LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit...
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LSE Works: Department of MethodologyThe Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction?Professor Kenneth BenoitHead, Department of Methodology, LSE(@kenbenoit)
Hashtag for Twitter users: #LSEworks
Professor Sara HoboltChair in European Institutions, European Institute, LSE(@sarahobolt)
Dr Jennifer Jackson PreeceAssociate Professor in Nationalism, European Institute, LSE
Dr Jean-Christophe PlantinChair, LSE(@JCPlantin)
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The Brexit Debate Through Social Media
Deliberative Discussion, or Deliberate Dysfunction?
Kenneth BenoitDepartment of Methodology, LSE
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Research Team
LSE Department of Methodology
• EUENGAGE: Dr. Akitaka Matsuo, Research Officer (http://amatsuo.net)
• quanteda (the R package for managing and analyzing text) • Dr. Haiyan Wang, Research Officer • Kohei Watanabe, Ph.D Candidate (http://koheiw.net)
Imperial College London, Data Science Institute • Dr. Julio Amador Díaz López, Research Associate • David Birch, Research Associate • Prof. Mark Kennedy, Professor
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social media in political communications
• approximately 400-450 million Tweets per day
• 29.2% of US population are active users
• 20% of UK population (13.1 million in 2016)
• 563 UK MPs have Twitter accounts
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87% of UK MPs have Twitter accounts
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How Twitter is used for political communication: to send a message
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to call attention to an event or report
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@mentions
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#hashtags
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“Retweets”
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Current project: Brexit-related Tweets
• some 35 million since January
• present analysis: Through end of June (26 million)
• capture based on #hashtags, @usernames, and search terms
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Hashtags: #betterdealforbritain #betteroffout #brexit #euref #eureferendum #eusummit #getoutnow #leaveeu #no2eu #notoeu #strongerin #ukineu #voteleave #wewantout #yes2eu #yestoeu brexit
Usernames:
@vote_leave @brexitwatch @eureferendum @ukandeu @notoeu @leavehq @ukineu @leaveeuofficial @ukleave_eu @strongerin @yesforeurope @grassroots_out @stronger_in
Search terms
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Capture platform
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Frequencies of Tweets
1e+04
1e+06
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Juldate
N
verb share post
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Users in data
• 3.6M unique users
• number of tweets:
• average: 7.2
• median: 1 (more than 50% had only one tweet)
• max: 81.1K
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Heavy usersusername share post NiVoteLeave 81101 3 81104iVoteStay 57615 1 57616
Col_Connaughton 0 21451 21451brexitmarch 0 20873 20873
MikkiL 18850 1407 20257Fight4UK 13785 4777 18562JodieActy 13837 1021 14858
SaraPadmore 14692 20 14712Brndstr 0 13449 13449
marie52d 12884 349 13233RoyalNavyNews 2648 10382 13030
ukleave_eu 9890 2589 12479mwengway 10072 2183 12255
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Main hashtags
• List of hashtags http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/top_hashtags_10000
• c.f List of mentions http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/top_mentions_10000
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Main hashtags
#bbcqt#france
#world#indyref2
#greenerin
#markets#referendum
#euro2016
#iran
#june23
#remain#ireland
#eurefready#snp
#engisl
#remainineu#c4news#inorout
#trump
#us
#boris#sunderland
#economy
#rt
#bbcsp
#brexitornot
#pmqs
#cam
eron
#tories
#eusummit #scotland
#bremain
#migrants
#iceland
#voteremain
#fed
#notmyvote
#breakingnews
#grexit
#marr
#dc
#money
#ttip
#bbc
#projecthope
#lexit
#nyc
#freebiafra
#engice
#london
#skypapers#nexit
#moreincom
mon
#labourleave #jocox
#votein
#tcot
#england
#in
#grassrootsout
#out
#tory
#voterregistration
#auspol#newsnight
#lies
#marrshow
#39
#cdnpoli
#bbcpapers
#bbcdp
#bbcnews
#labourinforbritain
#pegida
#brexit's
#euro
#europe
#regrexit
#britain
#voteleave#merkel
#gold
#ukineu#china
#bbcreferendum
#obama
#freedom
#go
#gameofthrones
#corbyn
#gove
#pound
#labourin#ukip
#eurovision
#poll
#immigration
#wales
#leave
#business
#biafra
#forex
#brexitin5words#trumptrain
#biafrexit
#muslims
#whitegenocide
#follow
#gbp
#maga
#tech
#betteroffout
#isl
#finance
#itveuref
#toryelectionfraud
#stocks
#eudebate
#leaveeu
#voteout
#trading
#039
#intogether#british
#borisjohnson
#americafirst
#farage
#texit
#vote
#eurefresult
#no2eu
#bbcdebate
#
#euistheproblem#spain
#ukreferendum
#fx
#ausvotes
#strongerout
#bregret
#ivoted
#imf
#postrefracism
#registertovote
#eu
#europeanunion
#brexitthem
ovie
#takecontrol
#jobs
#skynews
#nevertrump
#strongerin
#islam
#democracy
#fintech
#nhs
#euco#thames
#r4today
#takebackcontrol
#tomorrowspaperstoday
#c4debate
#frexit
#uk
#news
#sky
#flotilla
#brussels
#brexitfail
#londonstays#catsagainstbrexit
#politics
#eureferendum
#indyref
#labour
#germany
#bitcoin
#eurefresults
#davidcameron
#usa
#brexitvote#turkey
#greatbritain
#projectfear
#peston
#trump2016
#turnup
#greece
#independenceday
#juncker#eng
#ivotedleave
#breaking
#viral
#european
#votestay#obamainuk
#itv
#donaldtrump
#nigelfarage
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Evolution of hashtags (ranking)
• Top 10
0
25
50
75
100
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Dai
ly R
anki
ng (1
00 =
1st
)
hashtag#brexit
#eu
#euref
#eureferendum
#leaveeu
#remain
#strongerin
#uk
#ukip
#voteleave
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• Hashtags decaying popularity
−50
0
50
100
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Dai
ly R
anki
ng (1
00 =
1st
)
hashtag#bbcpapers
#euco
#eudeal
#grassrootsout
#indyref
#no2eu
#stoptheeu
#tomorrowspaperstoday
#twibbon
#ukineu
Evolution of hashtags (ranking)
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Hashtags surging popularity
−40
0
40
80
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Dai
ly R
anki
ng (1
00 =
1st
)
hashtag#bbc
#bremain
#itv
#maga
#nexit
#referendum
#remain
#sky
#takecontrol
#voteremain
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Predicting Leave v. Remain
