SATENDRA,

National Institute of Disaster  Management

LOCATION MAP

INDIABIHAR

Nepal

North Bihar is a network of perennial rivers

Kosi

BIHAR

In last 300 years Kosi has changed its course 16 times (10 of which is shown in this map)

KOSI : THE DANCING RIVER

Begusarai

Barrage

Breach

Patna

Inundated areas

Breach at Kusaha

THE SATELLITE IMAGERIES OF BREACH

18 August breach created this platform

• Breach in Kosi River in Nepal.

• the river effectively changed course - on the day of the highest discharge the flow in new course was 191800 cusecs and only 25744 cusecs in the old course.

• Spread of water in the new course 150 Km long and 15 to 20 Km wide.

• More than 3300. 000 people and their houses spread in 110, 258 ha land fall in the path of the new course.

THE BREACHTHE BREACH

• Name of affected Districts - 5 Districts(Supaul, Madhepura, Saharsa, Araria, Purnia)

• No. of Blocks affected - 35

• No. of Panchayats affected - 407

• No. of villages affected - 980

• Population affected - 3,287,438

• Live Stock affected - 1,249,800

• Area affected in hac - 110,258

• No. of human death - 194

• No. of live stock death - 862

• No. of houses damaged - 329979

RESPONSE

• One of the largest evacuation operations ever.

• 3500 police personnel, more than 5,000 civilian personnel, 35 columns of Army, 4 columns of Navy & 850 NDRF personnel deployed for evacuation.

• More than 1500 country boats (including 828 requisitioned from other districts) and 561 motor boats deployed.

• Each unit made responsible for evacuation from specific panchayats.

Response contd…

• Every willing person evacuated – written reports from Army/NDRF/other units about their areas of responsibility.

• Many people remained on embankment / canal banks/other high ground and refused to be evacuated as they wanted to be near the cattle / village.

• Radio and pamphlets used to educate them on the need to come out – some people still remained

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT & RESCUE OPERATION

SHELTER

• Camps established in School / College buildings and tents - 349 relief camps were set up (438324 inmates on 25th September)

• About 339, 800 persons housed in 254 relief camps.

• A total of 123 camps open in school/college buildings .

• 168 semi permanent camps with G.C sheets erected in 5 districts

GCI Sheet camp under construction

CAMP MANAGEMENT

• Relief camps divided into sectors and sector committees consisting of camp inmates set up.

• Kitchens managed by sector committees with Self Help Groups which look after the preparation and distribution of meals (three meals a day).

• Milk twice a day for kids upto age of 5 years.• Fruits and milk for pregnant and lactating

mothers.

Milk Distribution

Community meal

Camp Management Contd…

• Clothes and utensils being given to each camp inmate (One dhoti / lungi / sari; One towel; clothes for children; One plate and one glass) from Chief Minister’s Relief Fund.

• Money for clothes and utensils will be given from Calamity Relief Fund (CRF) when the inmates return home.

HEALTH :• Health sub centre in each major camp with

doctors on duty round the clock and free medicine.

• Smaller camps covered by mobile teams.• A total of 491 doctors and 1578 paramedical

staff deployed.• Ambulance in each major camp and

earmarked ambulances for group of smaller camps. Total of 108 ambulances deployed.

• Maternity huts in major camps.

Camp Management contd….

• Health check and measles/OPV/TTV Vaccination and Vitamin A supplementation for camp inmates

• One ASHA worker for every 3000 population in Govt. camps – responsible for chlorination of hand pumps, testing water quality and post natal visits for mothers and new born.

• 134 camps covered by fogging teams for vector control

• ICDS centres established in all major camps.

Camp Management contd….

Health Sub-Centre

Health Sub-Centre – Maternity Hut

Maternity Hut:

MONITORING OF NATIONAL DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME IN RELIEF CAMPS

• Special drive launched to screen for TB, Malaria, Kala-azar, Leprosy and Blindness in relief camps.

