MACROMOLECULES Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5) Ch 5 in Campbell p....
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Transcript of MACROMOLECULES Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5) Ch 5 in Campbell p....
![Page 1: MACROMOLECULES Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5) Ch 5 in Campbell p. 38-42 in Holtzclaw.](https://reader037.fdocuments.in/reader037/viewer/2022110100/56649e2e5503460f94b1e139/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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MACROMOLECULESMACROMOLECULES
Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5)
Ch 5 in Campbellp. 38-42 in Holtzclaw
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MacromoleculesMacromoleculesYou must know:The role of dehydration synthesis in the
formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.
How to recognize the four biologically important organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) by their structural formulas.
The cellular functions of all four organic compounds.
The four structural levels that proteins and how changes at any level can affect the activity of the protein.
How proteins reach their final shape (conformation), the denaturing impact that heat and pH scale can have on protein structure, and how these changes may affect the organism.
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Two important biochemical Two important biochemical reactions:reactions:Dehydration SynthesisHydrolysis
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Dehydration SynthesisDehydration Synthesis
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Dehydration SynthesisDehydration SynthesisExample – building a
‘disaccharide’
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HydrolysisHydrolysis
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HydrolysisHydrolysisExample – digesting a
‘disaccharide’
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Reversible!Reversible!
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Try This!Try This!How many molecules of water
are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long?
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Try This!Try This!How many molecules of water
are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long?
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Four Types of Organic Four Types of Organic CompoundsCompoundsCarbohydratesLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins
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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesStructure (monosaccharides:
CnH2nOn)Cellular Function
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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesStructure (disaccharides)Cellular Function
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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesStructure (polysaccharides –
cellulose)Cellular Function (structural
support)
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CarbohydratesCarbohydratesStructure (polysaccharides – starch,
glycogen)Cellular Function (energy
storage)
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LipidsStructureCellular Function
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LipidsLipidsStructure (neutral fat)Cellular Function (energy
storage)
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LipidsLipidsStructure (saturated fatty acids)Cellular Function
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LipidsLipidsStructure (unsaturated fatty
acids)Cellular Function
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LipidsLipidsStructure (phospholipids)Cellular Function (cell
membrane)
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LipidsLipidsStructure (phospholipids)Cellular Function (cell
membranes)
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LipidsLipidsStructure (steroids)Cellular Function (structure,
hormones)
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Nucleic AcidsNucleic AcidsStructureCellular Function
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Nucleic AcidsNucleic AcidsStructureCellular Function
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Nucleic AcidsNucleic AcidsStructureCellular Function
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Nucleic AcidsNucleic AcidsStructureCellular Function
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Central Dogma!Central Dogma!
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Central Dogma!Central Dogma!
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Central Dogma!Central Dogma!
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ProteinsProteinsStructure Cellular Function
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ProteinsProteinsStructure Cellular Function
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ProteinsProteinsStructure Cellular Function
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ProteinsProteinsStructure Cellular Function
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ProteinsProteinsStructure (amino acid)Cellular Function
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ProteinsProteinsStructure (polypeptides)Cellular Function
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Protein – in depthProtein – in depthFour structural levels
◦Primary◦Secondary◦Tertiary◦Quaternary
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Proteins – in depthProteins – in depth
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Proteins – in depthProteins – in depth
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Proteins – in depthProteins – in depth
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Proteins – in depthProteins – in depth
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Proteins – Proteins – in depth“Layers”
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Protein – in depthProtein – in depthDenaturing
(change in shape/conformation)◦Heat◦pH
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Try This! (True or Flase?)Try This! (True or Flase?)1. Primary protein structure is stabilized
by peptide bonds between a linear sequence of amino acids.
2. Secondary protein structure is
stabilized by hydrogen bonds between R groups on adjacent amino acids.
3. Both primary and tertiary protein structure may be stabilized by covalent bonds.
4. All proteins display primary, secondary,
and tertiary levels of protein structure.
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Try This! (True or Flase?)Try This! (True or Flase?)1. Primary protein structure is
stabilized by peptide bonds between a linear sequence of amino acids.
2. Secondary protein structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between R groups on adjacent amino acids.
3. Both primary and tertiary protein structure may be stabilized by covalent bonds.
4. All proteins display primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of protein structure.
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Try This! (Matching)Try This! (Matching)Levels of protein structure Interactions 1. Primary a. Interactions
between R groups 2. Secondary structure b. Hydrogen bonds
between constituents of the
polypeptide backbone3. Tertiary structure c.
Aggregations between polypeptides
4. Quaternary structure d. Peptide bonds
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Try This! (Matching)Try This! (Matching)Levels of protein structure Interactions 1. Primary a. Interactions
between R groups
2. Secondary structure b. Hydrogen bonds
between constituents of the
polypeptide backbone3. Tertiary structure c. Aggregations
between polypeptides
4. Quaternary structure d. Peptide bonds
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Practice!Practice!#1-18, #1-2, #1 p. 42-46Animations online!Self Quiz Questions from Campbell
(more difficult)GET SET UP with “Mastering Biology”
and complete “Macromolecules” assignment by MONDAY EVENING
CHECKPOINT next class ◦Concept 1