Local development planning

DEVELOPMENT PLANNING:AN INTRODUCTION

ObjectivesAt the end of the report, the students will be able to understand the following:1. Learn the History & Definition of

Development Planning2. Learn the legal basis for local development

planning3. Identify the organizations directly responsible

in local development planning

HISTORY

The Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160) provided the mechanism for decentralization and local autonomy.

The law was conceived for the following goals: Develop a self-reliant and vibrant communities Broaden the powers and authority of the local

government units (LGUs) Speed up development of the countryside

However, translating the Code into reality remains a challenge as gaps are revealed between performance and expectation.

HISTORY

To address these problems, the Department of Interior & Local Government (DILG) has developed the so-called INTEGRATED CAPABILITY BUILDING PROGRAM (ICBP).

It has five core components:1. Management Systems2. Development Planning3. Local Legislation4. Local Financial Management5. Community Mobilization

MAJOR FEATURE OF ICBP

The ICBP is designed with the principle that: The LGUs are the primary actors of the program

with the DILG serving as a facilitator. Thus, the success of the program rests heavily

on the degree of commitment and participation of the LGUs.

The major feature of the ICBP is that: It is hands-on On-site Output-oriented

MAJOR FEATURE OF ICBP

The ICBP assures: Maximum LGU participation Its outputs are specific Sustainability at every level of LGU

It is demand driven which means It is designed to respond, as much as possible, to

the specific needs of our partner local governments.

ICBP is premised on the fundamental notion: The local governments are the center of all

local development activities.

DEFINITION OF DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

It is one of the core components of the ICBP to serve as an effective delivery tool and a strategy to provide direction for physical development and accelerating economic growth.

It aims to capture the aspirations and desire of the citizenry on the type and level of development they want to attain at a certain time.

PURPOSES OF DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

To optimize the use of resources at the right time without sacrificing the environment;

To provide direction in the execution of development programs/projects;

To solicit and ensure citizen’s participation in decision making concerning social and economic development;

To respond to the requirements of the local government code.

PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

Development planning involves: Gathering and processing of data about

the community; Determining and prioritizing the needs

and problems to be addressed; Identifying development opportunities

which can be harnessed towards the realization of a better quality of life.

NEEDS OF DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

For the past decades, studies on local development planning have been conducted and results show that development planning is one area of concern which has to be strengthened among the LGUs.

Identified Needs/Problems: Local development planners need to enhance their skills in the

actual preparation of development plans; Policy makers need to upgrade their knowledge of how to come

up with strategies that could bring about a more systematic and coordinated approach to development.

LGUs particularly 5th and 6th class are having difficulty in devising an effective planning scheme because of inadequate manpower.

Other problem is the emergence of so many guidelines and textbooks on local development planning which leads to confusions.

ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVE IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

Development Planning as one of the components of ICBP mainly deals with capability building of the three organizations/bodies in the LGUs that are directly involved in planning: Local Development Council Local Planning and Development Staff The Sanggunian

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Annual Investment Program (AIP) – is the annual component of the Local Development Investment Plan (LDIP) which represents more realistic estimates of development expenditures and revenues of the LGU for the year.

Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) – is a legal document which integrates the different sectoral plans and programs which the LGU shall implement for a specific period of time.

Development Strategy – A course of action adopted to attain development objectives.

Goal Statement – refers to the long term end result the LGU seeks to attain in the pursuit of its vision.

Land Use Plan – a proposal for the future use of land which is in accordance with the social and economic activities of the people. It must consider the requirements for food production, human settlements, environmental protection and industrial expansion.

DEFINITION OF TERMS Local Development Investment Program (LDIP) – is a

planning tool used in implementing the comprehensive local development plan. It is a multi-layer listing of programs and projects with cost estimates and sources of funds.

Local Development Planning (LDP)– is a deliberate, rational and continuous effort of the LGU to accelerate the process of development of preparing a set of decisions, optimizing use of local resources, with active participation of the community.

Monitoring – the process of overseeing the implementation of plans and projects through a regular feedback mechanism to improve project execution.

Objectives – are concise statements of condition the LGU desires to achieve within a specific prescribed period. It considers the human dimension of development, the socio-economic indicators such as income, employment, education and health. In its formulation, it should observe the SMART principle: SPECIFIC, MEASURABLE, ATTAINABLE, REALISTIC and TIME-BOUNDED.

