LMD June 2014

A Sex Change

LivestockDigest

Livestock“The greatest homage we

can pay to truth is to use it.”– JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL

NEWSPAPERPR

IORITY HANDLING

by LEE PITTS

MARKET

DigestRiding Herd

by Lee Pitts

As an animal science gradu-ate of California Polytech-nic University (Cow Poly)at San Luis Obispo, Cali-

fornia, I receive a newslettercalled The Stock Report. In theSummer/Fall edition of 2013there was a photo of the top sev-en animal science seniors. Six ofthem were female and an addi-tional young lady was not pic-tured. There was one male! Butwait, it gets worse for the men.In the scholastic achievementcategory (indicating they were inthe top 10% of the university) Icounted over 40 females and,again, one male. The token malehas now replaced the tokenfemale.I also saved The Stock Report

from 2011 that showed a photoof the graduating class of animaland dairy science majors for thatyear. It was a crowded photo somy numbers may not be exactbut I counted 121 graduates,only nine of them male. As a man I am overcome with

shame. Men are in decline andin the process of being reducedto “honeys, dears and darlings.”Take pity on us, please. What’snext? An equal opportunity pro-gram for men? Should thewomen be given their own VetTech major so less qualified boyshave a better chance to get intocow college?

where the ratio of males tofemales was 10 to one, andunless the boss had a wife ordaughter, a cowboy hardly eversaw a woman. A male in the1970s had to make a huge sacri-fice to be an animal sciencemajor because you had aboutthe same chance of having afemale friend as a monk enteringsome foreign outpost monastery.It’s not just Cal Poly either.

Women are more than holdingtheir own at animal sciencedepartments across the country.

And their dominance didn’t justbegin in college. When I wasState President of the CaliforniaAssociation of the FFA back in1970 a young woman in a blueand gold jacket was a rare sight-ing. After all, the National FFAhad just voted in 1969 to allowfemales to enter what was thenknown as The Future Farmers ofAmerica. Today, it’s simply theFFA, and there are 579,678members in 7,570 chapters in all50 states. Female membership inthe FFA has been on a straighttrajectory upward and currently44% of FFA members arefemale. In my day we pitied thefew FFA girls and thoughtthey'd never be able to competewith us men. How stupid werewe? Glance at small town newspa-

pers across the country andyou’ll see that FFA judging andleadership teams are skewedheavily to the female side and,

Somethings Gotta GiveAre males no longer taking

animal science at my alma materbecause they aren’t interested instudying about animals, or couldthey not gain admittancebecause they weren’t smartenough to compete? Either way,it doesn’t speak well for themales of the species, does it?The numbers are a complete

flip flop since I went to Cal Poly.Back in the early 1970s life inthe animal science departmentwas like the wild, wild west

Education is what you get when you read fine print.

Experience is what you get when you don’t.

continued on page six

www.LeePittsbooks.com

Trick Questions

On the front page ofour local weekly news-paper there was aphoto of a cute little

4-H girl showing what wasobviously a goat at a live-stock show. The captionunder the photo read, “Hereis so and so and herSHEEP!"It’s bad enough that a

journalist doesn’t know alamb from a goat but recent-ly a friend of mine asked me,“How many cows are therein the average feedlot?” “None,” I said. “They

aren’t cows, they are steersand heifers.” He looked atme like I was the idiot.Another urban friend arguedwith me and insisted that“mutton” comes from oldroosters that can no longerlay eggs. How did we get so stu-

pid? I’d be willing to bet that

95 percent of the urban pop-ulation couldn’t tell you thedifference between a Here-ford and a heifer. They thinkDutch Belted is a wrestlerand Porterhouse is a rappingD.J. Kids today are takingFrench, calculus and othersubjects they’ll never use inlife at the same time they aretaking NO classes thatmight teach them anythingabout what they eat. And avery high percentage of peo-ple do eat! This is just wrong. I think

every student to graduatefrom high school ought tohave to take and pass a testlike the this one I came upwith.#1 If you bred a Blonde

de Aquitane female with aTamworth boar you’d havea) a litter of dumb blondes,b) a hog with lofty inten-tions, c) a miracle.#2 What is longer, a) the

shelf life of Spam, b) thegestation period of a Jersey,c) the lifetime of a South-down, d) the line to the rest-room at a bad sushi joint.#3 If you put a mature

bull in with some heifers fortwo years and never got acalf it’s probably because a)the bull was a steer, b) theheifers were spayed, c) thebull was gay.#4 If you walked behind a

Jack and jabbed it in therump with a sharp stick you,a) are dumber than a box of

continued on page two

BY STEPHEN L. WILMETH

In Texas A&M trials, theunthinkable is taking place.Hamburger from grass fedcattle isn’t safer, healthier,

or more palatable than ham-burger produced from thosecorn fed, flatulent launching,confinement lounging fattiesthat are being accused of poi-soning our nation’s cleanwater supplies. In fact, theopposite may be rearing itsscientific, unbiased head.As an example, measured

oleic acid (the acid shown toreduce bad cholesterol andincrease good cholesterol), hasbeen measured to be 32%higher in the fatties than fromthe free ranging leanies. Theleanies are also producingmore saturated and trans-fats.Ohhhhh …

Before all of this givessomebody the heebie-jeebies,though, an article from theMarch journal Annals of Inter-nal Medicine may throw somecold water on all of it. Theentire forced diatribe since1961 promoting the evils ofbeef may wind up being notthe multi-billion dollar hoaxmany of us have long known itto be, but more … trillions ofdollars.

