Lyme Disease
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Transcript of Lyme Disease
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Lyme Disease
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What is Lyme Disease?
• Most common tick/insect-borne disease in the U.S.• A disease that can cause skin, joint, heart and nervous
system problems.• Named after the town of Lyme, Connecticut• Caused by a specialized type of bacteria called
spirochete.• Transmitted by the bite of an infected tick or flea. Other
insects that feed on animal blood may be involved.
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Ticks that cause Lyme disease• Black-legged (or deer) tick: Transmits Lyme disease to humans. Found in north-central and northeastern U.S.
• Lone star tick: Found in Texas and has been know to transmit Lyme disease.
• Rocky Mountain tick: Can transmit Lyme disease as well as Rocky Mountain spotted fever.Deer Ticks
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• Woods
• Grass
• Shrubs
• Piles of leaves and brush
A tick on a blade of grass waiting to grab onto someone!
Where are ticks found?
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How do people get bitten?
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• Ticks do not fly or jump.
• Ticks grab onto people (or clothes) when they walk through a grassy or wooded area.
• A tick will then crawl to a feeding spot on the person’s skin.
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Lyme Disease: Signs and Symptoms• Stage 1 (Early stage) – 3 to 30 days after bite. – Flu-like symptoms develop within 7 – 14 days.– Symptoms include fatigue, headache, fever and
chills, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and, a non-productive cough.
– Skin lesion(s) may appear as a small red circular rash around the bite and expand.
– Secondary skin rashes appear in nearly 80% of individuals with Lyme disease.
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Lyme Disease: Signs and SymptomsTwo stages of Lyme disease:• Stage II (Late) – May occur weeks or months after
the onset of Lyme disease. – Severe headache and neck pain or stiffness.– Arthritis will develop in 60% of patients weeks or
months after infection (rarely more than 2 years).– Fifteen percent of people infected with Lyme disease
develop neurological symptoms, including psychiatric problems.
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Diagnosing Lyme Disease• Usually, a tick must bite and stay attached for at
least 24hrs before it can spread Lyme disease.• Notify a doctor if you become ill after being bitten
by a tick.• A diagnosis will be made based on clinical signs
and symptoms and the results of a blood test.
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Preventing Lyme Disease• Take protective measures when
outdoors. Wear light-colored clothing so that
ticks can be easily seen. Tuck pants into boots or socks. Use a repellant containing DEET. Walk in the center of trails, and
avoid contact with high grass and brush at trail edges.
• Keep pets free of ticks.
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How to remove a tick• Use tweezers to grasp the tick at
the surface of the skin.• If tweezers are not available, use a
tissue to protect your fingers. (Exposure to the tick’s fluids may lead to transmission of the disease).
• With a steady motion, pull the tick straight out.
• After removing tick, disinfect the bite site, and wash hands with soap and water.
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Other facts• Lyme disease cannot be transmitted
person-to-person.• People being treated with
antibiotics for Lyme disease should not donate blood. Scientists have found that the Lyme disease bacteria can live in blood stored for donation.
• You cannot get Lyme disease from eating venison or squirrel meat.
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ReferencesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2008).
Lyme disease. Retrieved on March 18, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/ ncidod/dvbid/lyme/index.htm.
Texas Department of State Health Services (2005). Lyme disease. (No. 7-35). Austin, TX: Author.
Rawlings, J. (1999). Lyme Disease in Texas. Disease Prevention News 59 (10) 1-4.