Logo for Beginners
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Transcript of Logo for Beginners
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Logo for BeginnersBy Chris 9S
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What are control systems A control system uses microprocessors
to control physical conditions. This is used for:
Air condition Central Heating Medical Applications Car Manufacture plants Process Control
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Physical Conditions (or variables) that are controlled by microprocessors are: Temperature Pressure Humidity Light Moisture
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What is Logo? Logo is a simulation of a control system It uses a triangular turtle shape as its
cursor It is a program developed by MIT
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
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Some Basic Commands fd= moves turtle forward e.g. fd 40 bk= moves turtle backward e.g. bk 50 rt= rotates turtle right e.g. rt 70 lt= rotates turtle left e.g. lt 90 pu= pen up pd= pen down
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How to make a square? fd 80 rt 90 fd 80 rt 90 fd 80 rt 90 fd 80 rt 90orrepeat 4 [fd 80 rt 90]
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Repeat Command The repeat command is used when you
want to repeat a structure commands again and again e.g. any polygon
To use ‘repeat’ in logo, you need to know by what angle you need to turn the turtle.
You would need to do 360/(number of sides).
E.g. Hexagon angle= 360/6= 60
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This means that you would do type in: repeat 6 [fd 80 rt 60] Note: don’t use these brackets: () and
{} Always use this bracket: []
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How to draw a circle To draw a circle, you would type: repeat 360 [fd 1 rt 1]
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Procedures A procedure is a single command that
you would type in the command box and it will produce a series of commands to produce a drawing e.g. “house”
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Sub-routine A sub-routine is a series of commands
that you would put in the procedure e.g. circle
The following sub-routines were used to build the house
Small Circle for the knob
Pentagon for the house door
Square for body of house
Triangle for roof
+ + + =
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Variables A Variable is a numeric data that can be
keep on changing e.g. numerical data in a cell in Microsoft Excel.
Variables are useful when they are more or less amount of numbers appear e.g. clients in a cliental list
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Variables in MSWLOGO When using the repeat command in LOGO,
you can change the length of the square without having to keep going to Edall and changing the length
Ex. If you would want to do a square, copu into edall: To square :length repeat 4 [fd :length rt 90] end
To make the square of length 100 you insert “square 100” in the command box
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Where to get MSWLOGO This Website:
http://mswlogo.en.softonic.com/ Its free and virus-free!