Educated IncapacityFuturist Herman Kahn

invented the phrasing, butRon Arnold brought it to abroader audience. Arnold,operating out of the Seattlearea, used the expressiondescribing liberal journalistswho have been “taught to beblind” so they don’t have tolook into major issues of our

time that run countercurrentto the standards of their liber-al enclaves.Educated incapacity is their

chronic ailment. They sufferfrom this seemingly terminalanomaly.The condition is the

“learned inability to under-stand or even perceive a prob-lem much less (suggest) asolution”. Daily, we are learn-ing of the length and breadthof the cultural gyrations thismalady has forced upon us. Inan era that education is pur-ported to be continuous andcutting edge, the ability torationalize anything asidefrom an entrenched paradigmis largely nonexistent.Arnold used the model of

Big Green to expound upon

Give me cows … lots of cows!Educated Incapacity The trillion dollar hoax

JUNE 15, 2014 • www. aaalivestock . com Volume 56 • No. 6

continued on page four

according to the FFA, femalescurrently hold approximately50% of state leadership posi-tions. The women aren’t

even waiting for highschool to show theirdominance. I write acolumn for a maga-zine called TheNational Junior Live-stock Exhibitor. In itare pictures ofGrand Championsteers and heifersfrom all over thecountry. At randomI picked two typical issues andcounted the number of boy andgirl show ring winners. It wasn’teven close. The winning girlsoutnumbered boys by a three toone margin, and that’s beingkind. I could have selected otherissues where it was even morelopsided. There are boys in thepicture all right, in almost everyphoto there is typically four orfive young men, the fitting team,who appear to be working forthe female owner. Perhapsthey’d better get used to it. Inhigh schools and colleges acrossthe land there is a boomingbulge of females who are goingto be trying to find their niche ina few years in the male dominat-ed cattle industry. The questionis, will there be a place for them?

Role ModelsThere are many reasons why

males do not hold the domi-nance they once did on the tanbark, on judging teams and inpositions of youth leadership.One is that women simply werenot given the opportunities.They hit the proverbial “glassceiling”, words first used in 1986by two Wall Street Journalreporters to describe the invisi-ble barrier that blocks womenfrom upward progress. This wasabout the same time that femalestarted passing up the males inthe show ring andin the FFA. Because the

livestock businesshas been a maledominated fieldthere were artifi-cial barriers basedon bias that pre-vented qualifiedwomen fromreaching theirpotential. Also,due to the lateentrance of youngwomen into theseareas, there werevery few role mod-els for young women enteringthe profession. That has changedas well. In 1982, Jan Eberly waselected as National FFA Presi-dent, making her the nation’sfirst female elected as FFA Pres-ident. Since then the femaleshave dominated many state offi-cer teams across the country.Role models are everywhere.As a society of cattlemen we

have gotten much better at iden-tifying those female role models.For instance, the 2014 Saddle &Sirloin Portrait Gallery inductee

is Minnie Lou Bradley of Chil-dress County, Texas. For thosein the animal sciences this is ashigh an honor as one can get. To

be included amongstthe 350 plus oilpaintings that hangin the Saddle andSirloin Gallery is tobe a member of ourHall of Fame.Minnie Lou’s

biography shows herleadership began atan early age. In 1949she was the firstwoman to major in

Animal Husbandry at OklahomaA&M and she was the firstwoman to win the high individ-ual overall award at the NationalCollegiate Livestock JudgingContest. If Minnie Lou couldachieve what she has againstgreat odds, the sky is the limitfor the many young ladies win-ning contests and graduatingwith honors today. And howmany more young women will beinspired when they see Minnie’sportrait amongst all those men? There is something else at

work here and I, as a male, amsad to report it. In writing thisstory I asked an ag teacher Iknow why the females are doingso well in ag and the FFA. I did-n’t like his answer. “The girls areengaged,” he said, “they haveclear goals, are eager in the class-room, and have a clear under-standing that the workplacethey’ll be entering in a few yearsis going to be very competitive,and in order to do well, theirpreparation cannot begin soonenough. The males, on the otherhand, are busy playing videogames. They don’t have a clue.”He shook his head and saidwhile the girls are self-starters hefinds it almost impossible tolight a fire under the boys. Tohear him tell it, we are experi-encing the demise of the Ameri-can male.