• Method: Naive Bayes classifier, also Support-Vector Machines (SVM) • Data source: combined tweet corpus at user level • Creating training data
• Select “power-users” (more than 100 tweets in the corpus, 15K users) • Check the use of pre-determined set of “leave” and “remain” hashtags • Calculate the difference in the use of leave and remain hashtags. Construct
training data from top and bottom 10% of power users • Features
• Use bag of words method (unigrams, remove features used less than 20 users)
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Predicting Leave v. Remain (Feature Selection)
• Models are evaluated through
• Split training data into training and test sets
• Check the prediction accuracy for test sets
• Three models are tested (prediction accuracy for test set in parentheses)
• All words (49.4%)
• Only hashtags (82.8%)
• Hashtags and mentions (88.2%)
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Predicting Leave v. Remain
N %
Remain 9,780,223 36.93%
Neutral 7,786,297 29.40%
Leave 8,914,207 33.66%
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Patterns of posts, Leave v. Remain
1e+04
1e+06
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Juldate
N
side Remain Neutral Leave
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MP side predictions by party
Conservative
Democratic Unionist Party
Green Party
Independent
Labour
Liberal Democrat
Plaid Cymru
Scottish National Party
Sinn Fein
Social Democratic and Labour Party
UK Independence Party
Ulster Unionist Party
0 50 100 150 200 250
sideRemain
Neutral
Leave
MP predictions from Tweets
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A few well-known Twitter users
@kenbenoit
@lseabra@lseanhubbard
@lsebrexitvote
@lseechr1
@lseekford
@lseenterprise
@lsefton
@lsegreenbelt
@lsehistory
@lsei
@lseideas
@lsekaras
@lselangcentre@lselawreview@lselectric_dm
@lself1202
@lsellier@lsenerazzurra
@lsengers
@lsengler@lsenior15@lsergy
@lserio9762
@lserofthyear@lseror@lsesalter
@lsesu
@lsethy@lsetlse
@lseupr
@sarahobolt
@simonjhix
10
1000
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2Probability of Remain
Num
ber o
f Twe
ets
sideaaa
Remain
Neutral
Leave
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Leave and Remain Hashtags
Leave
Remain
Neutral
#leaveeu
#brexit
#euref
#ukip#forex
#eu
#ukineu
#eureferendum
#referendum
#davidcameron
#remain
#labourinforbritain #rt
#sky#farage
#nexit
#trading
#uk
#voteremain
#news
#fintech
#itv
#leave
#money#bbcqt#tories
#bbcdebate
#euco
#fx #grassrootsout#british
#gove
#brexitthemovie
#itveuref
#frexit
#market#gbp
#labour
#eusummit
#bbc
#out#euistheproblem#gold
#marr#nhs
#tcot
#strongerout
#lbc
#cameron
#registertovote
#business
#european
#usa
#greece
#ids
#dodgydave
#freedom
#europe
#juncker#beleave
#commonwealth
#pound
#georgeosborne
#ttip
#
#grexit
#india
#fishingforleave
#brexit's #gogogo
#bbcdp
#ft
#ivoted
#r4today
#eureform
#tech
#euarmy
#eupol
#eurefresults
#savethenhs
#bregret
#newsnight
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#finance
#sovereignty
#labourin
#notmyvote
#uktostay
#votetoleave
#trump2016
#fed
#investment
#ukpolitics
#gibraltar
#tomorrowspaperstoday
#boe#putin#love
#auspol
#immigration
#39
#live
#merkel
#dexit
#bluehand
#brexitrisks#yes2eu
#panamapapers
#bbcsp
#swexit
#stoptheeu
#strongertogether
#bbcpapers
#believeinbritain#turnup
#world
#regrexit
#c4debate
#jeremycorbyn
#nwo
#politics
#whitegenocide
#syria#union
#jobs
#bbcnews
#voteleavetakecontrol
#obama #scotland
#london
#startup
#gbpusd#cornwall
#londonstays
#sterling
#fail
#britin
#ukref #euro2016
#peace
#german
#voteleave's
#remainineu
#voteleaveeu
#turkey
#economy
#isis
#brexiters
#bojo
#specbrexit
#trump
#bnp
#takecontrolday
#feelthebern
#smallbusiness
#skynews
#wewantourfishback
#vote
#brussels
#betterin
#stocks#corbyn
#saferin
#wewantout
#pjnet
#remainin
#racism
#birmingham
#property
#dontwalkaway
#pmqs
#europeday
#usd
#bbcr4today
#health
#irexit
#lsebrexitvote#bias
#twibbon
#peston
#euro
#oil
#periscope
#stayin
#rmt
#eudebate
#tory
#greatbritain
#germany#europeanunion#breakingnews
#remainers#bobgeldof
#marrshow
#migrants
#ge2015
#wrongthenwrongnow
#bexit
#reuters
#indyref2
#england
#snp#flexcit
#nottip
#skypapers
#eurefready
#muslim
s
#superstate
#questiontime
#freshstart
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Leave and Remain Features
http://rpubs.com/amatsuo/feature_scores
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (LSE)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage
#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
@cep_lse#lsebrexitvote@lsebrexitvote
@lsepoliticsblog#lse @simonjhix@swatdhingralse@lseeuroppblog@lseei@lseforbusiness@lsenews@iainbegglse@lseecon@lseideas@lseplc @lse_ukineu
@lsepublicevents@sarahobolt@ecrep_lse
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (Cameron)
@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
@david_cameron
#davidcameron#cameron
#cameron's@david_cameron's
#resigncameron@davidcameron#davidcameron's#resigndavidcameron@cameron#david_cameron
##davidcameron#liarcameron
@costofcameron#scameron #cursedavidcameron#sackcameron#dodgydavecameron#fuckoffcameron #liardavidcameron
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (Boris Johnson)
@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
@borisjohnson
@borisjohnson's
#buggeroffboris#borisvdave#bebraveboris #borisbus #borisjohnson's##borisjohnson#borisforpm#borissaysleave #curseborisjohnson #boris's@boris #boristrump#goboris #askboris #borismyths
#whatborissaid #boris4pm#borisspeech @borislondon #borisisbananas#teamboris #borisandgove #brexitboris#borisbacksbrexit
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (Gove)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage
#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
#gove#michaelgove
#gove's@michaelgovemp@michael_gove
#michaelgove's@mickgove@mgovemp#borisandgove@michaelgove
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (Farage)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage
#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
@nigel_farage
#farage
#nigelfarage
@nigelfarage#suggestajobforfarage#teamfarage
#nigel_farage @farage#phonefarage#cameronvfarage
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (Corbyn)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage
#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
@jeremycorbyn
#corbyn
#jeremycorbyn
#keepcorbyn
@piers_corbyn
#cowardcorbyn @jeremeycorbyn#imwithcorbyn#freecorbyn
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Leave and Remain Hashtags (LSE)@vote_leave#uk #voteremain#news #leave@david_cameron#bbcqt @strongerin#bbcdebate #ukip@nigel_farage
