Lung disordersAdvanced Biology

StemCellsFormingAnArtificiallung

Asthma

O Chronic airway inflammationO Airway obstructionO Hypersensitivity to a variety of stimuliO Symptoms: difficult breathing, wheezing, chest

tightness, anxiety

COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

O Chronic obstruction of airflow.

O Emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

O Cause: exposure to cigarettes or 2nd hand smoke

Lung cancerChronic cough, blood in sputum, wheezing, chest pain85% cases are due to smoking.Usually diagnosed in advanced stages, patients die within one year.

Lung cancerTypes of Lung CancerThere are two main types of lung cancer, distinguished by the appearance of the cancer cells under a microscope. Small-cell lung cancer is the more aggressive of the two, meaning it can spread quickly to other parts of the body early in the disease. It is strongly tied to cigarette use and rarely seen in nonsmokers. Non-small-cell lung cancer grows more slowly and is more common, accounting for almost 90% of all lung cancers.Web MD

Small and non-small cancer

PneumoniaO Acute infection or

inflammation of the alveoli.

O Alveoli fill with debris and fluid, interferring with ventilation and gas exchange

O Cause: Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

TuberculosisO Highly infectious

communicable lung disease

O Bacteria may spread from the lungs to other organs

O Fatigue, wt. loss, coughing blood, night sweats

There are now strains of TB that areMulti-drug resistant

Pulmonary edemaO Abnormal

accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces and alveoli.

O Can be caused by heart failure or “leaking” capillaries

O Painful, labored breathing

Pulmonary edema

H1N1 influenzaO Virus spreads from

person to personO Fever, cough, runny

nose, body aches, headache, fatigue

O To prevent infection:O Get a flu shotO Wash handsO Cover your cough