The MillionWoman MarchEvery five years the

USDA conducts anag census, the last onebeing done in 2012.In typical governmentfashion, the prelimi-nary results of the2012 Census weremade public in Febru-ary of this year. Froma female’s standpointthe results are bothencouraging, and dis-appointing. In lookingat the following data

from both the 2012 and 2007census, keep in mind that thedata are for both farms andranches.

n The number of U.S. farmsoperated by women nearlytripled over the past threedecades, from 5% in 1978 to14% by 2007.

n Nearly half of female farm-ers are raising livestock — beefcattle, horses and sheep, in par-ticular. But interestingly, these

Livestock Market Digest June 15, 2014

Sex Change continued from page one

continued on page three

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MARKET

The womenaren’t

even waitingfor

high school toshow theirdominance

It seems tothis reporterthat femalesseem more willing tofollow in

their parent’sfootsteps thantheir brothers

do.

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animals aren’t the biggest earn-ers for women. It turns out thatladies who chose to specialize inpoultry, specialty crops, grains ordairy actually generated 72% ofsales on all the lady’s farms andranches.

n The states with the highestpercentage of female principalfarm and ranch operators are: 1.Arizona 2. New Hampshire 3.Massachusetts 4. Maine 5. Alas-ka.

n The majority of farms andranches run by women have hadannual sales of less than$10,000. About 42% of thoseoperations were so small, theyhad sales of less than $1,000.

n 91% of farms and rancheswith female principal operatorshad less than $50,000 in annualsales

n The 2012 Census collecteddata on up to three operatorsper farm or ranch. The numberof principal operators declined4.3% since 2007. Principal oper-ators are on average older, morelikely to be male, and more likelyto consider farming their pri-mary occupation.

n 44% of all farms and ranch-es reported having two opera-tors, and 7% reported threeoperators involved in day-to-daydecision making.

n 300,000 women own theirown farms and ranches andUSDA says there are now onemillion women who are eitherthe principal or secondary man-agers.

n Two thirds of second opera-tors are women, of whom 90%are the spouse of the principalfarm operator. One reason thenumbers have jumped in thewomen’s favor is that USDA’sAg Census only started countingthese secondary farm operators— such as women — in 2002.

n Women were 14% of princi-pal operators but 30% of alloperators.In scanning the data two sta-

tistics leapt out at me that arenot encouraging from a femalestandpoint. Of the 2.1 millionprincipal operators in the UnitedStates, 288,264 were women.This was a 6 percent decreasesince 2007 – larger than thedecrease in male principal opera-tors. We keep saying this but at

some point in the not-so-distantfuture there is going to be ahuge turnover in the ownershipof farms and ranches in thiscountry. The new numbers sub-stantiate that view. For the past30 years the average age of farm-ers and ranchers has increasedand the results in 2012 were nodifferent. For principal opera-tors, the average age increasedanother two percent between2007 and 2012. U.S farmersand ranchers averaged 58.3 yearsold in 2012, compared to 57.1 in2007. The big question from a

woman’s standpoint becomes, ifand when the turnover takesplace will, will it be a man, or a

woman, who steps into thosecowboy boots?

A Female InvasionIt’s not like women aren’t

qualified for the job. I know sev-eral women who manage ranch-es by themselves and I know sev-eral others who are just waitingto fill the void when their par-ents die or retire. In fact, it

seems to this reporter thatfemales seem more willing to fol-low in their parent’s footstepsthan their brothers do. Andevery day that passes there arefewer roadblocks in the women’sway. The same government enti-ties that make small businessloans and microloans to minori-ties such as American Indians orAlaskan Natives, Asians, Blacksor African-Americans, NativeHawaiians or other PacificIslanders and Hispanics nowalso makes them available towomen. And I get press releasesevery week with headlines suchas, “Holistic Resource Manage-ment is Empowering BeginningWomen Ranchers.”Anyone who doubts that

women have the necessary cow-

boy skills should take in aUSTRC roping or a Women’sRanch Rodeo. It’s nothing new,really, women in the cattle work-place. Twenty-five years agoSkinner Hardy, in a show ofappreciation, ran a photo of hiscrew at Western Stockman’sMarket in Famoso, California. Iwent back and counted heads;14 were male and 17 werefemale!Women showed their creden-

tials in the cow business as farback as the 1800s when severalbrave women like AmandaBurks, Sally Redus, Sally Skulland Frannie Morris, bravely rodeup the cowboy trail from Texasto points further north. Andmany did so sidesaddle! Anotherfactor in the women’s favor isthat ranching is not as physicalas it used to be. Machinery nowlifts bales so people don’t haveto. And a four wheeler doesn’tknow, or care, who is driving. And yet, several parts of our

business remain strictly a man’sworld. I hope I’m not being justanother male chauvinist pigwhen I say that I don’t know of asingle purebred auctioneer, pub-lication field man, ring man, orcow buyer who is female. I haveknown a couple female auctionbarn owners and they were greatones, as are the many femalehorse trainers I know. I do knowone female order buyer and she’sa good one, but readily admits ithasn’t been easy. I’ve never hada female vet work on my cattle,

