Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clarkand Lewis and Clark

By Ms. WebertBy Ms. Webert

IntroductionIntroduction

Between 1800 and 1803, three Between 1800 and 1803, three nations owned Louisiana-Spain until nations owned Louisiana-Spain until 1800, France until 1803, and the 1800, France until 1803, and the United States, purchasing it for 15 United States, purchasing it for 15 millionmillion

The Louisiana Purchase more than The Louisiana Purchase more than doubled the size of the United States, doubled the size of the United States, transforming the colony of Louisiana transforming the colony of Louisiana and its new country and its new country

ObjectivesObjectives

Understand the Louisiana Purchase Understand the Louisiana Purchase and what leaders played a partand what leaders played a part

Understand the Lewis and Clark Understand the Lewis and Clark expedition by watching a videoexpedition by watching a video

NapoleonNapoleon

NapoleonNapoleon

In the European country of France, the In the European country of France, the French Revolution led to many French Revolution led to many changeschanges

Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in France and crowned himself the France and crowned himself the “emperor of France”“emperor of France”

He had a strong desire to conquer all He had a strong desire to conquer all of Europe, placing those loyal to him of Europe, placing those loyal to him as the leaders of conquered nationsas the leaders of conquered nations

He also wanted to gain back land in He also wanted to gain back land in North AmericaNorth America

NapoleonNapoleon Napoleon first Napoleon first

wanted to take wanted to take back Saint-back Saint-Domingue (Haiti) Domingue (Haiti) from Toussaint from Toussaint L’Ouverture-L’Ouverture-renamed Haitirenamed Haiti

He needed Haiti as He needed Haiti as a resupply point a resupply point between France between France and Louisianaand Louisiana

NapoleonNapoleon

Napoleon wanted Louisiana as a base Napoleon wanted Louisiana as a base for his military operations in North for his military operations in North AmericaAmerica

Napoleon pressured Spain to transfer Napoleon pressured Spain to transfer Louisiana back to France in the Treaty Louisiana back to France in the Treaty of Ildefonsoof Ildefonso

In 1802, Napoleon sent over 20,000 In 1802, Napoleon sent over 20,000 troops to Haiti. These troops were troops to Haiti. These troops were defeated because of yellow fever and defeated because of yellow fever and guerrilla warfareguerrilla warfare

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

“There is on the globe one single spot, the possessor of which is our natural and habitual enemy. It is New Orleans.” - Thomas Jefferson

NapoleonNapoleon Napoleon couldn’t risk losing any more troops Napoleon couldn’t risk losing any more troops

in Haiti because he needed them for his war in Haiti because he needed them for his war with Great Britainwith Great Britain

Napoleon also needed money to fund his war Napoleon also needed money to fund his war with Great Britainwith Great Britain

Without Haiti , owning Louisiana was useless. Without Haiti , owning Louisiana was useless. He knew that the United States wanted He knew that the United States wanted Louisiana to control the Mississippi River and Louisiana to control the Mississippi River and New OrleansNew Orleans

President Thomas Jefferson wanted New President Thomas Jefferson wanted New OrleansOrleans

Jefferson sent Robert Livingston and James Jefferson sent Robert Livingston and James Monroe to negotiate in Paris, FranceMonroe to negotiate in Paris, France

Negotiations in ParisNegotiations in ParisCharles-Maurice de Talleyrand

Robert Livingston James Monroe

NapoleonNapoleon

To the surprise of the U.S., Napoleon To the surprise of the U.S., Napoleon offered all of the Louisiana territory offered all of the Louisiana territory for 15 million!!for 15 million!!

Livingston and Monroe accepted Livingston and Monroe accepted without the approval of Congresswithout the approval of Congress

The Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase

Problems with new territoryProblems with new territory

The Louisiana Purchase area was very The Louisiana Purchase area was very large and largely unknownlarge and largely unknown

The Spanish system of land claims and The Spanish system of land claims and titles caused problems titles caused problems

Undefined boundaries of the Louisiana Undefined boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase created problems between the Purchase created problems between the U.S. and SpainU.S. and Spain

Spanish Texas and American Territory of Spanish Texas and American Territory of Orleans disputed the area near the Sabine Orleans disputed the area near the Sabine RiverRiver

Aaron Burr ConspiracyAaron Burr Conspiracy

Aaron Burr was a former vice Aaron Burr was a former vice president of the U.S.president of the U.S.

