Lrti Case Drug Study

GENERIC NAME/BRAND

NAME

CLASSIFICATION MODE OF ACTION

INDICATION ADVERSEEFFECT

ROUTE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

CETRIZINEAllerTec

Therapeutic: allergy, cold, and cough remedies, antihistamines

Pharmacologic: Histamine Receptor

antagonist

Antagonize the effects of histamine at H1-receptor sites, preventing allergic response. Also has mild bronchodilatory effects and blocks histamine-induced broncho-constriction

Relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release including: seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, Chronic urticaria.

CNS:

dizziness,

drowsiness,

fatigue

CV:

palpitations,

edema

EENT:

pharyngitis

GI: dry mouth,

nausea,

vomiting,

abdominal

distress

Respiratory:

bronchospasm

ORAL Assess allergy symptoms (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, hives) before and periodi-cally during therapy.

Assess lung sounds and character of bronchial se-cretions. Maintain fluid in-take of 15000-2000ml/day to decrease viscosity of se-cretions.

Lab Test Considerations: may cause false-negative result in allergy skin testing.

GENERIC NAME/BRAND NAME




ALBUTEROL

Salbutamol

Bronchodilators : Increase in cyclic-3, 5-adenosine space monophosphate (CAMP), activate kinases, which inhibit the phosphorylation of myosin and decrease intracellular calcium. Decrease intracellular calcium relaxes smooth muscle airways. Relaxation of airway smooth muscle with subsequent bronchodilation

Use as bronchodilator to control and prevent reversible airway obstruction cause by asthma or COPD. Inhalation: use as quick -relief agent for acute bronchospasm and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. PO: use as a long term control agent in patients with chronic/persistent bronchospasm.

CNS: nervous-ness, restless-ness, tremors, headache, in-somnia, hyper-activism in chil-dren.CV: chest pain, hypertension.GI: nausea, vomiting.Endo: hyper-glycemiaF&E: hy-pokalemia

Inhalation Assess lung sounds, pulse, blood pressure be-fore administration and during peak of medica-tion. Note amount, color, and character of sputum produced.

Monitor pulmonary func-tion test before initiating therapy and periodically during therapy to deter-mine effectiveness on medication.

Observe for paradoxical bronchospasm. If condi-tion occurs, with hold medication and notify physician and other health care professional immediately.

PARACET

AMOL

Calpol

AntipyreticsAnalgesics

Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin that acts as the mediators of pain and fever.

MILD

PAIN

&

FEVER

GI: lhepatic failure, hepa-totoxicityGU: renal fail-ureDerm: rashes, irticairaHemat: neu-tropenia

ORAL Monitor VS esp. temp. Assess malnutrition or in-

crease risk for developing hepatotoxicity with chronic use of usual dose of this drug.

Assess overall health sta-tus and alcohol usage be-fore administering parac-etamol.

Assess malnutrition or al-cohol abuse, increase risk for developing hepotoxicity with chronic use of usual dose of this drug.





CEFUROXIMEZinnat

Therapeutic: anti-infective

Pharmacologic: second-generation

cephalosporin

Interferes with bacterial cell- wall synthesis and division by binding to cell wall, causing cell to die. Active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, with expanded activity against gram-negative bacteria. Exhibits minimal immunosuppressant activity.

Moderate to severe infections, including those of skin, bone, joints, urinary or respiratory tract, gynecologic infections, and septicemia.

CNS: headache, hyper activity, hypertoniaGI: pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomitingGU: hematuria, renal dysfunctionHemat: hemorrhage, hemolytic anemiaMetabolic: hyperglycemiaMisc: anaphylaxis, allergic reaction

ORAL Assess for infection (vital signs; appearance of wound, sputum, urine, and stool; WBC) at begin-ning and during therapy.

Before initiating therapy, obtain a history to determine previous use of and reactions to peni-cillines or cephalosporins. Per-son with a negative history of penicillin sensitivity may still have an allergic response.

Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before initiating therapy. First dose may be given before receiving results.

Observe patients for s/s of ana-phylaxis (rash, pruritus, laryn-geal edema, wheezing). Discon-tinue the drug and notify physi-cian or other heath care profes-sional immediately if these symptoms occur. Keep epineph-rine, an antihistamine, and re-suscitation equipment close by in the event of an anaphylactic reaction.

GENERIC NAME/BRAND




NAME

Procaterol HCl

Meptin

adrenergics

beta-2-adrenoreceptor

agonists

Inhibit the phosphorylation of myosin and decrease intracellular calcium. Decrease intracellular calcium relaxes smooth muscle airways. Relaxation of airway smooth muscle with subsequent bronchodilation

Relief of dyspnea and other symptoms caused by respiratory obstructive disturbance in the following diseases: bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary emphysema.

Palpitation, tachycardia. Tremor, headache & dull headache. Nausea, vom-iting.

oral1. Careful Administration (Meptin® should be administered with care in the following patients.) a. Patients with hyperthyroidism (the disease may be exacerbated.) b. Patients with hypertension (Blood pressure may further increase.) c. Patients with heart disease (Palpi-tation, arrhythmias, exacerbation of heart disease, and other symptoms may occur.) d. Patients with diabetes mellitus (The disease may be exacerbated.) e. Patients during pregnancy or sus-pected pregnancy (See Use during Pregnancy or Lactation section.)

a. If the desired therapeutic effect of Meptin® syrup has not been achieved at the recommended dose, the drug should be discontinued b. Continuous administration of ex-cessive amounts of this drug may cause cardiac arrhythmia and car-diac arrest. Special care should therefore be taken not to exceed the recommended dose of this drug.

Lrti Case Drug Study

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