#itveuref#referendum @borisjohnson#labour#bbc @leaveeuofficial#davidcameron #marr#nhs@mailonline #forex@skynews#cameron@bbcnews@youtube #business@grassroots_out #ukineu#europe@danhannanmep@telegraph#ttip#rt #@jeremycorbyn#sky#nexit #bbcdp#ivoted@lbc #r4today@ukip@george_osborne#eurefresults#newsnight@guardian#itv #finance #labourin#tomorrowspaperstoday#immigration #39@uklabour@andrealeadsom
@mrharrycole
#eastyorkshire
#brexitpassion
#remain'rs @d6pm2
@adamboultonsky
#worried
#ecj
#pienaar@wodewose7
#bbceuref @dotdotdotdash
#52jokers
@jelle_simons
#mayelections
@smcneil3548
@keohanedan@obviousreally
#voterfraud
@rowenamason@snp
@c4ciaran@cchqpress
@paulwheeler278
@fatfei_
@zdf
@ukleave_eu
#yeseu@ybcabbie
#cac40
#brixet
@drpippam
#berkshire
#earthday
#singapore
#leadingnotleaving#winwin
#outside
#movie
#skills
@simon_nixon
#mysticclegg#stafford
#fuck@iredalepolitics
@socdemgroup@bbc's
@timothy_stanley
#corbyn4all@timharford#life @richardwilson68
#slovakia
#battleofthethames@fromtga
#warsaw
@icelandmonitor
#bbcr2#battersea
#votingmatters
@solutionprovida
#euro2016
@scotgov
@isabelhardman
@euandeuropeblog
@paulnuttallukip
@death2rapegangs
@berniesanders
#cabbies
@kevina364@fionajow
#polska
@drealmie
@stephen_gash
@sbrine
@sjwrenlewis
#usepens
#disgusting
@christinasnp#beleaver@fascistcow
@sfbplymouth
#pollingday
@frankrgardner
#free
#45 @chakrabortty
#rmt
#londonhasfallen
@bbcasiannetwork @paulburstow
#ccot
#notts#v4
@coldplay
@spencerhills2#goodbyeeu#antisemitism
@kennymc1978@danjukes17
#solidarity
#knaresborough@mcgiff@femiokes
#cepbrexit
#dontriskit
@manish_05singh #burnley#crossparty @photomonty
@jimalkhalili
#wanker@_tonycloud_
#betterin
#rbs
@tpy52
@ukleavetheeu@businessinsider
@dmreporter#voteleave23june
@dmccaffreysky
#londependence
@planet_pedro
#rulebritannia
@chughtaiaftab#grimston
#etuc
#italy
#macron
@rcorbettmep
#nowomanever@vivelafra
@sianberry@thehistoryguy
@freedland
#mcdonnell#ruthdavidson
#gold
#withjuncker@emmamcclarkin
@lonie_mark
#highered
#iagreewithnick
#cameronslegacy
#projectfib#prime
#buggeroffboris#invest
@crankonosborn
#schadenfreude
#cerbrexit
#outisout
#scotnight@hetty_getty
#bothvotessnp
@libdemsforleave
#pknt
#bbcradio4@aberdeenuni
@uklabourin's
@mazzucatom@moggiesrace
@heritage
@bne_group@markgatiss
#wednesdaywisdom@dinky1950sf
@ecentauri
#projectbollox
@unionstogether
#nigel
@adriandelta1
#oops
@sajidjavid
#flexit
#competition#calmdownremain
#shell @businessdesk@liveliketheboy
@bbcworldservice@dr_beale_
#keiserreport
#victoriabeckham#handsoffmynetflix
#on
@eu_buster@karinbgraham
#despicable @profchalmers#bunniesforbrexit
@rt_erdogan#rich#projectwinning
@sirpatstew@stephennolan
#yeovil#statusquo
#radio2
@iaindsmith_mp@archangelolill@brit_battleaxe
#turks
@alancdavisalan
@mayoroflondon
#mustread
@leaningleft46@lauraj4sweast
#l
@epinuk
@fpalondon
#undecideds
#crazy
#industry
#savedemocracy
@bbcpeterh
@david_colquhoun#kingofspin
@38_degrees#fun
@walkerworcester@djhiom
@martinschulz
@forduk @davidcockerham#freetuition@michael
@feistydeanne #nationalliberalparty
@rykalski#unelected
@tcoflondon
#pencilgate
@whipitup69
#maga
#stayingineu#save
@historiansforeu@mudjokivis
@standardchester
#japan
#beretxit@alexvtunzelmann@c4debate
#voted
@ukpoliticslive@johnpilger @joncstone#don'ttrustgideon#towerhamlets
#eudebate
#spotlight
@thefreedemocrat@wowpetition @fionamullency
#cameronvfarage
#howwillyouvote
#sos @jorisluyendijk
@eventbriteuk@kellerzoe#ukouteu
@pimlicat#baraxit
#disability@labourparty
#bmw
#curry@theaa_uk @rteradio1
@1creatorltd
@bluejaneee@ukipskipton
#maastricht@jensstoltenberg
@paulxxxxx
#supportlocal
@brianw44
#con
@daveoleary@dw_conflictzone@easypoliticsuk
#jewish@philsnr
@thebusinessshow
#sydney @students4europe
@resfoundation#flipflopper#ghana
#wikileaks
@mattlynnwriter@andyhammers@revolution_jw
@louhaigh
@lanceforman#voteforchange #taxes
@libertarianview
@lukeblackheath#governments
@robinniblett@smithnicole896
#saveuk #nireland @kaletsky
@soberlook@wildlifetrusts
#foreignaid
@whitty0702
@iam568#dominicraab
#feminist
@hocpetitions@queen_uk @untidy_mind
@danscavino#savetheuk@freedom4allyo@abcnews@voteleaveukip
#britishpublic
#inflation@richardangell
@oldham_out_go
#telegraphandroid
@jimwaterson
#mrsballsup @truemythocracy
@owensmith_mp@femail#rapists
#mi6
@witchend@beargardenman
@carolinepidgeon
@ruthcadbury
#feelthebern
@hms_indomitable#chickendave
@lawyers4animals
#projectbs #blairism
@ajs_2010
@thegreenparty
#montenegro
#panama
@gatestoneinst
@thesun
#independance
@volkskrant#result
#mair#tisa
@frederickone
@acloakedfigure@wit_xx
@traynorbrussels@thehiggsty
@joannieco @derekvaughan
#yen#romania#desperation#pegidauk
#tellthetruth
#ttip's
@rickyleecooke@bellacaledonia
#houseofcommons
#poland
@hdner#wrong
@unilever
#stockholmsyndrome#csainquiry#thankyourmp @sikorskiradek@markhleonard
@alexhern
#generationeuvote
@lapgongleong
@pritch1963
#trojanhorse@raypyngotes
@amc0010
@emilythornberry
@opinium
@paulkrugman
@channel5_tv@adrianhayes
#nafta
@xlibris1
#maidavale#catch22
@reutersworld
@redundantuk@scottmannmp @aaronbastani
@fredfinblogs#mothersday
@williamw1
#studentsgo
@angelneptustar
@proftomkins
#memesforbritain
@lborocrcc@007harvey
@mayoroflondon's
#zerocredibility@sirbasilbrush@martinshovel
@scotlandtonight#patglass
#agriculture
@stayukip@jpfallon27
@geezajay2013
@kateandrs
@cityoflondon@traceyemin
#embarrassing @alanengland4
@newsrepublic
@ncr16#manutd
@uniforbritain
@t0nyyates
#timeforchange
@thetemplar5
#goldman
@sayeedawarsi
#magicmoneytree@andrzejduda@happytobetommy
#nissan@sharpenditv@samson1176
@polnyypesets#africa
@nommedetwit
#lies
@megandunn116@angie_merkel@mariahutchings@jonnygould
#senedd@mikecoulson48
@carolynquinncq
@sheffieldstar@sonofr
@stefanmolyneux
#walrus
#adele@fbunational
@ufuhq
@albertonardelli
@trobinsonnewera
#junckermail@hjortur_j
@robbieeggleston@nelsons_pigeon
#abclatedebate
#takecontol#there#standtogether
@rachael_swindon
@xrolet#nothankseu
#nfklive
@biaus@libdemfightbac
#orlandoshooting
#monarchy#durham #putin's#democracy4europe
@paulembery
@dafydd_wigley
@adrianshort
#specialdeal@dickgraceless@bbcnwt
@sainsburys@misskatieprice
#scottishindependence
@nunnp1@leshuttle @trump_ton
@crispinbluntmp
#londonistan#m40 #economies
#littleengland
#theresamay
@theresamay_mp#nowaymay
@theresamay2016#nevermay #teresamay#tmay
#nevertheresamay
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Leave v.Remain Hashtags
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SVM classification Europe-wide: Remain
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SVM classification Europe-wide: Leave