DEFINITION OF TERMS Priority Projects – projects that rank high in general desirability

and feasibility in solving a development problem or achieving a development objective.

Program – a package of interrelated projects within a definite economic condition of the community which is critical to its current and future development efforts.

Socio-Economic and Physical Profile (SEPP) – is a document that describes the present or actual situation of the community in relation to its natural and human resources. It also includes historical background, physical features and land uses. Data and information are presented by sector to facilitate access to information by planners in the formulation of the local development plan.

Thrusts – refers to major areas of concern the LGU must immediately address to generate results that would lead to the improvement of the quality of life of the people in the community.

Zoning Ordinance – is a legal document to enforce the LGU’s land use plan.

LEGAL BASES FOR PLANNING

The 1987 Philippine Constitution provides the basis for all development efforts.

The provisions about planning are specifically found in Article II, Declaration of Principles and State Policies where the preparation of the national development plan is mandated.

LEGAL BASES FOR PLANNING1. Among the planning directions implied in the general principles of the 1987 Constitution are as follows:

Promotion of social justice in all phases of national development (Sec. 10);

Recognition of the vital role of the youth in nation-building, encouraging their involvement in public and civic affairs (Sec. 13);

Recognition of the role of women in nation-building (Sec. 14); Promotion of the right to health of the people (Sec. 15); Advancing the right of the people to a balanced and healthful

ecology (Sec. 16); Promotion of comprehensive rural development and agrarian

reform (Sec. 21); Recognition of the rights of indigenous cultural communities

within the framework of national unity and development (Sec. 22);

Involvement of non-governmental organizations, community-based or sectoral organizations in public affairs (Sec. 23);

Ensuring the autonomy of local government (Sec. 25).


2. The Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160) provide the following provisions for planning:

Section 106 mandates that each local government unit (LGU) shall have a comprehensive multi-sectoral development plan to be initiated by its development council and approved by its Sanggunian.

Section 20 requires that the local government units shall, in conformity with existing laws, continue to prepare their respective comprehensive land use plans enacted through zoning ordinances which shall be the primary and dominant basis for the future use of land resources.

Section 44 number 1(ii) – in this provision, the Municipal Mayor is mandated to direct the formulation of the Municipal Development Plan, with the assistance of the Municipal Development Council, and upon the approval thereof by the Sangguniang Bayan, implement the same.

Section 468 paragraph 2 (vii) – this provision mandates the Sangguniang Panlalawigan to review the Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) and zoning ordinances of component cities and municipalities and adopt a Comprehensive Provincial Land Use Plan (CPLUP), subject to existing laws.


3. Office of the President Memorandum Circular No. 2:

In this circular dated July 17, 1992, all government departments, offices and instrumentalities, including the local government units, are directed to formulate their respective medium-term plans and public investment programs for the period 1993-1998.


4. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 92-41: This circular dated July 6, 1992 mandated the

local government units to prepare, as a minimum requirement, their one year of annual investment programs.

5. Malacanang Executive Order No. 72: This issuance dated March 25, 1993 mandated

the City or Municipal Development Council (CDC/MDC) to initiate the formulation or updating of its land use plan, in consultation with the concerned sectors in the community.

ORGANIZATIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOCAL PLANNING

THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

THE LOCAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE

THE SANGGUNIAN

THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT

COUNCIL

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

It is the planning body of the LGU which assists the Sanggunian in setting the direction for economic and social development efforts within its territorial jurisdiction.

How LDCs are called: Barangay – Barangay Development Council (BDC) Municipality – Municipal Development Council

(MDC) City – City Development Council (CDC) Province – Provincial Development Council (PDC)

COMPOSITION OF THEBARANGAY DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

The BDC shall be headed by the Punong Barangay and shall be composed of the following members: Members of the Sangguniang Barangay Representatives of NGOs operating in the

barangay, who shall constitute not less than ¼ of the members of the fully organized council;

A representative of the Congressman.

FUNCTIONS OF THEBARANGAY DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

The BDC exercise the following functions: Mobilize people’s participation in local

development functions efforts; Prepare barangay development plans

based on local requirements; Monitor and evaluate the implementation

of national or local programs and projects; and

Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or competent authority.

COMPOSITION OF THECITY/MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

The CDC/MDC shall be headed by the Mayor and shall be composed of the following members: All Punong Barangays in the City or Municipality; The Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations of

the Sangguniang Panglunsod or Sangguniang Bayan concerned;

The Congressman or his representative; and The Representatives of NGOs operating in the City or

Municipality, as the case may be, who shall constitute not less than ¼ of the members of the fully organized Council.