although I’d be more than will-ing to. It’s just that I don’t per-sonally know one around theseparts who works on large ani-mals. I know of exactly onefemale manager of a large ranchand I’d estimate that 95% ofcowboys are just that: boys. It’s been said, no doubt by a

woman, “That a woman has todo twice as much as a man to beconsidered half as good. Fortu-nately, it’s not all that difficult.” We’re about to find out just

how difficult. I wonder, will thenew face of ranching be awoman’s? We’re about to findout.The last time I spoke to an

animal science class at Cal Poly,which was a few years ago, itseemed the class was 90%women and I’d venture to saythat 80 to 90% of them wereenrolled in animal sciencebecause they wanted to go to vetschool. Clearly the vast majorityWILL NOT get accepted to vetschool because there aren’tenough openings. So the rest, Ipresume, may try to get jobs inanimal industries, which are cur-rently dominated by males. Butif the percentage of female ani-mal science students, show ringwinners and student leaders isany indication, our world isabout to be turned upside down.Invaded, you might say. Oneway or the other, our business isgoing to have to make roombecause, ready or not, here theycome!

June 15, 2014 “America’s Favorite Livestock Newspaper”

Sex Change continued from page two

Women showed theircredentials in the cowbusiness as far back

as the 1800s.

Nordhausen to serve as Angusregional manager for Nebraskaand Colorado

The American Angus Asso-ciation® welcomes JayNordhausen of Grant,Neb., as the new regional

manager for Nebraska and Col-orado. A talented young profes-sional in the livestock industry,Nordhausen will play a signifi-cant role in helping Associationmembers identify herd goals,learn new programs and servic-es, and grow into the future.“The Angus breed and the

Association mean a great deal tothe beef business,” Nordhausensays. “I look forward to beingpart of that tradition, and work-ing with Angus cattlemen andtheir customers in my area.”As a regional manager, Nord-

hausen will represent the Angusbreed at various cattle events,sales, shows and other activitiesthroughout the territory. Breed-ers are encouraged to ask himquestions about Associationprograms and services, or forhelp locating Angus seedstock.He can also advise producers onmarketing opportunities avail-able through the Association,including advertising throughthe Angus Journal and otheravenues.“Jay will be an outstanding

asset for Angus breeders acrossthe Midwest,” says Bryce Schu-mann, Association chief execu-tive officer. “His previous experi-ence is a solid foundation forthis new role, and I encouragebreeders to reach out to him forthe latest in programs and serv-ices from the Association.”A native of Nebraska, Nord-

hausen graduated from theUniversity of Nebraska (UNL)with a bachelor’s degree in ani-mal science, and a master’sdegree in animal science andagricultural leadership. Heserved as a livestock buyer andbroker at Wright Livestock Inc.in North Platte, Neb., wherehis responsibilities includedbuying and selling feeder cattleand bred cattle, and coordinat-ing delivery dates and truckingaccommodations between buy-er and sellers.Nordhausen also served as

the interim head livestockjudging coach at UNL for the2012-2013 year. He coachedstudents to compete at thehighly competitive collegiatelevel, and coordinated theNebraska State FFA livestockjudging contest for 575 con-testants. He also recruitedpotential livestock judgingteam members and animal sci-ence students within Nebraskaand throughout the Midwest.

Nordhausen Joins the American Angus Association


their culinary experiences. Healso bypassed Switzerland, Swe-den and West Germany whereabundant fat consumers didn’tsuffer from high rates of heartdisease.The truth would reveal he

picked and chose his studyreplicates to conform to his ownbiases and to substantiate adesired outcome. Moreover, thehoax was ultimately predicatednot on the data he representedas 655 samples, but a few dozenmen.The beef industry was made

villainous, the participants slan-dered, and the United Statesgovernment underwrote a waron beef of historic proportions.Educated incapacity facilitatedthe assault, shaped the publicperception, and then frolickedand toasted their good work totheir like minded fold.“Personal ambition, bad sci-

ence, politics and bias derailednutrition policy over the pasthalf-century”, and … it’s killingpeople.

