Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants
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Transcript of Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants
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© KWA EVIVA GMBH 2010 VOGELSANGER STRASSE 250 I 50825 KÖLN I GERMANY
Development of local biogas grids in Germany
Oldenburger Gastage, 1. Dezember 2010
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© KWA EVIVA GMBH 2010 VOGELSANGER STRASSE 250 I 50825 KÖLN I GERMANY
Development of local biogas grids in Germany
Oldenburger Gastage, 1. Dezember 2010
SERVICE MIT ENERGIE.
© KWA EVIVA GMBH 2010 Eviva – nachhaltige Energiedienstleistungen
Content
• Biogas in Germany• Motivation for local biogas grids• Best-practice examples• Outlook
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Biogas plants in Germany
Amount of newly built plantsTotal amount in previous yearAverage size of plant (kWel.)Additional capacity (MWel)Installed capacity (MWel)
Source: German Biogas Association
Amou
nt
Elec
tric
alca
paci
ty
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Source: KWA Contracting AG
Source: KWA Eviva GmbH
Agricultural Biogas Plants
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Digestion
HydrolysisBio filter Heat exchangerTransformer station
CHP-plant + stack Storage tank
Treatment hall
Thermal treatment
Desulphurisation
Fat tank
Industrial Biogas Plants
BGP WTE
SoccerStadium
BGP WTE
SoccerStadium
Source: BioWerk Hamburg
Source: HSV
Source: BioWerk Hamburg
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Market Development in Germany
• More than 1,000 enterprises working in the sector• About 5000 biogas plants in operation• Technologies for upgrading to biomethane (23
projects) and biogas as transport fuel (2 projects) • Technologies for efficient use of thermal energy• Advanced technologies for treatment of digestate
and its application as fertilizer
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Feedstock for Biogasproduction in Germany
Source: IBBK
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Overview on biogas utilisation applications
• Slightly pre-treated biogas– Combustion in CHP’s for electricity, heat and cold
generation– Flare (only back-up)
• Upgrading to natural gas quality– Feeding into the natural gas grid– Vehicle fuel
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Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
Application in Co-generation units for electricity, heat and cold production
Source: Econcern
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Co-gen unit with district heating grid
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Upgraded Biogas
Upgrading and injection into natural gas grid or utilisation as vehicle fuel
Source: Deutsches BiomasseForschungsZentrum gGmbH / Econcern
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Why biogas grids?
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Motivation
• >5000 biogas plants with 2200 MWe installed electricalcapacity in Germany à ~2300 MWth capacity potential
• Current degree of heat utilisation: ~50%, often „only“ to a small degree and/or to heat some buildings
• Using the heat– Increased degree of utilisation– improved economics– Relating the heat sales price to market prices of fossile
energy carriersà Improved hedging of economic risks
– Fixed EEG-tarifs + market volatile heat revenuesà hedging of substrate market prices
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Biogas and efficient resource utilisation
• Prime energy: biogas à 6 kWh/Nm3• Biogas in co-gen unità2,5 kWhe per Nm3 of biogas used + 2,4 kWhth per Nm3 of biogas used…but how to use the heat?
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Heat usage options
• Heating of buildings• Heat supply via district heating grids• Drying systems• Heating greenhouses• Cold supply to cooling applications• Heat supply to large cleaning businesses• Process heat for (e.g.)
– Food industry processes• biogas pipelines and satellite CHP units
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Co-gen unit with biogas pipeline
Nahwärmenetz
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Solution: local biogas grids
• less thermal losses• more economic for small/medium size biogas plants (<1000 kWe)
when heat off-take can be increased significantly and distances <3 km– Biogas grid costs 1/3 compared to heating grid– Additional costs for compressor and auxiliary material– Operational costs higher
• Versatile: possibility to connect more biogas plants on one biogaspipeline
• Safety important– Pipeline must be errected und operated according to DVGW-rules– Construction by DVGW-enterprises– Operation with 24 h availability– DVGW materials (PE)
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Best-practice examples in Germany
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Germany‘s 1st Biogas grid Braunschweig/Lower Saxony, 2007
• Biogas CHP unit500 kWe
• Biogasleitung 20km• satellite-CHP units
2 x 1 MWe• Heat injection into
district heating grid of the local utilityof BS Energy (16 Mio kWh/a)
• Details• Under large canal• under motorway
• Savings: 7200 t CO2/a
Source: Abwasserverband Braunschweig
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Biogas grid Braunschweig - ecocnomics
• Investment costs– Biogas plant: 6.6 Mio. €– Biogas pipeline + CHP unit: 4.8 Mio. €
• Annual costs– O&M: 560 k€/a– Substrate: ~1.04 Mio. €/a– Financing: 645 k€/a
• Revenues – Heat & electricity: 2,62 Mio, €/a• P&L: + 375 k€/a
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Biogasgrid Schwäbisch Hall/Baden-Württemberg, 2010
• Biogas CHP unit100 kWe, 120 kWth
• Biogasleitung 7km• Satellite-CHP unit
300 kWe, 330 kWth• Heat injection into
district heating grid of the local utilityofSchwäbisch Hall
• Savings: 2.500 t CO2/a
Source: Energiepflanzen, 4/2010
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Biogas grid Bad Bevensen/Lower Saxony, 2010
• Biogas pipeline 5,5 km• satellite-CHP unit
600 kWe• Heat utilisation by public
thermal baths (4 Mio kWh/a)
• Heat off-take contract• to be always
„cheape“ than heatfrom gas/oil
• Details• Under little river
• Savings• 400000 l/a fueloil• 2700 t CO2/a
Source: KWA Contracting AG
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Ins & outs
• External heat supply for fermenter necessary• Safety regulations for gas grids (e.g. 24h support)• Often additional CHP unit needed • Versatile – connect several biogas plants to one
grid• Q: Selling biogas or electricity and heat?
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Summary and Conclusions
• Many biogas plants utilise the available heatinsufficiently
• Large economic potential to make use of „waste“ heatfrom CHP units
• EEG and prices of fossile energy carriers call forbiogas heat solutions
• Biogas grids can be an economically attractive optionto increase the degree of utilisation of the energycontent of biogas with less haet losses compared toheating grids
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Questions?
Frank Schillig
e: [email protected]: +49-221-78946910w: www.eviva-energie.de
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