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Hashtag Networks (Top 300, across sides)
#leaveeu
#brexit
#euref
#eureferendum#uk
#eu
#ukip
#putin
#forex#stoptheeu
#london
#trading
#beleave
#europe#world
#news
#isis
#russia
#cameron
#leave
#voteukip#ge2015
#bitcoin
#tory
#merkel
#health
#uk's
#pmqs
#media
#bbc #syria
#france
#paris
#stocks
#business
#fx
#grexit
#europeanunion
#refugees#migrants
#remain
#indyref2
#gbp
#sterling
#r4today
#migrantcrisis
#believeinbritain
#votestay
#remainineu
#corbyn #tcot
#pjnet
#politics
#immigration
#flexcit
#bluehand
#euro
#labour
#c4news
#freedom
#ids
#nato#labourinforbritain
#ftse
#eurozone
#china
#jobs
#finance
#ft
#snp
#economy
#turkey
#stayineu
#voteremain#whitegenocide
#trump
#ccot
#spain
#farage
#tomorrowspaperstoday
#ukineu
#islam
#money
#
#nhs
#trade
#germany#newsnight#bbcnews
#conservative
#davidcameron
#indyref
#referendum
#brexit's
#strongerout
#britainfirst
#pegida
#climatechange
#britain's
#breaking
#muslim
#euarmy #auspol#rt
#migration
#bbcdp
#bbcqt
#skynews
#fintech
#market
#british
#euco
#gbpusd
#muslims
#property
#bbcpapers#tories#ttip
#039
#unitedkingdom
#incampaign
#out
#article50
#scotland
#ireland
#fed
#osborne
#england
#ukraine
#startups
#juncker#makebritaingreatagain
#eusummit
#pound
#oil
#greece
#nexit
#wato
#sovereignty
#brussels
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#gibraltar
#poll
#donaldtrump
#obama#entrepreneur
#nigelfarage
#india
#dontwalkaway
#markets
#northernireland
#betterin
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#tech
#ukreferendum
#breakingnews
#banislam
#trump2016
#39
#lbc#usa
#reuters
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#ukref
#euro2016
#us
#cornwall
#climate
#grassrootsout
#brits
#conservatives
#commonwealth
#austerity
#bettertogether#saveournhs
#love
#wales
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#economics
#newcastle
#italy
#eu's
#iraq
#vote
#iceland
#skypapers
#racism
#marr #marrshow#bbcsp
#murnaghan
#eudebate
#victorialive
#gove
#eng
#wakeupamerica
#lies
#frexit
#australia
#gop
#in
#science#1
#socialmedia
#humanrights
#ecb
#calais
#nwo
#africa
#brexitvote
#gold
#manchester
#eurovision
#sunderland
#sky#imf #labourin
#birmingham
#independence
#undecided
#cdnpoli
#strongertogether
#clinton
#america
#itv
#nyc
#dexit
#feelthebern
#cnn#petition
#peston
#startup
#periscope
#gameofthrones
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#gogogo
#swexit
#michaelgove
#registertovote
#travel #brexitthemovie#italexit
#toryleadership
#maga
#dc
#globalism
#voterregistration
#hillary
#islamist
#bbcdebate
#texit#thames
#orlando
#americafirst
#panamapapers
#ausvotes
#ivoted
#obamainuk
#isl
#fishingforleave
#toryelectionfraud#dogsatpollingstations
#notmyvote
#usepens
#euistheproblem
#readytovote
#ramadan
#regrexit
#brexitornot
#turnup#brexitbustour
#votedleave
#eurefready
#flotilla
#itveuref
#bftownhall
#c4debate
#pride2016 #bregret
#jocox
#jocoxmp
#catsagainstbrexit
#moreincommon
#whathavewedone
#bbcreferendum
#imwithyou
#engisl
#pencilgate
#engice#eurefresults
#eurefresult
#londonstays
#labourcoup
#keepcorbyn
#brexitin5words
#postrefracism
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Hashtag Networks (Top 300, across sides)
#leaveeu
#brexit
#euref
#eureferendum#uk
#eu
#ukip
#putin
#forex#stoptheeu
#london
#trading
#beleave
#europe#world
#news
#isis
#russia
#cameron
#leave
#voteukip#ge2015
#bitcoin
#tory
#merkel
#health
#uk's
#pmqs
#media
#bbc #syria
#france
#paris
#stocks
#business
#fx
#grexit
#europeanunion
#refugees#migrants
#remain
#indyref2
#gbp
#sterling
#r4today
#migrantcrisis
#believeinbritain
#votestay
#remainineu
#corbyn #tcot
#pjnet
#politics
#immigration
#flexcit
#bluehand
#euro
#labour
#c4news
#freedom
#ids
#nato#labourinforbritain
#ftse
#eurozone
#china
#jobs
#finance
#ft
#snp
#economy
#turkey
#stayineu
#voteremain#whitegenocide
#trump
#ccot
#spain
#farage
#tomorrowspaperstoday
#ukineu
#islam
#money
#
#nhs
#trade
#germany#newsnight#bbcnews
#conservative
#davidcameron
#indyref
#referendum
#brexit's
#strongerout
#britainfirst
#pegida
#climatechange
#britain's
#breaking
#muslim
#euarmy #auspol#rt
#migration
#bbcdp
#bbcqt
#skynews
#fintech
#market
#british
#euco
#gbpusd
#muslims
#property
#bbcpapers#tories#ttip
#039
#unitedkingdom
#incampaign
#out
#article50
#scotland
#ireland
#fed
#osborne
#england
#ukraine
#startups
#juncker#makebritaingreatagain
#eusummit
#pound
#oil
#greece
#nexit
#wato
#sovereignty
#brussels
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#gibraltar
#poll
#donaldtrump
#obama#entrepreneur
#nigelfarage
#india
#dontwalkaway
#markets
#northernireland
#betterin
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#tech
#ukreferendum
#breakingnews
#banislam
#trump2016
#39
#lbc#usa
#reuters
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#ukref
#euro2016
#us
#cornwall
#climate
#grassrootsout
#brits
#conservatives
#commonwealth
#austerity
#bettertogether#saveournhs
#love
#wales
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#economics
#newcastle
#italy
#eu's
#iraq
#vote
#iceland
#skypapers
#racism
#marr #marrshow#bbcsp
#murnaghan
#eudebate
#victorialive
#gove
#eng
#wakeupamerica
#lies
#frexit
#australia
#gop
#in
#science#1
#socialmedia
#humanrights
#ecb
#calais
#nwo
#africa
#brexitvote
#gold
#manchester
#eurovision
#sunderland
#sky#imf #labourin
#birmingham
#independence
#undecided
#cdnpoli
#strongertogether
#clinton
#america
#itv
#nyc
#dexit
#feelthebern
#cnn#petition
#peston
#startup
#periscope
#gameofthrones
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#gogogo
#swexit
#michaelgove
#registertovote
#travel #brexitthemovie#italexit
#toryleadership
#maga
#dc
#globalism
#voterregistration
#hillary
#islamist
#bbcdebate
#texit#thames
#orlando
#americafirst
#panamapapers
#ausvotes
#ivoted
#obamainuk
#isl
#fishingforleave
#toryelectionfraud#dogsatpollingstations
#notmyvote
#usepens
#euistheproblem
#readytovote
#ramadan
#regrexit
#brexitornot
#turnup#brexitbustour
#votedleave
#eurefready
#flotilla
#itveuref
#bftownhall
#c4debate
#pride2016 #bregret
#jocox
#jocoxmp
#catsagainstbrexit
#moreincommon
#whathavewedone
#bbcreferendum
#imwithyou
#engisl
#pencilgate
#engice#eurefresults
#eurefresult
#londonstays
#labourcoup
#keepcorbyn
#brexitin5words
#postrefracism
![Page 43: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Hashtag Networks (Leave)
#leaveeu
#german
#stoptheeu
#beleave
#isis#syria
#votetoleave
#grexit
#voteno
#twibbon#noeu
#believeinbritain
#biasedbbc
#tcot#pjnet
#bluehand
#timetoleave
#freedom
#stopislam
#whitegenocide
#ccot
#leavetheeu
#jpmorgan
#leave.eu
#davidcameron
#loughborough
#rape
#referendum#strongerout
#euarmy
#auspol
#rt#liberty
#fb
#british#ww2