The emerging scienceThe Texas A&M work is

hugely welcome, but it alsodemonstrates the lingeringexpanse of corrupted societalnorms now emanating from thetenets of false science attachedto the entrenched Keys dietaryrecommendations. In his recentarticle in BEEF, TAMUresearcher Stephen B. Smithmakes a statement that high-lights the point.His sentence, “Ground beef

from grass-fed cattle naturallycontains more omega-3 fattyacids than from grain-fed cattle(three times as much), but ishigher in saturated and transfats” subtly suggests the endur-ing Keys premise that saturated

fats are bad. That is what socie-ty has long been led to believeand that is what science hasostensibly blessed in terms ofdietary recommendations inorder to avoid heart diseaseamong other ailments. That iscounter cantering to therevealed study published by theAnnals of Internal Medicine.The study also suggests there

have been extensive unintendedconsequences. One example isthe outcome of switching fromfatty meats to carbohydrates.Excessive carbohydrates haveled to epidemic proportions ofobesity, type 2 diabetes and thevery heart diseases that wereblamed on fats.Another outcome is the mas-

sive switch to vegetable oils.Studies are now indicating thatpeople consuming largeamounts of those oils are morevulnerable to cancer and anom-alies like gall stones. They arealso more likely to die from sui-cides. Speculation suggests thatpsychological behavior disordersmight be related to brain chem-istry caused by these dietarychanges. It may be caused byfatty acid imbalances and thedepletion of cholesterol.Vegetable oils are also known

to create cirrhosis of the liverand even early death. That out-come was certainly not whatAmericans bargained for whenthey were convinced to give upbutter and lard.Women may be killing them-

selves in ever greater numbersby adhering rigorously to thesedietary guidelines. One exampleis the insistence of maintaininglow cholesterol levels. Studiesnow reveal HIGH levels of totalcholesterol are equating tolonger lives at ages over 50.The long and the short of this

debacle is that Americans aregrowing sicker and fatter underthe nation’s dietary guidelinesthat trace lineage back to the socalled scientists like Keys. Thehalf century of vilifying andforegoing the consumption ofbeef, eggs, and whole fat dairyproducts has now become amodern day American decep-tion.Who among us have heard

about this nutritional study?The problem we face is the

sanctity offered by societaldefenses that protect the hordessuffering from educational inca-pacity. We are also churningthese sophisticated automatonsout in not just increasing num-bers but accelerating rates ofincrease.There is too much invested in

their existence and theirreserved fiefdom to expect selfcorrection. Who involved wouldstep up and admit the horrors ofthis debacle? Who among themwould even understand theplight they have wrought?Ron Arnold best expressed

the reach of the institutionalframework of this new orderpopulated by the likes of AncelBenjamin Keys. He wrote, “The… movement is a mature, highlydeveloped network of top lead-ership stewarding vast institu-tional memory, a fiercely loyalcadre of competent social andpolitical operatives and millionsof high demographic membersready to mobilize as needed.”He is right, and … America

is paying the absurd price.

Stephen L. Wilmeth is a rancher from south-ern New Mexico. “Someday a treatise must bewritten on the endless endurance and theimmensity of societal contribution by thecow. This society is not yet ready to under-stand those implications.”

Posted by Frank DuBois on The Westerner

Incapacity continued from page one

the condition, but, universally,the same forces of progres-sivism permeate all productivedeficit disorders of our society.This certainly spans politics. Italso includes government, con-servation, health, education,journalism, and too much of sci-ence.Those who actually create a

physical product are becomingthe exception and not the rule,and they are the primary targetsof… the educated incapacitators.

The genesisThe name is Ancel Benjamin

Keys.Keys set about studying the

dietary conditions that seemedto promote longevity. Onephase of his quest was to detailthe diet of peasants from theMediterranean island of Crete.Another was to determine whatwas taking place in places likeYugoslavia, Italy and Finlandthat contributed to long lives.The length of time from

commencement of the work toconclusion of results spannedfrom the end of World War II to1961. It was then Keys landed aposition on the nutritional com-mittee of the American HeartAssociation (AHA). The AHA,of course, was hugely influentialand it afforded a stage of gigan-tic proportions for Keys.There was some skepticism

on the part of AHA in the Keyspremise that animal fats werethe root cause of most afflic-tions, but the organization suc-cumbed to his hypothesis. Theirdecision was based largely onthe absence of parallel studiesdefending animal fats. Sincethere was no rebuttal, the Keywork stood without comparativereview. The consensus wasderived by default.

Fats, most specifically satu-rated fats, were labeled detri-mental to health. Beef wasnominated to the unbecomingposition as the ultimate vectorin the spread of the underlyingdisease complex.By 1977, the progressive bias

was gaining critical mass. It wasthen a Harvard nutritionist andKeys protégé, Mark Hegsted,convinced a Senate committeeto recommend the Keys diet.This was made official and uni-versally emphatic when theUSDA adopted Keys basedguidelines in 1980.The storm trooping incapaci-

tators were in business and beefwas declared public enemyNumero Uno.

