LNG Terminal Risk Assessment - GoLNG | Main page uostas_2014.10.… · LNG Terminal Risk Assessment...

DNV GL © 2014 OCTOBER 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2014

OCTOBER 2014

Jan Tellkamp

LNG Terminal Risk Assessment

1

LNG Shipping Symposium

DNV GL © 2014 OCTOBER 2014

2

Risks Opportunities


Small Import Terminal

3


Risk Assessment and Risk Management

4

Discharge of gas ongoing

use bus-stop on other side

of quai


Operation

Commissioning

Construction

Design

Feasibility

Strategy

small scale LNG in the big picture

5

Import & large scale

storage

Intermediate distribution

Intermediate storage

Bunker / Break Bulk

Marine fuel / other

markets

Tomorrow’s infrastructure

Tomorrow’s infrastructure

Today’s infrastructure development

Tomorrow’s markets


Enablers for LNG bunkering to develop in ports

6

LNG availability, for example the nearby presence

of an import terminal

Reliable & safe logistical concepts

Legal certainty, established

legislation and regulatory framework

Favorable investment climate &

taxation regime

Necessary competences, knowledge &

skills

Public acceptance


More than 50 years of technology development

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

10E

9 c

ub

ic m

ete

r

Historical LNG trade

Standard for offshore

concrete structures for LNG

Moss Spherical

tank design

Published rules for

gas carriers

R

Research team on

LNG established

Membrane tank

developed and tested

“Oil crises”

Oil supply

concerns

Rules for barge

mounted LNG plant

“Kyoto”

Guidelines and criteria for floating

LNG FPSO and terminals

Classification contract for “mega” LNG

carriers

Classification contract for

FLNG

Onshore Service Spec

for LNG facilities

Frist Classification contract for

FSRU

Spadeadam test facility


LNG distribution needs to take a step

8


Decision support framework for major accident risk management

9 Source: OGP draft 116901


Risk assessment – no rocket science

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Risk Identification

Risk Assessment

Risk Response Planning


ISO 31000 Risk management process

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Safety

Environment

Business


RP: Structure for introducing barriers

12


The RP: overall process description

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(some) possible LNG release scenarios

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Source of release Scenario Possible causes

General process and cargo handling

Accidental release from equipment and piping

Lack of flange tightness

Weld defects

Corrosion

Impact

Supporting structure damage

Earthquake, floods and other natural hazards

Accidental release from LNG tanks at jetty or on ships

Ship collision Passing ship adrift

Ship pressure relief valve Overpressure

Onshore storage Tank leakage Internal or external leak in tank bottom or wall

Catastrophic rupture and leakages

Tank PSV release Tank overfilling

Tank overpressure

Rollover


Risk – Identification: example Rollover

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Convection

cell

Convection

cell

light

heavy

Evaporation at reduced

rate Evaporation

Flashing

Overpressure


Risk – Analysis: example spill scenario

16


Risk – Analysis: example Simplified event tree



Risk – Assessment: example FN-curves – group risk, societal risk

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Group

24 / 365

Cumulative

IMO MSC 83/21/1


Timeline of typical project – activities in first phase

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Strategy Feasibility Concept

development Seveso II process

Design Construction Commissioning Operation

Filin

g S

eveso a

pplication


Risk assessment integrated in overall process

20

Strategy Feasibility Concept

development

Filin

g S

eveso a

pplication

Market outlook Demand estimate

Supply volumes & frequencies

Storage volumes

Bunker volumes & frequencies

Logistics concept

Bunker modes

Management of permit application

Project management office Project risk management

Project risk management

Initial HAZID Initial nautical QRA Initial site QRA

Development of organisational / company setup (make) or requirements on supplier (buy)

Legal frame Identification of

applicable technical standards

development of bunker vessel concept

Showstopper analysis

Feasibility analysis

Development of initial LNG bunkering procedures

Site screening Site concept

development of ship concept (LNG Carrier link to (re)export terminal)


Risk pictures in Port for / from elements of LNG value chain

21

Import

Storage

Bunkering


Operation

Commissioning

Construction

Design

Feasibility

Strategy

Tools in place

22


storage



Bunker / Break Bulk

Marine fuel / other

markets


SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

www.dnvgl.com

23

[email protected]

+49 40 36149 0


strategy feasibility design construction Commissioning operation

Managing project risks – keep schedule and budget on track

24

Degree of freedom to make changes

100 %

Sta

y in

schedule

Keep

budget


State of the art – hard arms (Marine Loading Arms)

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Loading arm – quick connect / disconnect

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Loading arm – Emergency Release Coupling

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Hoses

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… the RP suggests how to work with them

29


Operation & design: 1st layer of defence

Equipment standard, inspection and

testing

Operational planning

Compatibility of the transfer systems

Pre-transfer operations

transfer hoses

Couplings

Emergency Release System, ERS

Loading arms

Inerting/purging operations

Transfer operations

Transfer stop

Trapped LNG

Vent mast

Draining/stripping operations

Disconnection of the systems

Quantity and properties of the supplied

LNG (pressure / temperature)

30


Operation & design: 2nd layer of defence

Ignition prevention

Emergency shut-down system

Prevention against electrostatic and

galvanic ignition

Leakage detection

Cryogenic spill protection

PPE

Fire protection and suppression

Operation inside the safety zone

31


SMS: 3rd layer of defence – Emergency Managment

Rescuing casualties,

Safeguarding /evacuating others,

Minimising damage to property and the

environment,

Preventing escalation / bringing the

incident under control.

practical and location- and/or situation-

specific emergency procedures and

exercises.

32


Risk Matrix – asset owner

34


Opportunities in an emerging industry

35


Supply chain management

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2014

Atmospheric -> Pressurized –> Pressurized

Atmospheric -> Atmospheric –> Pressurized

2016+

Atmospheric -> Pressurized –> Atmospheric

Atmospheric -> Atmospheric –> Atmospheric


Operation

Commissioning

Construction

Design

Feasibility

Strategy

small scale LNG in the big picture

37


storage



Bunker / Break Bulk

Marine fuel / other

markets

Tomorrow’s infrastructure Today’s infrastructure

development

Tomorrow’s markets


Netherlands



Japan


BImSchG

BImSchV

KAS 18


Germany

40

Major accident scenario

BImSchG

BImSchV

KAS 18


Large jetty / small carrier

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Typical atmospheric tank design (Mitsubishi)

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Further distribution

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Cargo capacity: 1.100m3

Propulsion: 2 gas engines + 2 diesel engines


Mid Size Import Terminal

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Pressure vessel (here: IMO type C)

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Ship to Ship, “Other” to ship

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Photo: Carl Gabor Photo: Viking Line

http://hhpinsight.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/2013/03/Seagas_bunker_barge-1111.jpg

LNG Terminal Risk Assessment - GoLNG | Main page uostas_2014.10.… · LNG Terminal Risk Assessment...

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