LOCALIZING THE LOCALIZING THE MDGS USING MDGS USING

CBMSCBMS

Celia M. ReyesCBMS Network

ICMDGS

Makati, Philippines

October 19-21, 2011

Outline of Presentation

I. Localizing the MDGs Using CBMS

II. CBMS: Rationale and Key Features

III. Provincial MDG Reports

IV. Concluding Remarks

Meeting the MDGs requires….

A national strong advocacy and sustained action to operationalize the goals and targets at the local level

Vigorous and continuous efforts to raise the level of awareness of leaders and other major stakeholders

Promoting policy and pragmatic interventions to realize the goals and targets

Building on gains and opportunities offered by existing collaboration and evolving partnerships among key stakeholders

MDGs: Issues & Challenges (1)

The MDGs have accelerated demand for data and highlighted limitations in their availability and quality.

A number of countries do not have enough data to track changes in poverty and child malnutrition, and in most countries serious data quality issues exist in measuring maternal mortality and access to water and sanitation. 

Lack of data at the local level to track MDGs Little local awareness of MDGs framework Limited capacity to integrate MDGs into

local planning process Limited capacity to cost and allocate local

budgets to reach MDGs Limited capacity to monitor the MDGs

MDGs: Issues & Challenges (2)

Resource and capacity constraints hamper local government units’ efforts to address the MDGs:

To fast track the achievement of the goals, there is a need to localize the MDGs

The global MDGs provide a development framework in terms of measurable targets

Localizing the MDGs helps in making local development strategies more focused and more strategic

Why “Localize the MDGs”?

Having a local development plan that incorporates MDG targets and corresponding budget allocation for MDG-responsive PPAs

Adopting local policies that facilitate the achievement of the MDGs

Establishing a local monitoring system to benchmark LGU contribution in the attainment of MDG targets and to track down accomplishments vis-à-vis targets

Improving delivery of basic services to ensure achievement of the MDGs

inclusion of accomplishment of MDG targets as one of the performance commitments of the LGUs

What does “Localizing the MDGs” mean?

It is an important way to align MDGs with national long-term planning

MDG should not be a national initiative alone

Local governments are required to provide basic services – education, health, etc. – spectrum that covers many of the MDGs

MDG targets can be used as guide for assessing local situation and establish clear social and human development priorities at the local level

Why Localize the MDGs?

A number of indicators being monitored in the CBMS are included in the indicators for monitoring progress towards the MDGs

CBMS is intended to be done on a regular basis and can therefore be used for updating MDG indicators and facilitating preparation of regular MDG reports

The CBMS can also be used as basis by national and local governments for costing and identifying appropriate interventions needed to achieve the MDGs as well as for resource allocation

Given the large spatial disparities, the CBMS can help identify where focus has to be given to achieve the targets

Why Use CBMS to Localize the MDGs

The CBMS’ role in localizing the MDGs was recognized during an Experts Group Meeting on Localizing the MDGs held on November 28, 2006 at the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) in Bangkok, Thailand

The Committee on Poverty Reduction composed of 24 nations states urged other developing countries to initiate and implement similar innovative systems that would help localize the MDGs.

UN ESCAP Asia Pacific Regional MDG Road Map

In 2008, the UN ESCAP also included the “Localizing the MDGs through CBMS” initiative of the CBMS Network in the list of specific initiatives to be implemented under the regional Millennium Development Goals (MDG) road map.

Enabling Local Policies

DILG MC 2004-152 “Guide to LGU in the Localization of the MDGs dated Nov. 10, 2004 which suggests diagnosis of local situation using local indicator

monitoring system (such as CBMS) to monitor and diagnose the nature and extent of poverty at their level.

use the 13+1 core indicators in order to determine appropriate interventions and focus targeting.

DILG MC 2003-92 “ Policy Guidelines for the Adoption of the Core Local Poverty Indicators (CLPIs) in Planning” The guidelines were meant to aid the LGUs in

assessing and understanding poverty situation and formulation of poverty reduction action plans

CBMS in the Philippines CBMS is implemented by local government units

(LGUs) and intended to complement the national monitoring system.

CBMS methodology and instruments were developed over the years by the CBMS-Philippines Research Team with support from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC)-Canada.

To date, CBMS is being adopted by local government units in 65 provinces (33 of which are province-wide), 764 municipalities and 49 cities covering at least 20,382 barangays in collaboration with the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC), the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), and selected non-government organizations.