The NGO representatives must have been accredited by the Sanggunian and elected in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Rules and Regulations Implementing the Local Government Code of 1991.

COMPOSITION OF THEPROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

The PDC is headed by the Governor and shall be composed of the following members: All Mayors of component Cities and Municipalities; The Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations of the

Sangguniang Panlalawigan; The Congressman or his representative; and Representatives of NGOs operating in the province, who

shall constitute not less than ¼ of the members of the fully organized Council.

The NGO representatives must have been accredited by the Sanggunian and elected in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Rules and Regulations Implementing the Local Government Code of 1991.

FUNCTIONS OF THE CITYMUNICIPAL & PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT

COUNCILS Review and prioritize the proposed development programs and

projects that will form part of the Local Development Investment Program (LDIP) and subsequent Annual Investment Program (AIP);

Integrates all plans of the sectoral or functional committees and those from the immediate lower development councils;

Formulate long-term, medium-term and annual socio-economic development plans and policies;

Formulate the medium-term and annual public investment programs; Appraise and prioritize socio-economic development programs and

projects; Formulate local investment incentives to promote the inflow and

direction of private investment capital; Coordinate, monitor and evaluate the implementation of

development programs and projects; and Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or

competent authority.

THE LDC MEETINGS The LDC shall meet at least once every six (6) months

or as often as may be necessary. During such meetings, the following are some of its expected outputs: Formulate the LGU’s Vision, Mission and Development Thrust

as an initial step in planning; Formulate goals, objectives and set targets; Source funds for development activities; Grant incentives to attract investors; Formulate policies on citizens participation; Evaluate the participation and performance of the

POs/NGOs/Private sector in the Local Special Bodies and recommend to the Sanggunian appropriate action, when needed; and

Subject the comprehensive development plan and other plans to a public hearing.

THE LDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

In a form of resolution, the provincial, city, municipal, or barangay development council, shall within three (3) months from its organization, create an Executive Committee and act in behalf of the LDC when it is not in session.

COMPOSITION OF THE LDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE IN THE PROVINCE

Governor as Chairman Representative of the component City and

municipal mayors to be chosen from among themselves

Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan

President of the Provincial League of Barangays Representative of NGOs that are represented in

the LDC, as members

COMPOSITION OF THE LDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE IN THE CITY/MUNICIPALITY

Mayor as the Chairman Chairman of the Committee on

Appropriations of the Sangguniang Panglunsod or Sangguniang Bayan

President of the City or Municipal League of Barangays

Representative of NGOs that are represented in the LDC, as members

COMPOSITION OF THE LDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE IN THE BARANGAY

Punong Barangay as Chairman Representative of the Sangguniang

Barangay to be chosen from among its members

Representative of NGOs that are represented in the LDC as members

POWERS & FUNCTIONS OF THELDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Ensure that the decisions of the LDC are faithfully carried out and implemented;

Act on matters that need immediate attention or action by the LDC;

Formulate policies, plans and programs based on the objectives and priorities set by the LDC; and

Take final action on matters that may be authorized by the LDC except the approval of local development plans and annual investment plans.

LDC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETINGS

The Executive Committee shall hold meetings at least once a month.

Special meetings may be called by the Chairman or by a majority of its members.

SECTORAL OR FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEES

Maybe formed by the LDC to assist them in the performance of their functions.

To ensure policy coordination and uniformity in operational directions, these committees shall directly establish linkages with national government agencies and such sectoral or functional committees organized by the government for development, investment and consultative purposes.

Each member of the LDC shall, as far as practicable, participate in at least one sectoral or functions committee.

FUNCTIONS OF THESECTORAL/FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEES

Provide the LDC with data and information essential to the formulation of plans, programs and activities;

Define sectoral or functional objectives, set targets and identify programs, projects, and activities for the particular sector or function;

Collate and analyze data of the sector and conduct related studies;

Conduct public hearings on vital issues affecting the sector or function;

Coordinate planning, programming, and implementation of programs, projects and activities within each sector;

Monitor and evaluate program and projects; Perform such other functions as may be assigned by the

LDC.The LDC may avail of the services of any NGO or educational or research institution for its purpose.

