Los verbos TENER y VENIR

TENER(e ie)

Tener means “to have” and is a very common verb to use in the Spanish language.

Tener is irregular. It is a “YO-GO” verb (the yo form ends with “go”) and it is a “low top” boot verb!

TENER (eie)yoyo nosotrosnosotros

tútú vosotrosvosotros

élél

ellaella

Ud.Ud.

ellosellos

ellasellas

UdsUds..

tengo

tienes

tiene

tenemos

tenéis

tienen

Tener is used to tell how old someone is:

(TENER + # + AÑOS):

1.

2.

Yo tengo dieciocho años.

Ellos tienen dos años.

Tener is also used in certain expressions:

Tener hambre

Tener sed

Tener suerte

To be hungry

To be thirsty

To be lucky

More tener expressions:Tener frío

Tener calor

Tener prisa

To be cold

To be hot

To be in a hurry

More tener expressions:Tener ganas de + infinitive

Tener sueño

Tener miedo

To feel like doingsomething

To be sleepy

To be scared

More tener expressions:Tener razón

Tener cuidado

2 +2 = 4

To be right

To be careful

VAMOS A PRACTICAR

Conjugate TENER to match the subject.

1. Luisa y Juan 5. tú

2. Emilia 6. Usted

3. Yo 7. Ustedes

4. Raúl y yo 8. Yo

tienen

tiene

tengo

tenemos

tienes

tiene

tienen

tengo

VENIR = TO COME

(e ie)

VENIR is almost exactly like TENER

VENIR is a “YO-GO” verb and a “low-top” boot verb.

The BIG difference is that TENER is an –ER verb and VENIR is an –IR verb.

VENIR (e ie)YoYo NosotrosNosotros

TúTú VosotrosVosotros

ÉlÉlEllaEllaUd.Ud.

EllosEllosEllasEllasUds.Uds.

vengo

vienes

viene

venimos

venís

vienen

VENIR is typically used with “de” and “a” .

Venir + de =

Venir + a =

to come from

Yo vengo del auditorio.

to come to

Tú vienes al gimnasio.

VAMOS A PRACTICAR

Conjugate the verb VENIR to match each subject:

1. Tú 4. Mis amigas

2. Elena 5. Yo

3. Carmen y yo 6. Usted

vienes

viene

venimos

vienen

vengo

viene

Ser vs. Estar

Las formas y usos en contexto

SER VS. ESTAR

You already know the verb ESTAR. It means “to be”

SER VS. ESTAR

There is another verb in Spanish that means “to be.” It is the verb SER.

SER VS. ESTAR

SER is an irregular verb, just like ESTAR, so you must memorize all its forms.

SER VS. ESTAR

There are certain occasions in which you will use either SER or ESTAR.

Let’s review ESTAR first!

ESTAR

Used for telling LOCATION.

For example:

ESTAR

El libro está en la mesa.

The book is on the table.

Yo estoy en Guatemala.

I am in Guatemala.

ESTAR

Used to tell CONDITION.

For example:

ESTAR

Eduardo está ocupado.

Eduardo is busy.

Ana y Luisa están enfermas.

Ana and Luisa are sick.

TO BE (In English)I am

You are

He

She is

It

We are

They are

ESTARYo estoy

Tú estás

Ud.

Él está

Ella

Nosotros estamos

Vosotros estáis

Uds.

Ellos están

Ellas

Ok, now let’s see whatthe verb SER looks like.Remember, all it’s formsare totally irregular andthey follow NO pattern.You must memorize them!

SERYo soy

Tú eres

Ud.

Él es

Ella

Nosotros somos

Vosotros sois

Uds.

Ellos son

Ellas

SER

Used to tell TIME and DATE.

Son las dos y media.

It is two thirty.

Es el veinte de noviembre.

It is the twentieth of November.

SER

Used to tell NATIONALITY.

For example:

Yo soy americana.

Él es puertorriqueño.

SER

Used to tell WHERE SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IS FROM.

Tú eres de Nicaragua.

Ellas son de Costa Rica.

SER

Used to connect a noun or pronoun to another noun or pronoun.

Eduardo es un hombre.

Coquí y Sultán son gatos.

SER

Used to describe CHARACTERISTICS.

Rebeca es alta.

Enrique y yo somos guapos.

SER

You CANNOT use “un or una” with SER when describing someone’s profession.

Yo soy profesora.

Tú eres estudiante.

Don’t be LoCo! Description

Occupation

Nationality

Time

be

Location

Condition

Don’t be LoCo!

With ser, the descriptions are of something permanent

With estar, the condition is something temporary

Contexts for using ser1. Expressing origin - saying where someone is from

2. Expressing possession - indicating that something belongs to someone (there is no ‘s to denote possession in Spanish)

3. Expressing material - indicating what something is made out of (leather, wood, cotton, etc.)

4. Telling time - indicating the time of day

5. Talking about the location of an event - indicating where something (e.g. concert, meeting, dance) takes place

6. Expressing permanent characteristics – indicating inherent traits that do not result from a change.

Here are a few examples of each context…

Expressing origin1. Julia es de Puerto Rico. Julia is from Puerto Rico.

Expressing possession2. Las mochilas son de los chicos. The backpacks are

the children’s. (Remember there is no ‘s in Spanish)

Expressing material

3. El suéter es de lana. The sweater is made of wool.

Telling time4. Son las ocho y media. It is eight thirty.

Talking about the location of an event

5. El concierto es en el parque. The concert is in the park.

Expressing permanent characteristics

El perro es grande y negro. The dog is big and black.

Contexts for using estar

1. Expressing location. Indicating where something is located or positioned temporarily.

2. Expressing condition. Indicating a state resulting from a change.

3. Expressing the progressive tenses. Indicating that an event is in progress.

Always remember “Location, Condition” when you are trying to remember the contexts for using estar. Again let’s look at some examples.

Location

Los chicos están en la clase. The children are in the class.

Location continuedLas casas están en la ciudad. The houses

are in the city.

Condition

La chica está triste./ The girl is sad.

Present progressive Ellos están jugando al fútbol. / They are playing soccer.

Aqui te toca a ti…/ Your turn…

See if you can predict the correct verb in each sentence.

Click the mouse and the correct form will appear.

¡Buena suerte! /Good luck!

1.Los libros ________ en el escritorio.

Los libros están en el escritorio. The books are on the desk. Location

2.El gato ________ gordo.

El gato es gordo. / The cat is fat. Characteristic

3. La fiesta ________ en el patio.

La fiesta es en el patio. / The party is in the patio.

Location of an event. (Remember indicating the location of an event is different from indicating where something is permanently located.)

4.Los hombres ________ cansados.

Los hombres están cansados./ The men are tired. Condition

5. La blusa ________ de seda.

La blusa es de seda. / The blouse is made of silk. Material

6.El helado ________ de la chica.

El helado es de la chica. /It is the girl’s ice cream. Possession

7. ________ las cinco de la tarde.

Son las cinco de la tarde./ It is five o’clock in the afternoon. Telling time

8. Ellos ________ corriendo.

Ellos están corriendo. /They are running. Present progressive

es

son

están

es

está/es

eres

estoy

está