Rationale for CBMS Work

Lack of necessary disaggregated data for: Diagnosing extent of poverty at the local level Determining the causes of poverty Formulating appropriate policies and program Identifying eligible beneficiaries Assessing impact of policies and programs

Need for support mechanisms for the implementation of the decentralization policy

Central Issues in Poverty Reduction

1. The who, the where and the why of poverty: identification and targeting of the poor to enhance the effectiveness of anti-poverty initiatives and programs

2. The what and when of anti-poverty programs: identification of interventions/ investments that have the highest impact on poverty

THE WHO, THE WHERE AND THE WHY OF POVERTY: SOME DATA

ISSUES

1. Official statistics are reliable down to the regional and provincial levels only (i.e. the sampling design of many of these surveys provide estimates of the variables only at the regional or at best,provincial level.)

2. The collection of data is few and far in between, and processing adds a few more years so that its usefulness for policy design diminishes.

3. And yet, local government units, under the law, are the front-liners in the fight against poverty and are mandated to assume the primary responsibility for the provision of basic services and facilities and the improvement of the quality of life of their constituents.

Available Sources of

Data

Implementing Agency

Frequency of

Collection

Data Obtained

Family Income and Expenditures Survey (FIES)

NSO Every 3 years Family income and living expenditures and related information affecting income and expenditure levels and patterns in the Philippines including poverty incidence

Annual Poverty Indicator Survey (APIS)

NSO Every year wherein FIES is not conducted

Socioeconomic profiles of families and other information relating to their living conditions but not poverty incidence

National Nutritional Survey (NNS)

FNRI Every 5 years Food situation and nutritional status of the population

Available Sources of

Data

Implementing Agency

Frequency of

Collection

Data Obtained

Census of Population and Housing (CPH)

NSO Every 10 years Size, composition and distribution of population in the Philippines

Functional Literacy, Education and Mass Media Survey (FLEMMS)

NSO Irregular Number of functionally literate population and their socioeconomic characteristics

National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

NSO Every 5 years Demographic, maternal and child health issues in the Philippines

Labor Force Survey (LFS)

NSO Every quarter of the year

Levels and trends of employment, unemployment and underemployment

National

Provincial

Municipal/City

Village/Barangay

Administrative Structure

Information Availability

CBMS can fill the gap

National surveys

CBMS

Decentralization creates new information demands that may be best satisfied with CBMS

CBMS Design

It is designed as an organized process of data collection, processing, validation, and integration of data in the local development processes

A tool intended for improved governance and greater transparency and accountability in resource allocation

CBMS generates a core set of indicators that are being measured to determine the welfare status of the population. These indicators capture the multidimensional aspects of poverty.

CBMS captures simultaneous deprivations for the same household at the same time.

It uses freeware customized for CBMS-data encoding, processing and poverty mapping

Key Features of CBMS

Involves a census of all households in a community

LGU-based while promoting community participation

Taps existing LGU-personnel/community members as monitors

Has a core set of indicators but system is flexible enough to accommodate additional indicators

Establishes database at each geopolitical level

Survival

Security

Enabling

•Health•Food & Nutrition•H20 & Sanitation

•Shelter•Peace & Order

•Income•Employment•Education

1. Child deaths (0-5 yrs. old)2. Women deaths due to pregnancy -related causes 3. Malnourished children (0-5 yrs. old)4. HHs w/o access to safe water5. HHs w/o access sanitary toilet

6. HHs who are squatters7. HHs living in makeshift housing8. HHs victimized by crimes

9. HHs w/income below poverty threshold10. HHs w/income below food threshold11. HHs who experienced food shortage12. Unemployment13. Elementary school participation14. High school participation

CBMS Indicators Dimensions of PovertyCore Indicators

CBMS Core Indicators

CBMS ProcessStep 1

Advocacy / Organization

Step 1Advocacy /

Organization

Step 2Data Collection

and Field Editing

(Training Module 1)

Step 2Data Collection

and Field Editing

(Training Module 1)

Step 4Processing and Poverty Mapping(Training Module 3)

Step 4Processing and Poverty Mapping(Training Module 3)

Step 5Data validation

and Community Consultation

Step 5Data validation

and Community Consultation

Step 7Plan Formulation(Training Module 4)

Step 7Plan Formulation(Training Module 4)

Step 8Dissemination/Implementation

andMonitoring

Step 8Dissemination/Implementation

andMonitoring

Step 3Data Encoding

and Map Digitizing

(Training Module 2)

Step 3Data Encoding

and Map Digitizing

(Training Module 2)

Step 6Knowledge (Database)

Management

Step 6Knowledge (Database)

Management

Sample CBMS Outputs

Saint Peter Street

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ude

Str

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tree

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Jam

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tree

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Saint Francis ExtensionSta. Rita Street

