Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience
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Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience Francisco Sancho
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Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience. Francisco Sancho. Costa Rica should set a LEDS. C-Neutrality (vision) should become a conductive strategy (action): Roadmap for the different sectors - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience
Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action
Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience
Francisco Sancho
C-Neutrality (vision) should become a conductive strategy (action): Roadmap for the different sectors
Several development and CC initiatives are converging with LEDS, but with a dispersion of public and private efforts
LEDS approach can catalyze, enhance and create synergy in public and private investment, financing and international cooperation
Costa Rica should set a LEDS
The country has not a low emission development pattern in key sectors
Costa Rica should set a LEDS
Total GEIs Emissions 2005 (Millions of MT of CO2e)
Source: Instituto Meteorológico Nacional, MINAET. 2009
Source 2005 % Energy 5.688.600 46%Agriculture 4.603.900 37%Industry 672.500 5%Waste Management 1.320.900 11%
Sub Total 12.285.900
Land Use Chance and Forestry -3.506.700 -29%
Total 8.779.200
Increasing emissions in power sector
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Combustibles Fósiles Electricidad Otros Desechos Sólidos
CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuels
Source: NEEDS
Projected emission increases mostly on fossil fuels
Fuel consumption and GDP
Fuente: Elaboración propia con datos de la DSE y el BCCR
Projected growth pattern linked to increase in fossil fuels consumption
Challenge to electric sector 95% of generation and 80% of installed power is a
renewable park Since 2033 hydroelectric potential depletion,
requiring alternative renewable sources Projected electricity demand and supply by type of source
Source: MINAET-DSE
Emissions of Equivalent CO2 in Agriculture and Cattle
66% of N2O emission related to banana, sugar and coffee40% of total emission related to cattle
Construction Based on Cement and Iron Industry with Low Use of wood
90% of construction based on cement and iron
Culture around these materials Forestry needs to increase wood market
Fixation in forests Fixation in wood
Source: FUNDECOR
LEDS aligns dispersed initiatives
Development goals
Environmental goals
Investment & employment
Technology adoption
Climate and development
related programs
Climate change finance
Sustainable growth
Strong leadership: government priority with national entities and stakeholders commitment to action:◦ Local champions and a strong team◦ Stakeholder engagement (planning, analysis, requirements,
ownership and consensus)◦ Capacity building ◦ Sharing of approaches and experiences
Study to identifying base lines or reference scenario, future evolution and mitigation options and associated cost for low carbon emission scenario (bottom-up approach)
Flexible (learning-by-doing) framework in adapting to a variety of sectoral conditions (coordination, regulatory capacity, resource availability, level of political support, private sector investment)
LEDS Designing Process
Effective integration of programs from national institutions, private sector, NGOs and international agencies
Integration of CC initiatives: ◦ National Economic, Environment and Development Study
(NEEDS)◦ Market Readiness (PMR)◦ Technology Needs Assessments (TNA)◦ Reducing Emissions from Deforestation
and Forest Degradation (REDD+)◦ Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) ◦ National Adaptation Plans of Actions (NAPAs) ◦ Bilateral programs
LEDS Design Process
Development of low-emissions strategies with concrete economic and social benefits◦ Effective plans with policy framework to establish an enabling
environment◦ Capacity building programs◦ Strategy for technology transference◦ Conducting a barrier analysis and removal strategy◦ Providing the necessary cohesive institutional arrangements◦ Setting concrete results (metrics and MRV scheme) ◦ Assess financing needs and design financial architecture◦ Continual monitoring ◦ Feedback and refinement
Setting the Strategy
Marginal Abatement Costs
Fuente: NEEDS
Emissions under BAU and mitigation measures
Costa Rica requires a LEDS approach to streamline initiatives around CC and development
