Mad ScienceBy: Annie R.Period 1

The Scientific Method

1. Question problemThe problem is written in the form of a question.

Ex. Does miracle grow work better than other generic fertilizer brands?

2. VariablesMv: Manipulated/Independent Variable- What is being

changed?

Example: MV: miracle grow

Rv: Responding/Dependent Variable- What is being measured?

Example: RV: growth of rose bush

Cv: Control Variables- all other variables must be controlled

Example: CV: same type of rose bush, Same amount of water, sunlight, ect.

Scientific Method cont.

3. HypothesisYour hypothesis is an educated guess.

4. Design Experiment Materials and procedure

5. Observation/Data collection Record what you see in detail

6. Results/Data Analysis Brief description of the average results

7.Conclusion Restate your hypothesis and tell if it was right or wrong. Use

data to prove or disprove your hypothesis. Then say things that could have gone wrong in your experiment.

Periodic Table of Elements

Oxygen Element: Oxygen Atomic #: 8 Atomic Mass: 15.9994 Properties and Characteristics: Oxygen's crystal

structure is cubic. Oxygen’s oxidation states are 2,1,-2,-1. Its electro negativity is 3.44.

Uses: Oxygen usage is made up into 4 major categories: metallurgy, rocketry, chemical. You also use oxygen to breath and to fuel a fire.

Hazards: A hazard of oxygen usage is forcing air into a cancer patients lungs. The hazard is that it lets the blood’s carbon dioxide reach levels that render a person unconscious or stop breathing entirely.

Hydrogen Element: Hydrogen

Atomic #: 1

Atomic mass: 1.00794

Properties and Characteristics: Hydrogen is an order less, colorless, and tasteless gas.

Uses: Hydrogen is used to make : ammonia, methanol, gasoline, heating oil, rocket fuel, fertilizers, glass, refined metals, vitamins, cosmetics, semiconductor circuits, soaps, lubricants, cleaners, and even margarine and peanut butter.

Hazards: Hydrogen is very flammable it must be handled with care. If liquid hydrogen comes in contact with bare skin it will give you a severe freeze burn(freeze burn is similar to frostbite). Hydrogen explodes only when it comes in contact with oxygen.

Carbon Element: Carbon Atomic #: 6 Atomic mass: 12.0107 Properties and characteristics: It melting point is 3500.0

degrees Celsius. It boiling point is 4827.0 degrees Celsius Uses: The amorphous form (coal)is used in power plants, it

is also used in the iron industry to make steel. The diamond form is used as jewels and used as a part of cutting tools. The graphite form is a great conductor and is used in pencils and sports equipment. A new type of carbon buckminsterfullerene is used in lasers.

Hazards: carbon monoxide will kill you quickly if gets into your lungs.

Nitrogen

Element: Nitrogen Atomic #: 7 Atomic Mass: 14.0067 Properties and characteristics: Nitrogen's melting point is -

210 degrees Celsius. Nitrogen’s boiling point is -195.8 degrees Celsius. Nitrogen is colorless, tasteless, odorless and an inert gas.

Use: Nitrogen has many uses like: making light bulbs, explosives, and laughing gas.

Hazards: If liquid Nitrogen touches your skin you will get a “cold burn”. The nitrogen gas in the air will deplete the oxygen levels, making it hard to breathe.

Polystyrene Slime

Polystyrene Slime: Styrofoam and Acetate Chemical Formula: polyvinyl alcohol 40.0 grams mixed with

960 grams of water. Which is a 4% solution. Borax in a 4% solution which is about 4 grams of borax dissolved in 96 grams of water. Finally a Styrofoam egg carton or cup.

Characteristics/ Properties: The slime characteristics are: colorful, high density, slimy to the touch.

Uses: Used in coolers to keep food cool or hot. Used in hospitals to take laundry down to wash in a disposable bag.

The End