#muslims
#out
#germans
#blog
#holland
#hungary
#juncker
#makebritaingreatagain
#mp
#greece #nexit
#sovereignty
#snpout
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#traitor
#rapefugees#scam
#libya
#wrongthenwrongnow
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#banislam
#trump2016
#deutschland
#christians
#lbc
#usa
#irexit
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#juniordoctorsstrike
#epicfail
#closeborders
#belgium
#freespeech
#grassrootsout
#spexit
#tusc
#commonwealth
#outoftouch
#love#peace #austria
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#merkel's
#liblabcon
#catalonia
#fascist
#banksters
#police
#winning
#nottip
#voteleaveeu
#liar
#great
#wakeupamerica
#mandelson
#frexit
#establishment
#union
#david_cameron
#invasion
#gravytrain
#left
#tonybenn
#unitedstatesofeurope
#imleavebecause
#erdogan
#angelamerkel
#cameronout
#tonyblair
#nicolasturgeon
#savethenhs
#cameronmustgo
#nwo
#portugal
#africa
#junker
#disgrace
#islamic
#socialism
#we #jeanclaudejuncker
#erm
#politicians
#denmark
#israel
#justice
#sky
#leaveeuofficial
#vote_leave
#war#ww3
#questiontime
#wewantout
#corrupt
#dictatorship
#wewantourcountryback#maidstone
#nickymorgan
#teamnigel
#itv
#outofeu
#control
#nickclegg
#corruption
#poverty
#9
#efdd
#dexit
#bexit
#feelthebern
#labour's
#french
#remainers#edmiliband
#nz
#britainout
#dejavu
#timetogo
#davidcameron's
#bordercontrol
#victory
#stopttip
#czexit
#family
#globalbritain
#turkish
#kent
#votedemocracy
#goldmansachs#betterout
#powertothepeople
#revolution
#4
#peoplepower
#sayno2eu
#terrorists
#fixit
#fascisteu
#rmt
#michaelcaine
#imout
#christinelagarde
#votebrexit
#itexit
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#grassroots_out#gogogo
#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis
#britex
#nevergoingtohappen
#americans
#britian
#shameful
#eupropaganda
#chester
#winstonchurchill
#undemocratic
#takecontrolday
#swexit
#osborne's
#wmd
#neilkinnock
#tuc
#hillaryclinton
#freebritain
#britexit
#bbcnewschannel
#country
#remains
#terror
#brexitthemovie
#votetrump
#failed
#workers
#disgraceful
#godsavethequeen
#people
#africans
#goglobal
#proudtobebritish
#kinnock
#superstate
#brexitfears
#sarahwollaston
#remainians
#mega
#yeswecan
#followus
#laws
#hull
#caerphilly
#womenforbritain
#pm's
#biased
##voteleave
#globalism
#pleasevoteleave
#votetrade
#leaves
#schools
#dday
#ert
#battleforbritain
#bebraveboris
#remainiacs
#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen
#remainiac
#saferout #june23rd
#23rdjune
#movie
#islamist
#gagged
#freshstart
#no2ttip
#proud
#andrewneil
#georgesoros
#jun23
#dennisskinner
#bbcaskthis
#dogs
#heath
#eusuperstate
#overregulation
#newport
#remain'ers
#exitpoll
#ger
#totalitarian
#wewantourfishback
#brexitclub#giselastuart
#goactionday
#savebritain
#belfastgo
#aylesbury
#makebritainstrongagain
#43brokenpromises
#nationstates
#fishermen
#labourgo
#gosupersaturday
#newcastlego
#scotlandgo
#workingclass
#carlisle
#businessgo
#andrealeadsom
#askdave
#americafirst
#newportgo
#essexgo
#whyvoteleave
#solcampbell
#bobgeldof
#projectbollox
#ausvotes
#nojunckermail
#dontpatroniseme
#postitback
#battlebus
#auxit
#euspring
#freedomday
#bournemouthgo
#fivepresidents
#fishingforleave
#backofthequeue
#ivoteleave
#specbrexit
#inandout
#mostsincerely
#unitesstatesofeurope
#howtogetacouncilhouse
#euistheproblem
#ontour
#lexitthemovie
#petsforbritain
#beleaveinbritain
#votechange
#fathersday
#votedleave#voteremain's
#dalailama
#dogs4britain
#projectreasonable
#eusupertroughcommissioners
#immigratiion
#itvreferendum
#catsforbrexit
#brexitexpress
#nir#pride2016
#worldouroyster
#dutchforbrexit
#lbclive
#2016escapefromeu
#lordguthrie
#lovevinyl
#baronesswarsi
#dogsforbrexit
#imwithyou
#brexitpassion#going2win
#wevegotourcountryback
#invokearticle50
#nowaymay
#andrealeadsom4leader
#leadsom4leader
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#leaveeu
#german
#stoptheeu
#beleave
#isis#syria
#votetoleave
#grexit
#voteno
#twibbon#noeu
#believeinbritain
#biasedbbc
#tcot#pjnet
#bluehand
#timetoleave
#freedom
#stopislam
#whitegenocide
#ccot
#leavetheeu
#jpmorgan
#leave.eu
#davidcameron
#loughborough
#rape
#referendum#strongerout
#euarmy
#auspol
#rt#liberty
#fb
#british#ww2
#muslims
#out
#germans
#blog
#holland
#hungary
#juncker
#makebritaingreatagain
#mp
#greece #nexit
#sovereignty
#snpout
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#traitor
#rapefugees#scam
#libya
#wrongthenwrongnow
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#banislam
#trump2016
#deutschland
#christians
#lbc
#usa
#irexit
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#juniordoctorsstrike
#epicfail
#closeborders
#belgium
#freespeech
#grassrootsout
#spexit
#tusc
#commonwealth
#outoftouch
#love#peace #austria
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#merkel's
#liblabcon
#catalonia
#fascist
#banksters
#police
#winning
#nottip
#voteleaveeu
#liar
#great
#wakeupamerica
#mandelson
#frexit
#establishment
#union
#david_cameron
#invasion
#gravytrain
#left
#tonybenn
#unitedstatesofeurope
#imleavebecause
#erdogan
#angelamerkel
#cameronout
#tonyblair
#nicolasturgeon
#savethenhs
#cameronmustgo
#nwo
#portugal
#africa
#junker
#disgrace
#islamic
#socialism
#we #jeanclaudejuncker
#erm
#politicians
#denmark
#israel
#justice
#sky
#leaveeuofficial
#vote_leave
#war#ww3
#questiontime
#wewantout
#corrupt
#dictatorship
#wewantourcountryback#maidstone
#nickymorgan
#teamnigel
#itv
#outofeu
#control
#nickclegg
#corruption
#poverty
#9
#efdd
#dexit
#bexit
#feelthebern
#labour's
#french
#remainers#edmiliband
#nz
#britainout
#dejavu
#timetogo
#davidcameron's
#bordercontrol
#victory
#stopttip
#czexit
#family
#globalbritain
#turkish
#kent
#votedemocracy
#goldmansachs#betterout
#powertothepeople
#revolution
#4
#peoplepower
#sayno2eu
#terrorists
#fixit
#fascisteu
#rmt
#michaelcaine
#imout
#christinelagarde
#votebrexit
#itexit
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#grassroots_out#gogogo
#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis
#britex
#nevergoingtohappen
#americans
#britian
#shameful
#eupropaganda
#chester
#winstonchurchill
#undemocratic
#takecontrolday
#swexit
#osborne's
#wmd
#neilkinnock
#tuc
#hillaryclinton
#freebritain
#britexit
#bbcnewschannel
#country
#remains
#terror
#brexitthemovie
#votetrump
#failed
#workers
#disgraceful
#godsavethequeen
#people
#africans
#goglobal
#proudtobebritish
#kinnock
#superstate
#brexitfears
#sarahwollaston
#remainians
#mega
#yeswecan
#followus
#laws
#hull
#caerphilly
#womenforbritain
#pm's
#biased
##voteleave
#globalism
#pleasevoteleave
#votetrade
#leaves
#schools
#dday
#ert
#battleforbritain
