency equivalent to DieselASTM Boiler and Pressure Vessel CodeSame tank design will be used for both tanks

Inner Tank

A240 Type 304 Stainless Steel Total volume: 1800 L Thickness: 1.75 inches 2 parts (Shielded Metal Arc Welding Method)

Ullage TankVolume: 180 LIncreases hold timePump less fuel methodFull tank gauge

RivetsDiameter: 2.5 inchesLength: 3 inchesVertical and

horizontal support

Insulation Layer

Multi Layer Insulator (MLI) 1 inch thickness Low thermal conductivity

K= 0.0001 W/m-k High thermal resistance

R=1440 m^2K/W

Outer Shell

A240 Type 304 Stainless Steel Made of 2 parts

Shielded Metal Arc Welding Method Allows vacuum Placement for rivets at the bottom

Manifold

LNG fuel tank

Gauges

Three Companies: Omega, Ashcroft, and WIKA Two Gauges:

Fuel Standard Size: ~ 2”

Pressure Maximum tank pressure: 420 psi Average Size: 1 – 2 ½”

Properties: High pressure High shock resistant Cryogenic temperatures (304 SS)

Fueling Methods Standard Diameter: 1 ½ “

Time efficient

Prevention of temperature and pressure changes

Function at cryogenic temperatures and atmospheric pressure

50 Gallons Per Minute

Material: Stainless Steel

The majority of companies are developing similar fueling methods

Quick disconnect and fueling

Parker, CryoMac, Carter, etc.

50 gallons per minute

Stainless steel

Three Major Components Vent

Removing warmer gas Sub-cooling LNG residual Decrease in pressure LNG facilities may have a vent connection

Liquid For defueling tank (emergency situations)

Relief Valves Reduces pressure Safety feature

Rules & Regulations NFPA 57 – Liquefied Natural Gas Vehicular

Fuel Systems Code Design, installation, operation, and maintenance of

LNG engine fuel systems on vehicles of all types SAE J2343 – Recommended Practice for

LNG Medium and Heavy-Duty Powered Vehicles

Guidance for construction, operation, and maintenance of LNG heavy-duty vehicles for public transit and commercial applications

Safety Features

Ullage Tank Pressure Relief Valves

350 psi400 psi

Emergency Shutoff Valves Defueling connection

Finite Element Analysis

Weight Analysis (4000 lbs)Yielding stress 207 MPa (304 SS)Max stress from FEA 22 MPa

Finite Elemant Analysis

Pressure (420 psi)Yielding stress 207 MPa (304 SS)Max stress from FEA 190 MPa

Goals (2)

Design a single LNG Tank to fit Liebherr’s current T 264 Mining Truck

Designed a tank that fits and has an approximate volume of 1800 L Maximize Volume for 8-12 hour operational time (35% work load)

Total of 3500 L = 11-12 hour of operation time Strictly follow pressure vessel and LNG standard regulations

NFPA 57 SAE J2343 Perform a Finite Elemental Analysis of the tank using SolidWorks

Max stress < yielding stress for 304 stainless steel (207 Mpa)

QUESTIONS?