He lost political influence when he He lost political influence when he killed Alexander Hamilton in a duelkilled Alexander Hamilton in a duel

He plotted with the Spanish He plotted with the Spanish government to incite a rebellion government to incite a rebellion against the French settlers in against the French settlers in LouisianaLouisiana

In return, he hoped to gain is own In return, he hoped to gain is own empire in the southern U.S.empire in the southern U.S.

Governor Wilkinson turned Burr inGovernor Wilkinson turned Burr in

Solutions to the Problems with Solutions to the Problems with new territorynew territory

President Jefferson sent out President Jefferson sent out expeditions to map the unknown expeditions to map the unknown territoryterritory

In 1806, Spain and the United States In 1806, Spain and the United States set up a neutral zone between the set up a neutral zone between the Sabine River and the Calcasieu RiverSabine River and the Calcasieu River

West Florida West Florida

West Florida (southern part of Mississippi West Florida (southern part of Mississippi and Alabama) was not included in the and Alabama) was not included in the Louisiana Purchase, it remained SpanishLouisiana Purchase, it remained Spanish

West Florida included the part of the state West Florida included the part of the state on the east side of the Mississippi River on the east side of the Mississippi River today called “the Florida Parishes”today called “the Florida Parishes”

For a very brief period, West Florida was For a very brief period, West Florida was an independent nation. In 1810, the U.S. an independent nation. In 1810, the U.S. annexed the area (annex means to add)annexed the area (annex means to add)

Great Slave Uprising of Great Slave Uprising of 1811 1811

After the Louisiana Purchase, Louisiana’s After the Louisiana Purchase, Louisiana’s economy improved and plantations greweconomy improved and plantations grew

More slaves were brought into Louisiana, More slaves were brought into Louisiana, increasing tensionsincreasing tensions

A major slave uprising occurred near A major slave uprising occurred near present-day town or Norco in St. Charles present-day town or Norco in St. Charles ParishParish

The leaders of the revolt organized the The leaders of the revolt organized the escaping slaves into companies complete escaping slaves into companies complete with officers. They had no weapons except with officers. They had no weapons except those they had made from farm toolsthose they had made from farm tools

The revolt was unsuccessful and the The revolt was unsuccessful and the leaders of the rebellion were killed and leaders of the rebellion were killed and their heads displayed on polestheir heads displayed on poles

Divided in TwoDivided in Two The Louisiana Purchase was such a large The Louisiana Purchase was such a large

amount of land that Congress divided amount of land that Congress divided the area into two territoriesthe area into two territories

General James Wilkinson became General James Wilkinson became governor of the area north of the 33governor of the area north of the 33rdrd parallel which was named the District of parallel which was named the District of LouisianaLouisiana

The District of Louisiana had its capital The District of Louisiana had its capital at Saint Louisat Saint Louis

William C. C. Claiborne was appointed William C. C. Claiborne was appointed governor of the area south of the 33governor of the area south of the 33rdrd parallel (present-day Louisiana) known parallel (present-day Louisiana) known as the Territory of Orleansas the Territory of Orleans

Divided in TwoDivided in Two

Gov. Claiborne

Gov. WilkinsonDistrict of Louisiana

Territory of Orleans

Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark President Thomas Jefferson needed to President Thomas Jefferson needed to

know the geography of the Louisiana know the geography of the Louisiana Purchase territory and also wanted to Purchase territory and also wanted to find the “North West Passage” to the find the “North West Passage” to the Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

He hired his secretary, Meriwether He hired his secretary, Meriwether LewisLewis

Lewis asked his friend, William Clark, to Lewis asked his friend, William Clark, to helphelp

Meriwether Lewis & William Meriwether Lewis & William ClarkClark

Two goalsTwo goalsMap LouisianaMap LouisianaFind Northwest Find Northwest Passage and water Passage and water route to the Pacificroute to the Pacific

Lewis and Clark ExpeditionLewis and Clark Expedition

Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark They depart St. Louis on their “corps of They depart St. Louis on their “corps of

discovery” on August 31, 1803discovery” on August 31, 1803 Arrive back on September 23, 1806Arrive back on September 23, 1806 Watch Video!!!!!!!!!!!!Watch Video!!!!!!!!!!!!

Questions??????Questions??????

All material, including the power All material, including the power point information and the video are point information and the video are testable.testable.