• 272 camps visited by specially oriented teams so far.•75,887 persons screened for TB, Malaria, Kala-azar, Leprosy•1485 sputum samples tested for T.B, 725 slides tested for malaria and 36,058 cases examined for Leprosy•1321 cases of refractive error and 769 cases of cataract detected

• 3689 temporary toilets constructed.• Cleaning teams and bleaching

powder for all camps.• 2083 hand pumps installed.• 7 purification plants.• Generators & solar lamps for

lighting.

Camp Management contd….

Night view of camp

• Schools set up for children in camps –Presently 56,304 children enrolled

• Skill development programmes in camps.

• Engagement to camp inmates within the camp (camp maintenance; food preparation etc.).

• Instructions to start work under NREGA & Shahari Rojgar Yojana near camps.

• Cultural/sports/yoga activities.

Camp Management contd….

Yoga Classes in camp

Volleyball Match in Camp

• Schools set up for children in camps.

Camp Management contd….

Skill development

Skill development

• 119 kitchens set up for those remaining in the affected areas and refusing to come out.

• Distribution of GR for those not in camps. About 3.36 lacs quintals of grain and INR 10.871 millions in cash distributed.

• Volunteer teams pressed into service for reaching flood affected villages.

• To chlorinate the drinking water sources• Sprinkling of Bleaching Powder for sanitation• Distributing 15 Halozone Tablets to each family, to

be supplemented by additional 30 tablets at the time of foodgrain distribution.

OUTSIDE CAMPS ….

G. R. Distribution

G. R. Distribution

LIVESTOCK257 veterinary centres functional manned by 387 257 veterinary centres functional manned by 387 personnel.personnel.47,430 animals in camps.47,430 animals in camps.321630 animals vaccinated.321630 animals vaccinated.

Restoration of Communications

• Task forces of engineers for each Block.

• One Executive Engineer incharge of each block supported by 3 Assistant Engineers & 4 Junior Engineers.

• Mission – restoring breaches.

Restoration of Communications

Restoration of Communications

Owner Driven Reconstruction (ODR)

Owner driven (people to build with government assistance) process will be successful because:

•Most of the families are construction workers

•They build their own homes

•Owner driven is the only delivery system that can accomplish such a huge housing stock in short time

•Owner Driven reconstruction of homes report the highest satisfaction levels as against Agency/Contractor driven housing

•People build bigger homes with the same allocation of funds

The scheme announced to the Tolas is:

‐Rs  55’000/‐ given  in  bank  accounts  to  the  owners  in  three installments. An incentive of 3000/‐ is available if house completed within 3 months.

‐Rs 20,000/‐ is then made available for Housing Service ( Ecosan  toilet,Drinking water and solarlighting)

‐Rs 25,000/‐ for community infrastructure.

Non negotiable are:Area    of  Construction‐ 14  sqm  to  27sqm  based  on  material   used 

‐Safety‐ minimum  plinth  and  Attic/roof  including  safety  elements based on material used for floods and earthquakes. 

‐Registration of house in joint names.

SCHEME

A technological

Imperative

to ODR

Sand based foundation to resolve the decay of bamboo every year

Technological Up gradation

Water level at 1.2 mts. or

even less in Puraini

Pile Foundation , Puraini

Technological Up gradation

Fixing of pre cast pile by community, Puraini

Technological Up gradation

Working with the local artisans to improvise on the local building techniques

Technological Up gradation

A man secure beams of a house to a post using damaged zippers

•Bamboo Treatment

•R&D for developing

Bamboo Treatment Unit

Bamboo Treatment

Bamboo Treatment

Mobile bamboo treatment

Bamboo Treatment

Exposure visit of house owners

Bank  account  opening at village

People’s Participation

Process

Process

People’s Participation

Process

People’s Participation

Process

People’s Participation

On site sharing

Process

PRA Process with the community

For infrastructure planning

On site sharing

Process

House of Kalia Dev

House of Kalia Dev

House of Kalia Dev

House of Kalia Dev

House of Kalia Dev

House of Kalia Dev, Before

House of Kalia Dev, After

House of Kalia Dev, After

Puraini

Brick house in rat trap bond at Puraini

Thank You