Maricaban Creek

123 out of 326 children 12-15 years old are not attending secondary

school

Households with children 12-15 years who are not in secondary school, Barangay 179, Pasay City

Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who are malnourished, by municipality

Province of Marinduque, 2005

Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who are malnourished, by barangay

Province of Marinduque, 2005

Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who are malnourished, by purok and location of households

Municipality of Torrijos, Marinduque, 2005

Current Uses and Applications of CBMS

Local development planning and budgeting

Monitoring the achievement of the millennium development goals (MDGs)

Poverty diagnosis, design and targeting of interventions

Program impact monitoring Monitoring the impacts of policy

shocks

MDGGoal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty

CBMS Core IndicatorProportion of households with income less than the poverty threshold

Proportion of households with income below the food thresholdProportion of 0-5 year old children who are moderately and severely underweightProportion of households who eat less than 3 full meals a dayProportion of persons who are unemployed

MDGGoal 2: Achieve Universal primary Education

Goal 3: Promote Gender

Equality

Goal 4: Reduce

Child mortality

Core IndicatorProportion of 6-11 year old children who are not in elementary school

Proportion of 12-15 year old children who are not in secondary school

Proportion of 6-16 year old children who are not attending school

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary educationRatio of literate women to men

Proportion of children under 5 years old who died

MDGGoal 5: Improve Maternal Health

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability

Core IndicatorProportion of women who died due to pregnancy-related causes

Incidence of malariaIncidence and deaths associated with tuberculosisProportion of households without access to safe waterProportion of households without access to sanitary toilet facilities

Proportion of households who are informal settlersProportion of households with makeshift housing

MDGGoal 8. Global partnerships for development

Core IndicatorTelephone lines per 100 populations

Cellular subscribers per 100 population

Internet connections per 100 householdsAccess to affordable medicines through Botika ng Barangay ( village level)

Preparation of Provincial MDG Reports Initiative

•Involved 10 provinces that have implemented CBMS•UNDP Philippines, through NEDA, provided support•CBMS Philippines Team provided technical assistance to the provinces

Why Provincial MDG Reports?Aside from giving local meaning to the global MDGs, Provincial MDG Reports can build support and momentum for the MDGs from the bottom up. In particular, they can:

Increase ownership of the MDGs at the local level;

Identify the many faces of poverty;

Adapt the MDGs to local needs and priorities;

Reorient local planning towards the MDGs;

Link local development plans to the national poverty reduction strategy;

Strengthen LGU capacity; and

Focus donor attention on local needs and raise funds.

With less than five years to go before 2015 when the eight anti-poverty goals should have been achieved, CBMS-based reports on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of nine provinces in the Philippines released last year highlighted disparities between their status and the 2015 national targets.

CBMS results in the province were used for the following:

1. Preparation of barangay profile and assessment of the Situation of Women and Children in the 19 disparity barangays under the Country Programme for Children (CPC). Output of which is a 3-year Barangay Development Plan containing programs and projects which are MDG related.

2. Preparation of project proposals that were submitted for funding. Most of these are MDG related such as the provision of facilities on water and sanitation which were positively responded with a total amount of P2.2M.

Meeting the MDGs Using CBMS

Camarines Norte

4. Selection of waterless municipalities submitted to DILG Central Office. Two municipalities (Basud and Capalonga) are now recipient of the MDGF 1919 program.

3. Selection of beneficiaries of the Focus - Food Production Assistance for Vulnerable Sectors (FPVAS) funded by the European Commission (EC) with counterpart fund from the Seameo Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA) and the provincial government. The project aims to reduce poverty, improve well being of the farmers and ensure access to safe food, particularly the vulnerable sectors;

CBMS results in the province were used for the following:

Meeting the MDGs Using CBMS

Camarines Norte

PRIORITY PROGRAMSImproving access to Facility-Based Deliveries: Basic Essential Obstetrics and Neonatal Care (BEONC)

Improving access to Basic Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn Care (BEmONC) and Comprehensive Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn Care (CEmONC)

Improving access of geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDAs) to hospitals.