The malicious truthMeanwhile, attempts to

duplicate the Keys findingswere constantly running intodifficulties. In fact, a reportedone billion dollars was burnedtrying to duplicate and dissectthe premises of his so calledresearch. Troubling findingstook place. It started with hiswork on Crete.The initial, critical Crete

research was done on post warisland residents when beef wasnot available because of warinduced rationing. The absenceof beef was a temporal condi-tion not a permanent one andcertainly not a cultural prefer-ence. Furthermore, the surveywas done during Lent when theislanders were foregoing theirlimited supplies of meat andcheese for the Easter season.Keys’s assessment was cor-

rupted. He purposefully pickedand chose his study groups. Heexcluded France where healthyomelet and beef eaters drankgallons of alcohol to enhance

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The Southeast BrangusBreeders Association(SBBA) will host a field dayat the Draggin’ M Ranch in

El Dorado, Ark., Aug. 22-23,2014. All IBBA members andcattle producers are encouragedto attend.The event will kick off Friday,

Aug. 22, with a social and dinner.Evon Crooks, president of theSBBA, said this will be the idealopportunity for Brangus breedersto meet and exchange ideas oncattle programs.“This is an opportunity to

learn about other genetics thatare available,” Crooks said. “It’salso an opportunity to networkwith other breeders, and anopportunity to look at other facil-ities. I would say those are thethree primary things an attendeewould get out of attending thefield day.”The Saturday program will

give breeders the opportunity tolisten to speakers discuss how toutilize EPDs more effectively,breeding programs, sire selection,and nutrition.“Nutrition is one of the big

issues that is always on the breed-er’s mind,” Crooks said. “How

can they get more pounds for thesame amount of feed . . . becausethat is what it’s all about.”In conjunction with educa-

tional material, the participantswill have the opportunity to tourthe Draggin’ M Ranch and evalu-ate seedstock, particularly sires.“We’ll have calves by sire

groups, so they will be able to seewhat those bulls can do,” saidJohn Milam, owner of the Drag-gin’ M Ranch.Milam and Crooks both agree

this event will be beneficial forbreeders to gain a social networkand exchange management tech-niques to improve Brangusgenetics as a whole.Milam said he was looking

forward to having the field day athis ranch. The Milams began uti-lizing Brangus genetics in 2004and have since grown to 440 reg-istered Brangus cows and 900total cows in his commercialoperation. Milam said he utilizesartificial insemination andembryo transplant to help himraise the best stock he can.“I always strive to improve on

techniques, management on anyendeavor that I ever involvemyself in,” Milam said.

SEBBA To Host Field Day

BY RON ARNOLD,

WASHINGTONEXAMINER.COM

The “Kill Keystone XL”crowd isn’t little David upagainst a Big Oil Goliath.As usual, conventional

wisdom isn’t wisdom when themainstream media ask all thewrong questions with com-mensurate answers.Behemoth Big Green out-

strips Big Oil in expendable rev-enue by orders of magnitude —if you know how to follow themoney.The mainstream media don’t

know how. Like most liberals,their staffs are afflicted withwhat 20th century futurist Her-man Kahn called “EducatedIncapacity” — the learnedinability to understand or evenperceive a problem, much less asolution.They’ve been taught to be

blind, unable to see Big Greenas having more disposable mon-ey than Big Oil, so they don’tlook into it.They would never discover

that the American PetroleumInstitute’s IRS Form 990 for themost recent year showed $237.9million in assets while the Natu-ral Resources Defense Councilreported $241.8 million.Nor would they discover who

started the anti-Keystone cam-paign in the first place. It wasthe $789 million RockefellerBrothers Fund (established in1940). The fund’s program iselaborated in a 2008 Power-Point presentation called “TheTar Sands Campaign” by pro-gram officer Michael Northrop,who set up coordination andfunding for a dozen environ-mental and anti-corporateattack groups to use the strate-gy, “raise the negatives, raise thecosts, slow down and stop infra-structure, and stop pipelines.”Tom Steyer’s $100 million soloact is naive underclass nouveaucheap by comparison.Mainstream reporters appear

not to be aware of the compo-nent parts that comprise BigGreen: environmentalist mem-bership groups, nonprofit lawfirms, nonprofit real estatetrusts (The Nature Conservancyalone holds $6 billion in assets),wealthy foundations giving pre-scriptive grants, and agenda-making cartels such as the 200-plus member EnvironmentalGrantmakers Association. Theyeach play a major socio-politicalrole.Invisible fact: the environ-

mental movement is a mature,highly developed network withtop leadership stewarding a vastinstitutional memory, a fiercelyloyal cadre of competent socialand political operatives, andmillions of high-demographicmembers ready to be mobilizedas needed.That membership base is a

built-in free public relations

machine responsive to the pushof a social media button sendingpolitically powerful “education-al” alerts that don’t show up onelection reports.Big Oil doesn’t have that, but

has to pay for lobbyists, publicrelations firms and supportgroups that do show up onreports.You don’t need expert skills

to connect the dots linking Key-stone XL to Alberta’s oil sandsto climate change to Big Green.On the other hand, you do

need detailed knowledge toparse Big Green into its con-stituent parts. I spoke with

