MADE Mitigating adverse ecological impacts of open ocean fisheries
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Transcript of MADE Mitigating adverse ecological impacts of open ocean fisheries
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
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MADEMitigating adverse
ecological impacts of open ocean fisheries
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Primary objective:to propose measures to mitigate adverse impacts of fisheries targeting large pelagic fish in the open ocean through appropriate knowledge on the biology and ecology of
species, and of the fisheries
Pelagic longliners(tuna & swordfish)
Tuna purse seiners using Fish Aggregating Devices
(FADs)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Specific objectives of MADE
To propose methods:• To reduce by-catch of sharks and juvenile swordfish
by pelagic longliners• To reduce by-catch of sharks, turtles and small tuna
by tuna purse seiners• To assess the effects of FADs on fish ecology
(ecological trap)
Silky shark
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
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AtlanticOcean
Mediterranean Sea
IndianOcean
Geography of MADE
Longliners
Purse seiners
PIRACY
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Longliners
• Development of an Ecological Based Artificial Bait ongoing
• 60 experimental longline sets (strategies to reduce catches of sharks) in La Réunion
• Observers data (DRC)• Economic data (for study on economic efficiency)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Ecological FADs
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Ecological FADs
23 skippers were interviewedDeliverable D6.1 Design of ecological FADs (IOTC-2009-
WPEB-16)
Bamboo, sisal net tied in sausage, palm leaves, etc.
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Next steps onEcological FADs
• Testing those FADs in fishing conditions• With the help of tuna purse seiners, with 2
independent initiatives from France and Spain (with complementary funds)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Releasing sharks from the deck
Sharks (Technical measures)
Estimate survival: tagging (pop-up tags)Help of French fishermen (complementary funding)
Produce a guide of best practices of sharks onboard PS
Atlantic Ocean
Belt to release bycatch
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
SharksImprove knowledge on Behaviour (acoustic and
pop-up tags, juveniles and adults), Biology (diet, stable isotopes), and Genetics
Behaviour: 4 silky sharks (adults) tagged in March 09 (Seychelles): 7 days and 3 months at liberty, 1 dead, 1 non reporting (Workshop in Seychelles)
Biology and Genetics: Data from La Réunion (longliners) and soon from tuna purse seiners (French & Spanish, piracy issue)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Get information on species composition from echosounder
buoysGet information before arriving to the FAD Information on:
• Bycatch (triggerfish, rainobow runner, sharks, etc.)• Small tuna• Promising preliminary data (AZTI project)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Spatio-temporal characteristics of bycatch (PS)• Common database IRD-IEO-AZTI (from DRC
programme) Analyses start• Economic data collected• Fishers Economic Knowledge (paper to be
submitted)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Habitat changes due to release of FADs
(IOTC-2009-WPTT-19)
• No new « floating object » area
• No major change of densities of floating objects South of 7°S
• Major changes of densities of floating objects North of 7°S (x20 or x40 in Somalia area)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Maps of spatial distribution of floating objects(from Observers data)
Would be improved with the help of fishermen:•As observers (objects not fished), see GAP initiative•By providing old data on all tracked FADs (6-12 months delay)
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Tuna tagging in MaldivesAnchored FADs
• 23 SKJ in Jan 2009 Average Residence Time = 3.3 daysNo movement between FADs independence (confirmed by conventional tagging)
• 20 SKJ + 20 YFT (1 archival tag) + 6 Triggerfish + 2 Rainbow runner in Nov 2009
IOTC SC – Dec 09 - Seychelles
Plans for tagging(Piracy issue)
Somalia
Seychelles
Maldives
MozambiqueChannel
+ ISSF Initiative+ SWIOFP