Meeting the MDG Targets on Health

Eastern Samar & Marinduque

ARTECHE

BALANGIGA

BALANGKAYAN

BORONGAN

CAN-AVID

DOLORES

GIP

OR

LO

SGEN MACARTHUR

GUIUAN

JIPAPAD

LAWAAN

LLORENTE

MASLOG

MAYDOLONG

Mercedes

ORAS

QU

INAPO

ND

AN

SALCEDO

SAN JULIAN

SAN POLICARPO

SULAT

TAFT

HOMONHON

MANICANI

SULUAN

Borongan

ILHZ

BalangigaGuiuanTaftOras-Arteche

RHU

HOSP BEmOC

CEmOC

RHU BEmOC

HERNANI

MERCEDES

DISTRICT HOSPITAL (Proposed CEmOC); w/ BEmOCfunctions

ORAS-ARTECHE

TAFT

BORONGAN

BALANGIGA

GUIUAN

Travel Time from RHU to its Referral Hospital

Lucena City

Municipal Hospital

District Hospital

Provincial Hospital

LEGEND:

Level I

Level II

Sentrong Sigla I

Less than 30min

30min to 1 hr

More than 1 hr

TRAVEL TIME:

Level III

RHU

GIDA 1 Brgys: GIDA 3 brgy Tumagabok, TalawanTambunan, Sabong

GIDA 2 Brgys:Canat,Boi,Bayuti

GIDA 1

GIDA 2

GIDA 3

Programs/Policies 2010 2011Assistance for Marginalized Rice Farmers Assistance for Marginalized Rice Farmers 2 M 2 M

Support to Employment Generation Program Support to Employment Generation Program 2.2 M 2.2 M

Research & Dev’t Studies on Livelihood & Entrepreneurship Research & Dev’t Studies on Livelihood & Entrepreneurship 0.275 M0.275 M 0.275 M

Youth Development & Livelihood Program Youth Development & Livelihood Program 0.550 M0.550 M 0.55 M

Integrated Social Dev’t Assistance Program/ Medical Integrated Social Dev’t Assistance Program/ Medical AssistanceAssistance

3.25 M3.25 M 3.25 M

Roads and Bridges and other Infra ProjectsRoads and Bridges and other Infra Projects 112.89 M112.89 M 1.089 B1.089 B

KALAHI - CIDDSKALAHI - CIDDS 1.5 M1.5 M 3.5 M3.5 M

Co-Management Project – Full productivity of production Co-Management Project – Full productivity of production forest (19,039 has.) affecting 31,407 population with 29% IPs.forest (19,039 has.) affecting 31,407 population with 29% IPs.

1.7 M1.7 M 1.7 M1.7 M

Meeting the MDGsAgusan del Sur

Tubig Imnonon Natong Agusanon (TINA)Tubig Imnonon Natong Agusanon (TINA)

CBMS ID SystemCBMS ID System

• Distributed 891 units and installed (14 municipalities)

• Launched to 10 out 14 municipalities (on-going)

Meeting the MDGsAgusan del Sur

Provincial Scholarship ProgramProvincial Scholarship Program

Environmental Protection ProgramEnvironmental Protection Program

• scholarships to poor and deserving college students

Php 21,950,000.00

Meeting the MDGsAgusan del Sur

PHILHEALTH Sponsored Program PHILHEALTH Sponsored Program

• 58,300 indigent households were enrolled • Php 8,400,000.00 Provincial counterpart

Meeting the MDGsAgusan del Sur

CONCLUDING REMARKS There is a strong correspondence between

CBMS indicators and MDG indicators. CBMS gathers data on the different

dimensions of poverty for the same household at the same time.

CBMS can be the tool for localizing the MDGS by providing the monitoring system to regularly monitor accomplishments towards the MDGs at the local level

CBMS facilitates the preparation of MDG-responsive development plans and budgets

CBMS as a tool for localizing the MDGs is also being implemented in other CBMS sites in Indonesia, Kenya, Cambodia, etc.

With Technical Assistance from:

DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from WB-ASEM

DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from UNFPA

DILG-BLGD, DILG Regional offices and CBMS Team

Eastern Visayas CBMS TWG and CBMS Team

Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team

Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team with support from Spanish Government

MIMAROPA CBMS TWG and CBMS Team

NAPC and CBMS Team with support from UNDP

Dawn Foundation and CBMS Team

Social Watch Philippines and CBMS Team

SRTC, SUCs and CBMS Team

Kagabay and CBMS Team

SRTC, NEDA IV-A and CBMS Team

PRRM, SWP and CBMS Team

CBMS Team

Coverage of CBMS implementation in the Philippines

as of September 1, 201120,382 barangays

in 764 municipalities and 49 cities in 65 provinces (33 of which are

provincewide)

CBMS Network Coordinating Team Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business StudiesRm I-1016, 10th Floor, Angelo King International Center, Estrada corner Arellano Streets, Malate, ManilaTelefax (632) 5262067Email at: celia.reyes@benilde.edu.ph;Website: www.pep-net.orgForum: www.cbmsphilippines.webs.com

Thank you!