Macquarie Fields College of TAFE Version 2 – 13 March 2000 4 - HARDWARE 4.
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Transcript of Macquarie Fields College of TAFE Version 2 – 13 March 2000 4 - HARDWARE 4.
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Version 2 – 13 March 20004 - HARDWARE
4
Computer Systems
• Two Basic Areas:
• Hardware Hardware (already covered)
• SoftwareSoftware
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Controls the processing and movement ofdata within the computer system
Software
• Systems software
– Controls entire computer system
– Provides link between hardware and applications
– Stored in part or full in ROM
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Software
• Operating Systems
– Performs many tasks
– Instructs the CPU on how to start and instructions are stored in ROM
– Configures Hardware
– Management Tools
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Software
• Application Software
• Program/Set of Programs (suite)
– Allows user to perform a wide variety of tasks
– Word Processing
– Spreadsheets
– Database
– Desktop Publishing
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Software
• Utility
• Manages the Resources of the computer
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Two or more computers linked together
Network
• LANLocal Area Network
• WANWide Area Network
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Network Topology (Architecture)
• Bus
• Ring (token)
• Star
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Operating Systems
• DOS – Disk Operating System
• UNIX
• OS/2
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Local Area Networks (LAN)
A local area network is a group of computers that are connected so
that they can exchange messages and files and
share resources like printers.
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Local Area Networks (LAN)
• Number of computers linked together
• Small geographical area
• Privately owned
• Fast transmission speed
• Relatively low cost
• 2-100 Mbps
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Wide Area Networks (WAN)
• Large Geographical Area
• Privately or Public owned
• Many Devices
• Mainframes
• File Servers
• Uses Public Lines
• High Cost
• Slower – 9600-33600 Mbps
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Bus Architecture
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Bus Architecture
• Connects all nodes to a single bus
• A signal addressed to another node is sent from a microcomputer to the bus
• The other node recognises the addressed signal and accepts it
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Advantages and DisadvantagesBus Architecture
• Advantages• Since each node is separately
connected to the network, any node can break down without affecting other nodes
• Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks.
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Ring Architecture
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Ring Architecture
• Arranges the nodes on a network in a circle
• When one of the microcomputers on the network sends a signal, it passes it to the next node on the network
• If it is not addressed to that node, it is transmitted to the next node
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Advantages and DisadvantagesRing Architecture
• Advantages• Offer high bandwidth and can span large
distances. • Disadvantages• If one node breaks down, the entire
network breaks down• Expensive and difficult to install• A ring network requires rewiring when
new equipment is added
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Star Architecture
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Star Architecture
• Nodes are connected to a central, or host, computer
• Signals are transmitted via the host
• There are no direct connections between the nodes on the network except through the host computer
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Advantages and DisadvantagesStar Architecture
• Advantages• Star networks are relatively easy to install
and manage • If a node breaks down, no harm is done.
The others continue to function• Disadvantages• If the host breaks down, so does the
network• Bottlenecks can occur because all data
must pass through the hub.
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE
Mixed Topologies
These topologies can also be mixed. For example, a bus-star network consists of a high-bandwidth bus, called the backbone,
which connects a collections of slower-bandwidth star segments.
Macquarie Fields College of TAFE