Standard Specification for

Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement

AASHTO Designation: M 226-80 (2004)

1. SCOPE

1.1. This specification covers asphalt binders graded by viscosity at 60°C (140°F) for use in pavement construction. Three sets of limits are offered in this specification. The purchaser shall specify the applicable table of limits. In the event the purchaser does not specify limits, Table 1 shall apply. For asphalt binders graded by penetration at 25°C (77"F), see AASHTO M 20 for Asphalt Binder.

1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

2. MANUFACTURE

2.1. The asphalt binder shall be prepared for crude petroleum by suitable methods.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1. The asphalt binder shall be homogeneous, free from water, and shall not foam when heated to 175°C (347°F).

3.2. The asphalt binders shall conform to the requirements given in Tables 1,2, or 3, as specified by the purchaser.

TS-2b 1bl 226-1 AASHTO

Table 1-Requirements for Asphalt Binder Graded by Viscosity at 60°C (140°F) (Grading Based on Original ~ s ~ h a l t )

Viscositv Grade

Test AC-2.5 AC-5 AC- I0 AC-20 AC-40

Viscosity, 60°C (14OoF), Pa,s (Poises) Viscosity, 135°C (27S°F), mm2/s-minimum Penetration, 25°C (77'F), 100 g, 5 s-minimum Flash point, COC, "C ("F)-minimum Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent-minimum Tests on residue from thin-film oven test:

Viscosity, 60°C (140°F), Pa.s (Poises), maximum Ductility, 25'C (77°F). 5 cdmin, cm-minimum

Spot test (when and as specified)b with: Standard naphtha solvent Naphtha-xylene solvent, percent xylene Heotane-xvlene solvent. oercent xylene

Negative for all grades Negative for all grades Negative for all grades

" If ductility is less than 100 cm, material will be accepted if ductility at 15.6"C (60°F) is 100 cm minimum,

he use of the spot test is optional. When it is specitied, the engineer shall indicate whether the standard naphtha solvent, the naphtha-xylene solvent, or the heptane-xylene solvent will be used in determining compliance with the requirement, and also, in the case of xylene solvents, the percentage of xylene to be used.

Table 2-Requirements for Asphalt Binder Graded by Viscosity at 60°C (140°F) (Grading Based on Original Asphalt) , -

Viscosity Grade

Test AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40

Viscositv. 60°C (140°F). Pa,s (Poises) 25*5 5 0 i 10 loo* 20 200 * 40 300 i 60 400 * 80 , . ~ ,. ~ ,

(250 * 50) (500 * 100) (1000 i 200) (2000 * 400) (3000 * 600) (4000 * 800) Viscosity, 135°C (27S°F), mm2/s-minimum 125 175 250 300 350 400 Penetration, 25'C (77'F), 100 g, 5 s-minimum 220 140 80 60 50 40 Flash point, COC, "C ("F)-minimum 163 (325) 177 (350) 219 (425) 232 (450) 232 (450) 232 (450) Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent-minimum 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 Tests on residue from thin-film oven test:

Loss on heating percent-maximumo - 1 .O 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Viscosity, 60°C (140°F), Pa.s (Poises)-maximum 100 (1000) 200 (2000) 400 (4000) 800 (8000) 1200 (12000) 1600 (16000)

Ductility, 25°C (77'F), 5 cmimin, cm-minimum 100b 100 75 50 40 25 Spot test (when and as specified)' with:

Standard naphtha solvent Negative for all grades Naphtha-xylene solvent, percent xylene Negative for all grades Heptane-xylene solvent, percent xylene Negative for all grades

" The use of loss on heating requirement is optional. If ductility is less than 100 cm, material will be accepted if ductility at 15.6'C (60°F) is 100 cm minimum. The use of the spot test is optional. When it is specified, the engineer shall indicate whether the standard naphtha solvent, the naphtha-xylene solvent, or the heptane-xylene solvent will be used in determining compliance with the requirement, and also, in the case of xylene solvents, the percentage of xylene to be used.

Table 3-Requirements for Asphalt Binder Graded by Viscosity at 60°C (140°F) (Grading Based on Residue from Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)

Tests o n Residue from AASHTO Viscosity Grade

Test Method T 240" AR- 1 0 AR-20 AR-40 AR-80 AR-160

100 i 25 200 * 50 400 i 100 800 * 200 1600 i 400 Viscosity, 60°C (140aF), Pa.s (Poises) (1000 * 250) (2000 i 500) (4000 * 1000) (8000 i 2000) (16000 * 4000) Viscosity, 135°C (27SoF), mm2/s-minimum 140 200 275 400 550 Penetration, 25°C (77"F), 100 g, 5 s-minimum 65 40 25 20 20 Percent of original pen., 25°C (77°F)-minimum - 40 45 50 52 Ductility, 25'C (77°F). 5 cmimin, cm-minimum 1 Oob 1 OOh 75 75 75 Tests on original asphalt:

Flash point, COC, "C (OF)-minimum 205 (400) 219 (425) 227 (440) 232 (450) 238 (460) Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent-minimum 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0 99.0

" AASHTO T 179 (Thin-Film Oven Test) may be used, but AASHTO T 240 shall be the referee method. 1f ductility is less than 100 cm, material will be accepted if ductility at 15.6'C (60°F) is 100 cm minimum.

AASHTO

4. METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING

4.1. Sampling and testing of asphalt binders shall be in accordance with the following standard methods of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials:

T 40, Sampling T 44, Solubility in Bituminous Materials

T 48, Flash Point (COC)

T 49, Penetration

T 5 1, Ductility

T 55, Water T 102, Spot Test

T 179, Thin-Film Oven Test

T 201, Viscosity at 135°C (275°F)

T 202, Viscosity at 60°C (140°F)

T 240, Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test

TS-2 b M 226-3 AASHTO