M Roettele

Managing Point sources –Experiences from the TOPPS project

www.topps-life.org

Brussels 23rd March 2010

Manfred Roettele

TOPPS Project Manager

BetterDecisions

Train Operators to Prevent Point Sources

Outline

•About TOPPS

• EU context

• Point sources what is it

• Focus on infrastructure

• Remnant management the

forgotten risk

www.topps-life.org

• Point sources what is it

• Key risk areas

•Focus on correct behaviour

•Focus on improved

equipment

• Outlook

TOPPS – PROJECT – Funded by EU- LIFE and ECPA

Objectives:

•Common BMPs

(stewardship+risk mitigation)

• Training / Demonstration

materials

DK

FI SE

CZ

H

PLBE

NLUK

TOPPS

www.topps-life.org

materials

• Dissemination of BMPs

• Proposal for a sustainable

strategy to avoid point

sources

www. TOPPS-life.org

PT

ES

IT

FR

SK

CZPLFR

BEDE

TOPPS

15 countries / 18 cooperators

TOPPS started Nov 2005 and ended Oct 2008

Agriculture is considered a major pollutor of water

Nitrogen

www.topps-life.org

DG - Environment

Phoshate Pesticide, (PPP)

Nitrates directive – in

Nitrate Vulnerable Zones

CAP Cross

compliance

Water Framework

Directive–

Measures operational by

Legal initiatives and agriculture support policies are connected

?

www.topps-life.org

GAEC to be

introduced by 2012.

Pesticides Framework

Directive

Objectives to be set up in

National Action Plans.

Measures operational by

October 2012

Good status 2015

?

Point sources

Main entry routes of Plant Protection Products (PPP) into

surface water are : point and diffuse sources

www.topps-life.org

Drift

Point sources

Run-off

Drainage

MethodMethod ofof pointpoint sourcessources measurementmeasurement -- UniUnivv GiessenGiessen))

Few studies distinguish

between point and

diffuse sources (D, B,

UK)

Catchment area

POINT SOURCES were not sufficiently in the focus

www.topps-life.org

Village with

farms

Sewage plant Measurement 2

Diffuse sourceMeasurement 1

Point source

Presented by Prof. Frede Univ.Giessen at TOPPS Forum Germany Oct 2006 (changed)

33

5 Catchment areas in Hessen/Germany

25 5 2335fromdiffusesources

Point sources are the main route of suface water contamination

SIGNIFICANCE OF POINT SOURCES

www.topps-life.org

67

area 1900 km² 50 km²7 km²25km² 20km²

75 95 7765

sources

from Point sources

Presented by Prof. Frede Univ. Giessen at TOPPS Forum Germany Oct 2006 (changed)

POINT SOURCES CONTRIBUTE > 50 %

-82% -70% -61% -69% -80%

Wölfersheim(Wetterau)

4 Ortschaften/Kläranlagen in HessenA B C D

Reduced PPP in surface water after intensive training and transfer of sprayercleaning to the field .- Study: Univ. Giessen Hessen /Germany

Rel. reduction of PPP pollution in 5 catchments sewage plants

SIGNIFICANCE OF POINT SOURCES

www.topps-life.org

-82% -70% -61% -69% -80%

Presented by Prof. Frede Univ. Giessen at TOPPS Forum Germany Oct 2006 (changed)

The cleaning process of the sprayer transfered to the field is able

to reduce the point source pollution by about 70%

Key risk area filling

www.topps-life.org10

Bad empty container management


Sprayer cleaning close to surface water


Bad residual volumes / remnants management


Key risk areas

• Cleaning

• Remnant Management

• Filling

Managing Point sources

Correct

Behaviour

Improved Improved

www.topps-life.org

Improved

Equipment

Improved

Infrastructure

StorageTransport

Before sprayingDuring spraying

After sprayingRemnant management

CORRECT

BEHAVIOUR

Best Management Practices

(BMPs)

•what to do and how to do

things (practical)

• defined along the work

processes (complete)

• European core , local

adaption (credible)

www.topps-life.org

adaption (credible)

• BMPs on water protection were not in all countries available,

often to general

• mismatch between rules / regulations and the translation

what it means in practise

(who knows what 0,1 µ/l means in practise ???)

Correct

Behaviour

BMPs

development

BMPs

transfer

BMPs

implementation

... Key is to change behaviour

Key dimensions support

behaviour change

TOPPS - KEY MESSAGES

www.topps-life.org

transfer implementation

•Develop training modules for Advisers and utilize all advice capacities

(Certified, documented, private + public advisors: Example BASIS?)

•Create a market for agro - environmental advice

•Offer operator training modules on water protection (voluntary/mandatory)

(Certified, documented, apply audit tools. Example: Aquasite Arvalis?)