INTERNAL RULES AND PROCEDURES OF THE LDC

The LDC shall establish its internal rules and procedures to guide its internal affairs. This shall focus on: Membership Regular and special meetings Quorum Presiding officers Sectoral and functional committees NGO, PO and private sector participation Transparency policies of LDC Intergovernmental relations and coordination Committee reports Other rules and regulations

THE SECRETARIAT

The LDC Secretariat is headed by the Local Planning and Development Coordinator.

It provides technical and administrative support to the Local Development Council.

THE SECRETARIAT

Specifically, it performs the following: Collect, tabulate, and analyze data needed in

planning. (The next slide for the data bank component) Conduct researches and other studies to provide

scientific basis for planning and plan implementation

Prepare notice of meetings to all members of the committee, minutes of meetings/public hearings/other LDC activities and maintain records of the committee.

Submit accomplishment reports required.

THE SECRETARIAT The data bank shall include the following:

List of NGOs/POs operating in the locality; List of local special bodies with their members; List of local ordinances and resolutions relative to planning

which are passed by the Sanggunian, including executive orders, memorandum circulars affecting planning;

Data on professionals and vocationally-trained constituents; List of public infrastructures in the locality; List of business establishments; Copies of previous and current Development Plans (Land

Use, Medium Term Investment Plan, Annual Investment Program, etc.);

Complete list of LDC members, past and present; List of completed programs, projects and activities (PPAs)

during the last five years.

THE LOCAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

OFFICE

FUNCTIONS OF THE LOCAL PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT OFFICE

The planning and development office is headed by the Planning and Development Coordinator. It shall perform the following tasks and responsibilities: Prepare integrated economic, social, physical and other

development plans and policies including comprehensive plans for consideration of the local government development council;

Conduct continuing studies, researches and training programs necessary to evolve plans and programs for implementation;

Put together sectoral plans and studies undertaken by the different functional groups or agencies;


Follow-up and evaluate implementation of the different development programs, projects and activities in the LGU concerned in accordance with the approved development plan;

Study the income and spending patterns of the local government unit and formulate and recommend fiscal plans and policies for consideration of the finance committee of the LGU concerned;


Promote people participation in development planning within the LGU concerned; and

The local planning and development coordinator shall exercise supervision and control over the secretariat of the local development council.

In addition, during public hearings, the LPDO shall assist the LDC in the selection of issues which the Council would like to submit to a public discussion and consideration.


There are fifth and sixth class municipalities where because of lack of funds, have only one staff appointed (the MPDC) to perform the responsibilities of the MPDO.

In this case, it is advised that the municipality should exert efforts to create positions as may be necessary.

This is based on the fact that technical responsibilities cannot be performed by only one or two persons and to ensure that the MPDO can perform its functions effectively.

However, if the above is not feasible, the Mayor may create a task force or an Ad-Hoc Committee to assist the MPDC in the performance of his functions. The members thereof who shall be directed to do specific work, may come from different departments or units in the municipality on detailed status. The members shall return to their mother units once the task is finished.

THE SANGGUNIAN

COMPOSITION & GENERAL FUNCTION

The Sanggunian is the legislative body in the LGU with the Vice Chief Executive in the provincial/city/municipal levels and the Punong Barangay as the presiding officers.

As a legislative body, the Sanggunian enacts ordinances, passes resolutions and appropriates funds for the general welfare of the locality and its inhabitants.

MEMBERS OF THE BODY AT THE DIFFERENT LEVELS

PROVINCIAL LEVEL: Vice Governor as the presiding officer Regular sanggunian members President of the provincial chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay President of the Panlalawigang Pederasyon ng mga

Sangguniang Kabataan President of the Provincial Federation of Sangguniang members

of the Municipality and component cities Sectoral representatives Three sectoral representatives coming from the:

Women Agricultural or industrial workers Other sectors, including urban poor, indigenous cultural communities

or disabled persons.


CITY/MUNICIPALITY LEVEL: Vice Mayor as presiding officer Regular sanggunian members President of the City/Municipal chapter of the Liga

ng mga Barangay President of the Panglunsod/pambayang

pederasyon ng mga Sangguniang Kabataan Sectoral representatives, as members Three sectoral representatives coming from the:

Women Agricultural or industrial workers Other sectors, including urban poor, indigenous cultural

communities or disabled persons.