#bebraveboris
#remainiacs
#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen
#remainiac
#saferout #june23rd
#23rdjune
#movie
#islamist
#gagged
#freshstart
#no2ttip
#proud
#andrewneil
#georgesoros
#jun23
#dennisskinner
#bbcaskthis
#dogs
#heath
#eusuperstate
#overregulation
#newport
#remain'ers
#exitpoll
#ger
#totalitarian
#wewantourfishback
#brexitclub#giselastuart
#goactionday
#savebritain
#belfastgo
#aylesbury
#makebritainstrongagain
#43brokenpromises
#nationstates
#fishermen
#labourgo
#gosupersaturday
#newcastlego
#scotlandgo
#workingclass
#carlisle
#businessgo
#andrealeadsom
#askdave
#americafirst
#newportgo
#essexgo
#whyvoteleave
#solcampbell
#bobgeldof
#projectbollox
#ausvotes
#nojunckermail
#dontpatroniseme
#postitback
#battlebus
#auxit
#euspring
#freedomday
#bournemouthgo
#fivepresidents
#fishingforleave
#backofthequeue
#ivoteleave
#specbrexit
#inandout
#mostsincerely
#unitesstatesofeurope
#howtogetacouncilhouse
#euistheproblem
#ontour
#lexitthemovie
#petsforbritain
#beleaveinbritain
#votechange
#fathersday
#votedleave#voteremain's
#dalailama
#dogs4britain
#projectreasonable
#eusupertroughcommissioners
#immigratiion
#itvreferendum
#catsforbrexit
#brexitexpress
#nir#pride2016
#worldouroyster
#dutchforbrexit
#lbclive
#2016escapefromeu
#lordguthrie
#lovevinyl
#baronesswarsi
#dogsforbrexit
#imwithyou
#brexitpassion#going2win
#wevegotourcountryback
#invokearticle50
#nowaymay
#andrealeadsom4leader
#leadsom4leader
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Hashtag Networks (Leave, anti-EU)
#leaveeu
#german
#stoptheeu
#beleave
#isis#syria
#votetoleave
#grexit
#voteno
#twibbon#noeu
#believeinbritain
#biasedbbc
#tcot#pjnet
#bluehand
#timetoleave
#freedom
#stopislam
#whitegenocide
#ccot
#leavetheeu
#jpmorgan
#leave.eu
#davidcameron
#loughborough
#rape
#referendum#strongerout
#euarmy
#auspol
#rt#liberty
#fb
#british#ww2
#muslims
#out
#germans
#blog
#holland
#hungary
#juncker
#makebritaingreatagain
#mp
#greece #nexit
#sovereignty
#snpout
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#traitor
#rapefugees#scam
#libya
#wrongthenwrongnow
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#banislam
#trump2016
#deutschland
#christians
#lbc
#usa
#irexit
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#juniordoctorsstrike
#epicfail
#closeborders
#belgium
#freespeech
#grassrootsout
#spexit
#tusc
#commonwealth
#outoftouch
#love#peace #austria
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#merkel's
#liblabcon
#catalonia
#fascist
#banksters
#police
#winning
#nottip
#voteleaveeu
#liar
#great
#wakeupamerica
#mandelson
#frexit
#establishment
#union
#david_cameron
#invasion
#gravytrain
#left
#tonybenn
#unitedstatesofeurope
#imleavebecause
#erdogan
#angelamerkel
#cameronout
#tonyblair
#nicolasturgeon
#savethenhs
#cameronmustgo
#nwo
#portugal
#africa
#junker
#disgrace
#islamic
#socialism
#we #jeanclaudejuncker
#erm
#politicians
#denmark
#israel
#justice
#sky
#leaveeuofficial
#vote_leave
#war#ww3
#questiontime
#wewantout
#corrupt
#dictatorship
#wewantourcountryback#maidstone
#nickymorgan
#teamnigel
#itv
#outofeu
#control
#nickclegg
#corruption
#poverty
#9
#efdd
#dexit
#bexit
#feelthebern
#labour's
#french
#remainers#edmiliband
#nz
#britainout
#dejavu
#timetogo
#davidcameron's
#bordercontrol
#victory
#stopttip
#czexit
#family
#globalbritain
#turkish
#kent
#votedemocracy
#goldmansachs#betterout
#powertothepeople
#revolution
#4
#peoplepower
#sayno2eu
#terrorists
#fixit
#fascisteu
#rmt
#michaelcaine
#imout
#christinelagarde
#votebrexit
#itexit
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#grassroots_out#gogogo
#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis
#britex
#nevergoingtohappen
#americans
#britian
#shameful
#eupropaganda
#chester
#winstonchurchill
#undemocratic
#takecontrolday
#swexit
#osborne's
#wmd
#neilkinnock
#tuc
#hillaryclinton
#freebritain
#britexit
#bbcnewschannel
#country
#remains
#terror
#brexitthemovie
#votetrump
#failed
#workers
#disgraceful
#godsavethequeen
#people
#africans
#goglobal
#proudtobebritish
#kinnock
#superstate
#brexitfears
#sarahwollaston
#remainians
#mega
#yeswecan
#followus
#laws
#hull
#caerphilly
#womenforbritain
#pm's
#biased
##voteleave
#globalism
#pleasevoteleave
#votetrade
#leaves
#schools
#dday
#ert
#battleforbritain
#bebraveboris
#remainiacs
#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen
#remainiac
#saferout #june23rd
#23rdjune
#movie
#islamist
#gagged
#freshstart
#no2ttip
#proud
#andrewneil
#georgesoros
#jun23
#dennisskinner
#bbcaskthis
#dogs
#heath
#eusuperstate
#overregulation
#newport
#remain'ers
#exitpoll
#ger
#totalitarian
#wewantourfishback
#brexitclub#giselastuart
#goactionday
#savebritain
#belfastgo
#aylesbury
#makebritainstrongagain
#43brokenpromises
#nationstates
#fishermen
#labourgo
#gosupersaturday
#newcastlego
#scotlandgo
#workingclass
#carlisle
#businessgo
#andrealeadsom
#askdave
#americafirst
#newportgo
#essexgo
#whyvoteleave
#solcampbell
#bobgeldof
#projectbollox
#ausvotes
#nojunckermail
#dontpatroniseme
#postitback
#battlebus
#auxit
#euspring
#freedomday
#bournemouthgo
#fivepresidents
#fishingforleave
#backofthequeue
#ivoteleave
#specbrexit
#inandout
#mostsincerely
#unitesstatesofeurope
#howtogetacouncilhouse
#euistheproblem
#ontour
#lexitthemovie
#petsforbritain
#beleaveinbritain
#votechange
#fathersday
#votedleave#voteremain's
#dalailama
#dogs4britain
#projectreasonable
#eusupertroughcommissioners
#immigratiion
#itvreferendum
#catsforbrexit
#brexitexpress
#nir#pride2016
#worldouroyster
#dutchforbrexit
#lbclive
#2016escapefromeu
#lordguthrie
#lovevinyl
#baronesswarsi
#dogsforbrexit
#imwithyou
#brexitpassion#going2win
#wevegotourcountryback
#invokearticle50
#nowaymay
#andrealeadsom4leader
#leadsom4leader
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Hashtag Networks (Leave, debate)
#leaveeu
#german
#stoptheeu
#beleave
#isis#syria
#votetoleave
#grexit
#voteno
#twibbon#noeu
#believeinbritain
#biasedbbc
#tcot#pjnet
#bluehand
#timetoleave
#freedom
#stopislam
#whitegenocide
#ccot
#leavetheeu
#jpmorgan
#leave.eu
#davidcameron
#loughborough
#rape
#referendum#strongerout
#euarmy
#auspol
#rt#liberty
#fb
#british#ww2
#muslims
#out
#germans
#blog
#holland
#hungary
#juncker
#makebritaingreatagain
#mp
#greece #nexit
#sovereignty
#snpout
#trumptrain
#georgeosborne
#traitor
#rapefugees#scam
#libya
#wrongthenwrongnow
#loveeuropeleaveeu
#banislam
#trump2016
#deutschland
#christians
#lbc
#usa
#irexit
#dodgydave
#greatbritain
#juniordoctorsstrike
#epicfail
#closeborders
#belgium
#freespeech
#grassrootsout
#spexit
#tusc
#commonwealth
#outoftouch
#love#peace #austria
#european
#jeremycorbyn
#merkel's
#liblabcon
#catalonia
#fascist