•Define water protection targets, control processes and measure progress

TOPPS - KEY MESSAGES

Improved

Equipment

Equipment and infrastructure are key enablers to

mitigate point source risks

www.topps-life.org

Improved

InfrastructureBig improvements were made in

application techniques

• Environmental aspects „regulated“ by EN / ISO Standards

• Environmentally optimized sprayers need to compete in the

market with lower level sprayers (tough sales today !)

...... the TURBO is in but the CATALYST is often missing Picture Harald Kramer LWK_NRW

Current standards for Fieldsprayers

Reduce Residual volumes

Best sprayers today have 50% less residual volume compared

with the requirements of the standard

How can we help environmentally optimized sprayers to

compete better ? Who knows ? Who talks about it?

www.topps-life.org

Tank volume 0, 5 % length m 2l / m Total litres

800 4 15 30 34

3000 15 21 42 57

4200 21 36 72 93

Boom Tank

Total residual volume in l (EN 12761-2) If the cleaning is

not done properly

some of these

residual volumes

may end up in the

water

Arable Farmers clean their sprayers 7 to 10 times / season*

*TOPPS farmer surveys

Improved rinsing – altenative Procedure

TOPPS explored continuous rinsing (TOPPS-clean alternativ method)

...needs additional pump, but

more convenient, faster, less

water

Cost to upgrade sprayers 600 to

Continuous rinsing offers more convenience, faster, less water

www.topps-life.org

Cost to upgrade sprayers 600 to

1500.- €

Amount of water Time needed Dilution rate

achieved

Triple rinsing 3 x 30 (90 l) 30 minutes 0,2 %

Continuous rinsing 40 l 4 minutes 0,3 %

Continuous rinsing compared to triple rinsing procedure under practical conditions (Fieldsprayer: 12 m boom, Airmix 03 nozzles (output 20 l/min), spray pressure 1,5 bar. Dilution % was measured photo-metric by using fluorescent tracer *

*H. Kramer, LWK-NRW 2009

Risk area outside cleaning


Outside cleaning is a challenge especially for air assisted sprayers

Research in BE and IT show significance of outside

cleaning of orchard sprayers

At application of 25 kg ai / year about 82,5 to 207 g ai / ha

deposits were measured on the sprayer

www.topps-life.org

deposits were measured on the sprayer

(Assumption: 20 ha means about 1650 bis 4140 gai – Debear

2006)

Recommendation: Outside cleaning in the field,

while deposits are still wet

Improved

Equipment

> 85% of farmers fill and wash their sprayers on farm

Precautionary

measures

necessary if

filling , cleaning

done on

hardsurfaces

Example: Infrastructure

www.topps-life.org

Improved

Infrastructure

hardsurfaces

Biopurification

systems Biobed,

Biofilter

to treat diluted

contaminated

washing waters

What to do with the PPP contaminated liquid which still stay

in the sprayer or washing water (Remnant management)

EU context

Country Officially recommended procedure

FRA If residual volume is diluted to 1%, residual volume can remain in

the field (only very little will return to farm)

DK If residual volume is diluted to 2% residual volume can remain in

www.topps-life.org

DK If residual volume is diluted to 2% residual volume can remain in

the field

BE*, UK,

FR, SE

Biobed, Biofilter (Bioremediation) approved methods

(*Wallonia)

DK, DE* Collection in Slurry and spreading with slurry in field

(*NRW)

NL ?

Operators left alone in many countries with remnants management

ECPA – Water protection projects landscape

Mitigation of

Point sources

Mitigation

Bridge15 EU countries

Outlook

www.topps-life.org

Mitigation

Diffuse sourcesAIM

PROWADIS -Life ?

Oct 2005 Nov 2008 Sept 2010 Oct 2013

Efficient multistakeholder risk mitigation is the target

22 EU countries

Mitigation of PPP water contamination needs to be

managed as a multistakeholder challenge

Farmer /

Operator

Improved

Equipment

Improved

InfrastructureResearch

www.topps-life.org

PPP

Best Management

Practice – Advice

comprehensive

Regulations

consistentStandards

enforced

Monitoring /

Inspection

Society (regional,

national , EU

Politics

Legislation

Public opinion

Media

Research

practical

Support

IMPLEMENTATION REMAINS THE CHALLENGE !

Thanks for your attention

Acknowledgement for support to

Life, ECPA, the TOPPS partners

www.topps-life.org

Right focus, strategy and support will help to develop a

consistent approach to protect water

STAY ON TOPPS – www.TOPPS-life.org

and many supportive stakeholders

M Roettele

Technology

Transcript of M Roettele