BARANGAY LEVEL: Punong Barangay as presiding officers Seven (7) regular sangguniang

barangay members Sangguniang Kabataan chairman

PLANNING FUNCTION

Parallel to the lawmaking function of the Sanggunian is a planning responsibility where it reviews the development plans of the LGU before the same is adopted and approved through a resolution. Specifically, the Sanggunian is responsible for the following:1. Accredit the NGOs for membership in the LDC2. Review and analyze development plan3. Approve and adopt the development plan4. Adopt planning policies5. Allocate funds to finance the development plan6. Monitor implementation of the plan

1. ACCREDITATION OF NGO FOR MEMBERSHIP IN THE LDC

The Sanggunian is responsible for the accreditation of the community-based people’s organizations in the locality.

Within 30 days from the organization of the newly elected sanggunian, each sanggunian shall call all community-based organizations or non-government organizations, including business and professional groups, and other similar aggrupations who are interested to become members in the local special bodies, to apply with the LGU concerned for accreditation for membership in the local special bodies.

CRITERIA FOR ACCREDITATION

Registration with either the SEC, CDA, DOLE, DSWD, or any recognized national government agency that accredits people’s organization, NGOs or the private sector. If not formally registered, the said organization may be

recognized by the sanggunian for purposes only of meeting the minimum requirements for membership of such organizations in local special bodies.

Organizational purpose and objectives of the NGOs/POs include community organization and development, institution building, local enterprise development, livelihood development, capability building, and similar developmental objectives and considerations;

CRITERIA FOR ACCREDITATION

That the NGO/PO is community based with project development and implementation track record of at least one (1) year;

Reliability as evidenced by the preparation of annual reports and conduct of annual meetings duly certified by the board secretary of the organization.

2. REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLANS.

The Sanggunian reviews the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP), the Local Development Investment Program (LDIP) and the Annual Investment Program (AIP) before approval and adoption.

3. APPROVAL AND ADOPTION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

The comprehensive development plan is approved and adopted by the Sanggunian in a manner stipulated in their internal rules and procedures. This process proceeds with the following steps:1. The plan as revised/refined by the local planning and

development office, based on the recommendations, suggestions and opinions submitted by the hearing board, shall be submitted by the local chief executive to the Sanggunian for adoption; and

2. The Sanggunian shall through a resolution adopt the comprehensive development plan. A copy of the Sanggunian resolution relative to the town plan document shall be attached to the town plan.

4. ADOPTION OF PLANNING POLICIES

The Sanggunian shall set policies and guidelines to be observed in the preparation of the plan.

5. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS

The Sanggunian is responsible for allocating funds to finance implementation of the comprehensive development plan.

This is made through approval by the Sanggunian of the executive budget submitted by the local chief executive.

It must see to it that the Annual Investment Program (AIP) operationalized by the Annual Budget is funded.

6. MONITORING AND EVALUATIONOF PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

The Sanggunian shall monitor plan implementation as part of its oversight functions. The areas to be covered include the following:1. Program/Project Efficiency2. Program/Project Effectiveness


1. Program/Project Efficiency: The Sanggunian shall review planned vs. actual activities and costs as well as the reasons behind any deviations. The evaluation shall answer the question: What could have been done to minimize inputs and maximize outputs?


2. Program/Project Effectiveness: The Sanggunian shall conduct an analysis on the extent to which project goals and objectives have been achieved. In the conduct of impact evaluation, some important considerations may consist of the following questions:a) Whether the target beneficiaries are being reached.b) Whether the identified constraints have been or are

being mitigated or otherwise circumvented, and if not, why not?

c) Whether the output targets are being met and, if not, why not?

d) If the project objectives or targets are not being met, what lessons can be learned, which can be feed back into the selection and design of new projects?


It is very important that the results of monitoring and evaluation, i.e., the lessons of experience from implementation, should be fed back to the project planners and to the people who do the identification and preparation of projects.

The oversight function of the Sanggunian is founded on the premise that it has the power of inquiry, in which case, they may conduct investigations covering the implementation of development projects to find out its defects and find means to remedy them. This is part of the Committee’s reportorial requirements.

CROSS VISITS TO MODEL CITY/MUNICIPAL LEGISLATIVE BODIES (LOCAL/FOREIGN)

The Sanggunian may authorize some or all of its members to visit a model LGU.

The purpose of this activity is for the members to have an opportunity to observe and learn how this model LGU work as a development planning body.

MARAMING SALAMAT PO.

Local development planning

Government & Nonprofit

Transcript of Local development planning