#banksters
#police
#winning
#nottip
#voteleaveeu
#liar
#great
#wakeupamerica
#mandelson
#frexit
#establishment
#union
#david_cameron
#invasion
#gravytrain
#left
#tonybenn
#unitedstatesofeurope
#imleavebecause
#erdogan
#angelamerkel
#cameronout
#tonyblair
#nicolasturgeon
#savethenhs
#cameronmustgo
#nwo
#portugal
#africa
#junker
#disgrace
#islamic
#socialism
#we #jeanclaudejuncker
#erm
#politicians
#denmark
#israel
#justice
#sky
#leaveeuofficial
#vote_leave
#war#ww3
#questiontime
#wewantout
#corrupt
#dictatorship
#wewantourcountryback#maidstone
#nickymorgan
#teamnigel
#itv
#outofeu
#control
#nickclegg
#corruption
#poverty
#9
#efdd
#dexit
#bexit
#feelthebern
#labour's
#french
#remainers#edmiliband
#nz
#britainout
#dejavu
#timetogo
#davidcameron's
#bordercontrol
#victory
#stopttip
#czexit
#family
#globalbritain
#turkish
#kent
#votedemocracy
#goldmansachs#betterout
#powertothepeople
#revolution
#4
#peoplepower
#sayno2eu
#terrorists
#fixit
#fascisteu
#rmt
#michaelcaine
#imout
#christinelagarde
#votebrexit
#itexit
#makeamericagreatagain
#voteleavetakecontrol
#grassroots_out#gogogo
#geldof#ukindependenceday#housingcrisis
#britex
#nevergoingtohappen
#americans
#britian
#shameful
#eupropaganda
#chester
#winstonchurchill
#undemocratic
#takecontrolday
#swexit
#osborne's
#wmd
#neilkinnock
#tuc
#hillaryclinton
#freebritain
#britexit
#bbcnewschannel
#country
#remains
#terror
#brexitthemovie
#votetrump
#failed
#workers
#disgraceful
#godsavethequeen
#people
#africans
#goglobal
#proudtobebritish
#kinnock
#superstate
#brexitfears
#sarahwollaston
#remainians
#mega
#yeswecan
#followus
#laws
#hull
#caerphilly
#womenforbritain
#pm's
#biased
##voteleave
#globalism
#pleasevoteleave
#votetrade
#leaves
#schools
#dday
#ert
#battleforbritain
#bebraveboris
#remainiacs
#veterans#hillary#londonhasfallen
#remainiac
#saferout #june23rd
#23rdjune
#movie
#islamist
#gagged
#freshstart
#no2ttip
#proud
#andrewneil
#georgesoros
#jun23
#dennisskinner
#bbcaskthis
#dogs
#heath
#eusuperstate
#overregulation
#newport
#remain'ers
#exitpoll
#ger
#totalitarian
#wewantourfishback
#brexitclub#giselastuart
#goactionday
#savebritain
#belfastgo
#aylesbury
#makebritainstrongagain
#43brokenpromises
#nationstates
#fishermen
#labourgo
#gosupersaturday
#newcastlego
#scotlandgo
#workingclass
#carlisle
#businessgo
#andrealeadsom
#askdave
#americafirst
#newportgo
#essexgo
#whyvoteleave
#solcampbell
#bobgeldof
#projectbollox
#ausvotes
#nojunckermail
#dontpatroniseme
#postitback
#battlebus
#auxit
#euspring
#freedomday
#bournemouthgo
#fivepresidents
#fishingforleave
#backofthequeue
#ivoteleave
#specbrexit
#inandout
#mostsincerely
#unitesstatesofeurope
#howtogetacouncilhouse
#euistheproblem
#ontour
#lexitthemovie
#petsforbritain
#beleaveinbritain
#votechange
#fathersday
#votedleave#voteremain's
#dalailama
#dogs4britain
#projectreasonable
#eusupertroughcommissioners
#immigratiion
#itvreferendum
#catsforbrexit
#brexitexpress
#nir#pride2016
#worldouroyster
#dutchforbrexit
#lbclive
#2016escapefromeu
#lordguthrie
#lovevinyl
#baronesswarsi
#dogsforbrexit
#imwithyou
#brexitpassion#going2win
#wevegotourcountryback
#invokearticle50
#nowaymay
#andrealeadsom4leader
#leadsom4leader
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Hashtag Networks (Remain)
#ukip
#putin
#forex
#trading
#ukip's
#health
#fx
#gbp #sterling
#betteroffin#ids#grayling
#labourinforbritain
#ft
#bnp
#yes2eu
#eureform
#fracking
#euwargames
#farage
#chaos
#ukineu
#yestoeu
#money
#voteleave's
#brexit's
#climatechange
#edinburgh
#fintech
#market
#eupol
#euco
#gbpusd#boe
#property
#tories#greens
#bbcr4today
#gdp
#growth
#fed
#investment
#ukpolitics
#smes
#startups
#eusummit
#stay#nobrexit
#pound
#oil
#fmqs
#solidarity
#gibraltar
#labourdoorstep
#scotland's
#young
#notinmyname
#india
#stayin#dontwalkaway
#belfast
#betterin
#tech
#fail
#lepen
#edl
#migrationeu
#uktostay
#employment #expats
#ukref
#cornwall
#climate
#energy
#bettertogether
#smallbusiness
#irony
#johnson
#echr
#farright
#traitors
#libdemfightback
#brexiters
#bollocks
#racism
#freemovement
#londonmayor2016
#gove
#expat
#food
#proeu
#science#usd
#xenophobia
#anothereurope
#research
#humanrights
#environment
#london's
#infacts
#justasking
#asia
#bre
#ford
#ep
#sme
#gold
#libdem
#murdoch
#facepalm
#birmingham
#devon
#glastonbury
#live
#brighton
#cambridge
#strongertogether
#patriot
#saferin
#investors
#football
#leavers
#federalism
#eplenary
#euref's
#recession
#disaster
#startup
#periscope
#trafford
#sheffield
#yourvotematters
#gameofthrones
#liverpool
#nigel
#britin
#meps
#register
#strongerineurope#unisforeu
#bankofengland
#oxford#disabled
#chevents #registertovote
#stronger#leavechaos
#erasmus
#cleanair
#bias
#farage's#altrincham
#scotnight
#europeanparliament
#studentsin
#exeter
#remainin
#express
#hopenothate
#galloway
#plymouth
#bojo
#brexitrisks
#yellen
#economists
#borisjohnson's
#brexitfacts
#oecd
#healthierin
#olsx
#thelastleg
#gove's
#glastonbury2016
#swindon
#brexit'eers
#euref2
#conservativesin
#europeday
#iwd2016
#ifs
#lsebrexitvote
#100days
#hillsborough
#hugabrit
#britsdontquit
#torybrexit
#leave's
#brusselsattack
#brusselsattacks
#leavelies
#panamapapers#panamaleaks
#dutchreferendum
#bpoplive
#yourfutureyourvote
#corbynout
#brexitplan
#isl
#notmyvote
#youcantmissit
#readytovote
#blunderbus#generationeuvote
#regrexit
#europaleaguefinal
#turnup
#wejustdontknow
#brexitbritain
#votebeaver
#votedremain
#bregret
#nhssaferin
#bigin
#makefaragehistory
#moreincommon
#whathavewedone
#iamaneumigrant
#engisl
#engice
#londonstays
#postrefracism
![Page 48: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Hashtag Networks (Remain, economic concerns)
#ukip
#putin
#forex
#trading
#ukip's
#health
#fx
#gbp #sterling
#betteroffin#ids#grayling
#labourinforbritain
#ft
#bnp
#yes2eu
#eureform
#fracking
#euwargames
#farage
#chaos
#ukineu
#yestoeu
#money
#voteleave's
#brexit's
#climatechange
#edinburgh
#fintech
#market
#eupol
#euco
#gbpusd#boe
#property
#tories#greens
#bbcr4today
#gdp
#growth
#fed
#investment
#ukpolitics
#smes
#startups
#eusummit
#stay#nobrexit
#pound
#oil
#fmqs
#solidarity
#gibraltar
#labourdoorstep
#scotland's
#young
#notinmyname
#india
#stayin#dontwalkaway
#belfast
#betterin
#tech
#fail
#lepen
#edl
#migrationeu
#uktostay
#employment #expats
#ukref
#cornwall
#climate
#energy
#bettertogether
#smallbusiness
#irony
#johnson
#echr
#farright
#traitors
#libdemfightback
#brexiters
#bollocks
#racism
#freemovement
#londonmayor2016
#gove
#expat
#food
#proeu
#science#usd
#xenophobia
#anothereurope
#research
#humanrights
#environment
#london's
#infacts
#justasking
#asia
#bre
#ford
#ep
#sme
#gold
#libdem
#murdoch
#facepalm
#birmingham
#devon
#glastonbury