Washington-based environmen-tal policy analyst Paul Driessen,who said, “U.S. environmentalactivist groups are a $13-billion-a-year industry — and they’re allabout PR and mobilizing thetroops.“Their climate change cam-

paign alone has well over a bil-lion dollars annually, and high-profile battles against drilling,fracking, oil sands and Keystoneget a big chunk of that, asdemonstrated by the Rockefellerassault.”Driessen then identified the

most-neglected of all moneysources in Big Green: “The lib-

eral foundations that give tar-geted grants to Big Green oper-ations have well over $100 bil-lion at their disposal.”That figure is confirmed in

the Foundation Center data-base of the Top 100 Founda-tions. But how much actuallygets to environmental groups?The Giving USA Institute’sannual reports show$80,427,810,000 (more than$80 billion) in giving to environ-mental recipients from 2000 to2012.I checked the U.S. Chamber

of Commerce and found $147.3million in assets while environ-

mental donor Gordon E. andBetty I. Moore Foundationposted $5.2 billion.Driessen pointed out another

unperceived sector of BigGreen: government donors.“Under President Obama, gov-ernment agencies have pouredtens of millions into nonprofitgroups for anti-hydrocarboncampaigns.”Weather Channel co-founder

John Coleman adds, “The feder-al government is currentlyspending $2.6 billion [per year]on climate change research (and


Mainstream media don’t know Big Greenhas deeper pockets than Big Oil

continued on page six


only those who support the ‘car-bon dioxide is a pollutant/majorgreenhouse gas’ receive fund-ing).”This web of ideological soul-

mates, like all movements, hasits share of turf wars and dissen-sion in the ranks, but, as dis-closed on conference tapes Iobtained, it shares a visceralhatred of capitalism, a worship-ful trust that nature knows best,and a callous belief that humansare not natural but the nemesisof all that is natural.Lawyer Christopher Manes

wrote “Green Rage: RadicalEnvironmentalism and theUnmaking of Civilization.”Manes now practices tax litiga-tion from his law office in PalmSprings, Calif., which he has notyet unmade.The legal branch of Big

Green is varied. Earthjustice,(formerly Sierra Club LegalDefense Fund) raked in $133.8million in the past five years —comparable to many similar laworganizations. Highly litigativeattack groups receiving federalsettlements are numerous andthriving, such as the Center forBiological Diversity ($29.2 mil-lion in the past five years).It’s not unusual for heirs of

big money to dream of unmak-ing the source of their wealth:Laura Rockefeller Chasin of theRockefeller Family Fund oncesaid, “It’s very hard to get rid ofthe money is a way that doesmore good than harm. One ofthe ways is to subsidize peoplewho are trying to change thesystem and get rid of people likeus.”The money reported to the

Federal Election Commission isbarely the beginning of what'sreally happening. It doesn’tshow you Big Green’s mobilizedboots on the ground, the zoom-ing Twitter tweets, the feveredprotesters, the Facebook fanat-ics or the celebrities preachingcarbon modesty from thelounges of their private jets.When self-righteous victims

of Educated Incapacity insistthat Big Oil outspends the poorlittle greenies, keep in mind themountains of IRS Form 990sfiled by thousands of groups,land trusts, lawyer outfits, foun-dations, and agenda-makers,just waiting for America to wakeup and smell Big Green's untoldhundreds of billions.

RON ARNOLD, a Washington Examinercolumnist, is executive vice president of theCenter for the Defense of Free Enterprise.

BY BEN SPENCER,

DAILYMAIL.CO.UK

Ascientific study whichsuggests global warminghas been exaggeratedwas rejected by a

respected journal because itmight fuel climate scepticism,it was claimed recently.The alarming intervention,

which raises fears of‘McCarthyist’ pressure forenvironmental scientists toconform, came after a reviewersaid the research was ‘less thanhelpful’ to the climate cause.Professor Lennart Bengts-

son, a research fellow at theUniversity of Reading and oneof five authors of the study,said he suspected that intoler-ance of dissenting views on cli-mate science was preventinghis paper from being pub-lished.‘The problem we now have

in the climate community is

that some scientists are mixingup their scientific role withthat of a climate activist,’ hetold the Times.Prof Bengtsson’s paper sug-

gests that the Earth’s environ-ment might be much less sensi-tive to greenhouse gases thanpreviously thought.If he and his four co-authors

are correct, it would mean thatcarbon dioxide and other pol-lutants are having a far lesssevere impact on climate thangreen activists would have usbelieve.The research, if made pub-

lic, would be a huge challengeto the finding of the UN’sIntergovernmental panel onClimate Change (IPCC), thatthe global average temperaturewould rise by up to 4.5C ifgreenhouse gases in the atmos-phere were allowed to double.The paper suggested that

the climate might be less sensi-tive to greenhouse gases than

had been claimed by the IPCCin its report last September,and recommended that morework be carried out ‘to reducethe underlying uncertainty’.The five contributing scien-

tists submitted the paper toEnvironmental Research Letters –a highly regarded journal – butwere told it had been rejected.A scientist asked by the journalto assess the paper under thepeer review process reportedlywrote: ‘It is harmful as it opensthe door for oversimplifiedclaims of “errors” and worsefrom the climate scepticsmedia side.’ Prof Bengtsson, 79, said it

was ‘utterly unacceptable’ toadvise against publishing apaper on the political grounds.He said: ‘It is an indication

of how science is graduallybeing influenced by politicalviews. The reality hasn’t beenkeeping up with the [comput-er] models.

