Lotus Temple -Literature Study

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otus Temple, Del

LITERATURE STUDY - 1


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INTRODUCTION

On an average, 8,000 to 10,000 people visit the Bahai House of Worship each day. These visitors

have admired its universal design in the form of a lotus and have een fascinated y the Teachings ofthe Bah !aith, especially its tenets of the Oneness of "od, the Oneness of #eligions, and the Oneness

of $an%ind.

BUILDING TYPE& #eligious 'enter ( $editation 'enter) BUILDING USE& *ulic uilding ARCHITECT +!arior -aha

LOCATION&e/ elhi, ndia YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION - 1986 AREA- 105,000 m HEIGHT- 40 meters MATERIAL -Marble

NEW DELHI

-ince its inauguration to pulic /orshipand visits in ecemer 1283, the Baha4i

House of Worship %no/n as 5The 6otus Temple in e/ elhi, ndia has dra/n to its portals more

than 70 million visitors, ma%ing it one of the most visited edifices in the /orld.

Built as per te m!"er# ar$ite$tural st%le, L!tus temple represe#ts sere#it%,arm!#%, tra#&uilit% a#" $alm'

(is buil"i#) represe#ts te Baa*i +ait !r te Baa*i $ulture, a# i#"epe#"e#t


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(e mai# buil"i#) is eleate" !# a i) pli#tit steps lea"i#) t! it'

It is surr!u#"e" b% small p!#"s it ater i#!r"er t! mai#tai# te $limati$ $!#"iti!#s iti#

te buil"i#)' (is als! elps i# te aesteti$appeara#$e !+ te buil"i#) as ell' (is as base" !# te $!#$ept !+ te l!tus tat

)r! !# te ater b!"%' He#$e te +!rm als!represe#ts te same'

(is e#tire area als! $!#sist !+ !ter publi$buil"i#)s su$ as te librar%, a"mi#istrati!#buil"i#), et$'

t has een recognied throughout the /orld for its one+of+a+%ind, petal+shaped design, the 6otus

Temple, is an icon oth for architect !arior -ahas a/ard+/inning design and its home to

multiple religions. The architectural rilliance includes 97 free+standing marle clad :petals;

arranged in clusters of three to form nine sides, /ith nine separate entrances to a grand hall/ay.

(is m!#ume#tal stru$ture is mar.e" b% te e#tr% tr!u) te mesmeri/i#)

)ar"e#s al!#) te stret$ !+ te r!a" i$ lea"s t! te L!tus (emple itsel+'


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6otus flo/er signifies purity and

peace. This symol give a modern andcontemporary form in the structure of

the temple dra/ing into its sanctum,

the people from different races, culture

and religion from all around the /orld.

CONCEPT THE LOTUS

The uilding follo/s the form of the lotus petals

and the pond signifies the /ater ody that thelotus gro/s in.


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SITE PLAN


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COMPONENTS OF THE STRUCTURE:

$ain uilding consisting of

Basement

Three groups of ine shells springing from the podium

oule layered nterior dome

ine arches

ine ponds

Wal%/ays


7/13PLAN OF LOTUS TEMPLE


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CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES :

T/enty+reinforced concrete structures shaped petals, covered in marle, /ere

arranged in groups of three, to realie their nine faces.

The surfaces that create the shell on oth sides of the ridge inlet and the outer

leaves are formed from spheres of different radii /ith their centers located at

different points /ithin the uilding. s a set of fields for entry lades, some of

/hich define and other interior surfaces defining the e=terior surfaces of the shells.The diameters of the spheres are set to meet structural consideration of variale

thic%ness of the petals.

The construction of the 6otus temple egan in stages. The architect, !arior

-aha, egan designing the Temple in 1273. The construction of the temple /as

completed in 1283.

The 6otus temple reaches a height of more than >0m. One can see 97 giant /hite

petals of marle in a lotus shape, 91,000 running meters (interior and e=terior) of

area in slopes and curves re?uiring sealing, springing from nine pools and

/al%/ays indicative of the nine unifying spiritual paths of the Bahais faith.


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The surfaces that create the shell on oth sides of the ridge inlet and the outer leaves are formed

from spheres of different radii /ith their centers located at different points /ithin the uilding.

To the outer leaves, the shell is uniform, 1.@@ m thic% to/ards the ottom and to/ards the top

end 9.AAm.

The outer leaf area entrance to the temple is 1A,>m /ide and 99.Am rises aove the podium, the

interior has 18,9m /ide at the entrance area and rises aove the level 7,8m the podium. $ost of the structural load of the interior space of the temple is supported y nine arcs are deployed

around the central hall, set at angular intervals of >0 .

The shape of these arcs is created y flat, conical and cylindrical surfaces. The intersection of these

surfaces offers interesting contours and greatly enhances the eauty of the arches.

2 arches /ere placed one after the other until the circle /as completed. isassemly of the soffit

of each arch /as made after the adCacent arcs reach the necessary strength.


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$


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The Bahai temple is proaly one of the most special and most distinctive uildings to e uilt in

todays /orld. The structures comple=ity and the high standard of ?uality demanded of the /or%ers meant that

supervision of construction had to e very dynamic and endo/ed /ith an acute capacity to

immediately perceive innovatory processes. The concept has een derived from the lotus flo/er /hich indicates the meaning of Enity. The 6otus petals have een constructed of reinforced /hite concrete and are covered /ith /hite

marle panels. 97 giant marle petals surround the interior space, /ith capacity for 9,A00 people, respecting the

alignments of the Baha4i architecture /ith circular shape. nside is reached through nine ridges

that are out of 2 ponds surrounding the temple and giving access to 2 doors leading to a central

site that reaches >0 meters in height. 2 arches support the entire edifice, enclose the central hall. t is /elcomed through the eautiful gardens that follo/ the $oghul architecture. 6otus temple is a place for all religion /hich helps in attracting the visitors. The temple is uilt of marle, cement and sand. The 97 petals /ere coated /ith marle from #aCasthani $acrana, dolomite cement in mine

Lotus Temple -Literature Study

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