#live
#brighton
#cambridge
#strongertogether
#patriot
#saferin
#investors
#football
#leavers
#federalism
#eplenary
#euref's
#recession
#disaster
#startup
#periscope
#trafford
#sheffield
#yourvotematters
#gameofthrones
#liverpool
#nigel
#britin
#meps
#register
#strongerineurope#unisforeu
#bankofengland
#oxford#disabled
#chevents #registertovote
#stronger#leavechaos
#erasmus
#cleanair
#bias
#farage's#altrincham
#scotnight
#europeanparliament
#studentsin
#exeter
#remainin
#express
#hopenothate
#galloway
#plymouth
#bojo
#brexitrisks
#yellen
#economists
#borisjohnson's
#brexitfacts
#oecd
#healthierin
#olsx
#thelastleg
#gove's
#glastonbury2016
#swindon
#brexit'eers
#euref2
#conservativesin
#europeday
#iwd2016
#ifs
#lsebrexitvote
#100days
#hillsborough
#hugabrit
#britsdontquit
#torybrexit
#leave's
#brusselsattack
#brusselsattacks
#leavelies
#panamapapers#panamaleaks
#dutchreferendum
#bpoplive
#yourfutureyourvote
#corbynout
#brexitplan
#isl
#notmyvote
#youcantmissit
#readytovote
#blunderbus#generationeuvote
#regrexit
#europaleaguefinal
#turnup
#wejustdontknow
#brexitbritain
#votebeaver
#votedremain
#bregret
#nhssaferin
#bigin
#makefaragehistory
#moreincommon
#whathavewedone
#iamaneumigrant
#engisl
#engice
#londonstays
#postrefracism
![Page 49: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Hashtag Networks (Remain, parties and political figures)
#ukip
#putin
#forex
#trading
#ukip's
#health
#fx
#gbp #sterling
#betteroffin#ids#grayling
#labourinforbritain
#ft
#bnp
#yes2eu
#eureform
#fracking
#euwargames
#farage
#chaos
#ukineu
#yestoeu
#money
#voteleave's
#brexit's
#climatechange
#edinburgh
#fintech
#market
#eupol
#euco
#gbpusd#boe
#property
#tories#greens
#bbcr4today
#gdp
#growth
#fed
#investment
#ukpolitics
#smes
#startups
#eusummit
#stay#nobrexit
#pound
#oil
#fmqs
#solidarity
#gibraltar
#labourdoorstep
#scotland's
#young
#notinmyname
#india
#stayin#dontwalkaway
#belfast
#betterin
#tech
#fail
#lepen
#edl
#migrationeu
#uktostay
#employment #expats
#ukref
#cornwall
#climate
#energy
#bettertogether
#smallbusiness
#irony
#johnson
#echr
#farright
#traitors
#libdemfightback
#brexiters
#bollocks
#racism
#freemovement
#londonmayor2016
#gove
#expat
#food
#proeu
#science#usd
#xenophobia
#anothereurope
#research
#humanrights
#environment
#london's
#infacts
#justasking
#asia
#bre
#ford
#ep
#sme
#gold
#libdem
#murdoch
#facepalm
#birmingham
#devon
#glastonbury
#live
#brighton
#cambridge
#strongertogether
#patriot
#saferin
#investors
#football
#leavers
#federalism
#eplenary
#euref's
#recession
#disaster
#startup
#periscope
#trafford
#sheffield
#yourvotematters
#gameofthrones
#liverpool
#nigel
#britin
#meps
#register
#strongerineurope#unisforeu
#bankofengland
#oxford#disabled
#chevents #registertovote
#stronger#leavechaos
#erasmus
#cleanair
#bias
#farage's#altrincham
#scotnight
#europeanparliament
#studentsin
#exeter
#remainin
#express
#hopenothate
#galloway
#plymouth
#bojo
#brexitrisks
#yellen
#economists
#borisjohnson's
#brexitfacts
#oecd
#healthierin
#olsx
#thelastleg
#gove's
#glastonbury2016
#swindon
#brexit'eers
#euref2
#conservativesin
#europeday
#iwd2016
#ifs
#lsebrexitvote
#100days
#hillsborough
#hugabrit
#britsdontquit
#torybrexit
#leave's
#brusselsattack
#brusselsattacks
#leavelies
#panamapapers#panamaleaks
#dutchreferendum
#bpoplive
#yourfutureyourvote
#corbynout
#brexitplan
#isl
#notmyvote
#youcantmissit
#readytovote
#blunderbus#generationeuvote
#regrexit
#europaleaguefinal
#turnup
#wejustdontknow
#brexitbritain
#votebeaver
#votedremain
#bregret
#nhssaferin
#bigin
#makefaragehistory
#moreincommon
#whathavewedone
#iamaneumigrant
#engisl
#engice
#londonstays
#postrefracism
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Retweet NetworksTheTwitterObservatoryChrisSnowden,DrDavidBirch
DataScienceInstituteImperialCollegeLondon
DataKindlyProvidedbyProfKenBenoit
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Retweet NetworksVisualAnalyticstoolsforExploringTwitter
• WeusetheKPMGDataObservatorya64screenimmersivevisualisationenvironment• Tocreateanimmersivesocialdiscussionenvironmentdrivenbydata.• Interactivequeriescanberunonthedataanddisplayedinrealtimetosupportmulti-disciplinarydiscussion• 132millionpixelsallowsustodisplayhugeamountsofdatafordetaileddiscussion
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Retweet NetworksMostmentionedusers
MostpopularHashtags
Mostpopulartweeters
Mostoriginaltweets
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Communitydetection
Leave(red)Remain(purple)
SeveralcommunitiesofleaversOnlyonestrongremaincommunity
Clear“echochamber”ofleavers
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Sentiment Analysis
• Looks up terms from the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, a psychological dictionary
• Contains categories about: • positive and negative emotion • politics • power • quantitative language • tentative language • sadness • future v. past orientation
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example: “reward” language
![Page 56: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
Reward Language
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Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2
Positive v. Negative Emotion Language
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Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.0000 0.0005 0.0010 0.0015 0.0020
Sad Language
![Page 59: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Leave
Neutral
Remain
−0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0.0
Future v. Past Language
![Page 60: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
Tentative Language
![Page 61: LSE Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit … Works: Department of Methodology The Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction? Professor](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020315/5aaa77cb7f8b9a72188e496f/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.000 0.005 0.010
Power Language
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Leave
Neutral
Remain
0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
Quantitative Language
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LSE Works: Department of MethodologyThe Brexit Debate through Social Media: deliberative discussion, or deliberate dysfunction?Professor Kenneth BenoitHead, Department of Methodology, LSE(@kenbenoit)
Hashtag for Twitter users: #LSEworks
Professor Sara HoboltChair in European Institutions, European Institute, LSE(@sarahobolt)
Dr Jennifer Jackson PreeceAssociate Professor in Nationalism, European Institute, LSE
Dr Jean-Christophe PlantinChair, LSE(@JCPlantin)