Lyme disease

Group or bacteria with a highly characteristic appearance

Helical, slender, relatively long cells One of the species of “borrelia” cause

lyme disease in human

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is name given to the overall category

North America, Bb sensu stricto Europe Bb sensu stricto, B.garinii, and

B.afzelii Asia has B.garinii

Super kingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: spirochaetes

Order: spirochaetales

Family: spirochaelaceae

Genus: Borrelia

Species: borrelia burgdorferi

The early symptoms are mild and easily overlook.

The first symptom is usually an expanding rash.

Called erythema migrans. Appear as a solid red expanding rash or

blotch, OR a central spot surrounded by clear skin that in ringed by an expanding red rash looks like bull’s eye.

Borrelia has been isolated from nearly every organ

Tendon Heart muscle

General Profound fatigue, headache, fever

severe muscle aches/pain Brain (tingling sensations of the

extremities- peripheral neuropathy, facial palsy

Eyes :vision changes, retinal damage, optic atropy

Skin: rash not at bite site (erythema migrans)

There are number of blood test available

Antibody test :ELISA and western blot tests.

Although there is false positive and negative result

Antigen detection tests Polymerase chain reaction: this test

multiplies the of Bb DNA to detectable measurable level

Precautionary routineWear enclosed shoes and light-clolred

clothing with a tight weave to spot ticks easily

Scan clothes and any exposed skinStay on cleared, well- traveled trailsInsect repellent containing DEET (Diethyl-

meta-tolumide) in skin or clothsInspect yourself and your children

carefully after been heavily bushed area

Treatments varies and depends on timings

Tetracycline or amoxycillin/probonicid Four later complication such as

meningitis ceferiaxone non- steroidal anti inflammatory drug

Highly motile Internal bundle of

flagella; cause it to contract like muscle

Swim through blood vessel, extracellular matrix, connective tissue

Swim at the rate of several inches in a matter of few days

If you DO find a tick attach tjo your skin,there is no need to panic. Not all ticks are infected

Without jerking, using a pair of pointed precision tweezers, grasp the tick by the head or mouthparts right where they enter the skin.

Do not twist the tick out , Clean the bite wound with disinfectant

LYMEric is made from lipidated rOspA pf B.burgdorferi sensu stricto.

Three dosages required for optimal protection

Mechanism of Action:B.burgdorferi in a vector tick undergoes

substantial antigenic change between the time of tick attachment on a mammalian host and transmission of the bacterium to the host.

Treatments include antibiotics, amoxicillin, penicillin, deoxycycline

For complicated case these antibiotics given through IV.

Most B.burgdorferi infections result from residential exposure to infected ticks during property maintenance, recreation, and leisure activity

The person who engage in outdoor occupations

Forestry landscaping

Endemic in several region in the U.S.A, Canada, and temperate Eurasia

1993-1997 62,000> reported cases. 5.5 cases/100,000 population

Highest reported rates occur in children under the age15 years