M K ALAM. Abdomen extends from the nipple level to the bottom of the pelvis Exposure: nipples to...
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Transcript of M K ALAM. Abdomen extends from the nipple level to the bottom of the pelvis Exposure: nipples to...
![Page 1: M K ALAM. Abdomen extends from the nipple level to the bottom of the pelvis Exposure: nipples to knees (ideal) Patient lying flat on a pillow](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032722/56649f435503460f94c63a51/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
M K ALAM
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Abdomen extends from the nipple level to the bottom of the pelvis
Exposure: nipples to knees (ideal) Patient lying flat on a pillow Arms by the side ( not under the
head!) Sit or kneel beside the patient Adequate light
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Asymmetry (from the foot end of the bed)
Movement with breathing Scar, sinus, wound Prominent veins Shape of the umbilicus Cough impulse ( groin, umbilicus, scar)
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Gentle palpation: for tenderness start away from the area of pain
Deep palpation: for tenderness
Guarding: muscle contracted overlying the tender area
Rebound tenderness: sudden release causes sharp pain
Organomegaly: liver , spleen, kidneys
Other masses
Cough impulse
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Percussion Organs and masses Liver span Ascites: fluid thrill, shifting dullness
Auscultation Bowel sounds: normal, increased, absent
Bruit Succussion splash
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External genitalia
Rectal examination: left lateral position, hip flexed to 90º and knee flexed to less than 90°
•Inspection•Palpation
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• CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS
• INVESTIGATIONS
• FINAL DIAGNOSIS
• TREATMENT