‘If people are proposing todo major changes to theworld’s economic system wemust have much more solidinformation.’Next year the UN hopes to

broker an international agree-ment on reducing greenhousegas emissions, a replacementfor the Kyoto Protocol whichwould impose legally bindingtargets on every country.The last attempt, at the

Copenhagen conference in2009, ended in disaster, withrecriminations flying and allchances of a deal in tatters.The Paris conference in

December 2015 is thought bymany politicians to be the lastrealistic chance for a deal to bemade if disastrous climatechange is to be averted.A controversy at this stage

risks putting the science whichunderpins the negotiations atdoubt, something many – notleast politicians in Britain and

the US – will be keen to avoid.The publisher of the Envi-

ronmental Research Letters jour-nal last night said ProfessorBengtsson’s paper had beenrejected because it containederrors and did not sufficientlyadvance the science.A spokesman for IOP Pub-

lishing said: ‘The paper, co-authored by Lennart Bengts-son, was originally submittedto Environmental Research Let-ters as a research Letter.‘This was peer-reviewed by

two independent reviewers,who reported that the papercontained errors and did notprovide a significant advance-ment in the field, and thereforefailed to meet the journal’srequired acceptance criteria.‘As a consequence, the inde-

pendent reviewers recommend-ed that the paper should notbe published in the journalwhich led to the final editorialdecision to reject the paper.’

Paper suggests that climate is less sensitiveto greenhouse gases than previously thought

Mainstream continued from page five

Riding Herd continued from page one

rocks, b) now have two imprints on your chestin the shape of horseshoes, c) are lucky to stillbe alive.#5 You reach up to milk a Guernsey and

instead of finding a bag with four finger likeprojectiles you find a sack hanging down withtwo tangerine sized thingies in it. Should you,a) go ahead and try to milk the “cow” by pullingon the sack real hard, b) go ahead and hook itup to a milking machine, c) run for your life andclimb very rapidly the first good sized tree youcome to.#6 Jennets, Jennys and Vladimer Putin are

members of the, a) Corleone family b) Kar-dashian family c) Osmond family d) ass family.#7 If you put a Brown Swiss, Suffolk, Poland

China, Frenchman, and Santa Gertrudis all inone pen for one month you’d end up with, a)one dead sheep b) a hog with a new craving formilk c) a better smelling Frenchman, d) a Swiss

Santa.#8 Which of the following would you expect

to find to find in a fast food burger? a) Aussiecow b) horsemeat c) Holsteins d) kangaroo e)depends on which fast food joint.#9 Tail biting, cribbing, and cannibalism are

often found in, a) animals kept in close confine-ment, b) the U.S. Congress.#10 Essay question: What are the other three

quarters of a Quarter Horse?If any student fails to pass this test they have

to go stand in line at the Department of MotorVehicles for six weeks and retake this test, orone like it, until they can pass it. Anyone scor-ing less than 60 percent after a dozen attemptswould henceforth be forced to live on a diet ofvegetarian lasagna, eggplant tacos, and tofuwaffles the rest of their pitiful life as they clearlydo not deserve, or possess the intelligence, toeat real food.


BY SHAWN REGAN,

PERC—THE PROPERTY

AND ENVIRONMENT

RESEARCH CENTER

Originally appeared at TheAmerican Conservative on May23, 2014.

In 1994, economists TerryAnderson and Fred McChes-ney proposed a simple theoryof violence on the American

frontier. Their paper, published inthe Journal of Law and Economics,modeled an important choice thatwhite settlers and Indians facedwhen conflicts arose over landclaims: Would the two groupsfight or negotiate to resolve dis-putes? Or to put it another way,would they raid or trade?The answer, they said, depend-

ed on the relative costs of raidingand trading. If the costs of fightingdecreased, perhaps because oneside developed superior weaponry,then disputes were more likely toturn violent. If the costs of negoti-ation fell, perhaps because atribe’s land rights were clear andrecognized by other tribes, thengroups were more likely to bargainto get what they wanted. After all,trade is profitable. Fighting iscostly.Looking back through the his-

torical record, Anderson andMcChesney found that thisstraightforward economic logicexplained much about Indian-white relations. But their theoryextends beyond just the old west-ern frontier. It sheds light on whywe often fight the way we do—especially in the West today.In the century following the

American Revolution, life on thefrontier gradually evolved from an

era of peaceful negotiation to oneof violent takings. This evolutionwas reflected in the relative costsof raiding and trading as the fron-tier advanced westward. Forinstance, tribes in the easternUnited States were primarily agri-cultural societies with clearly spec-ified rights to land. Because theserights were well defined andrespected among other tribes,peaceful negotiation was in factcommon between whites andIndians in the East. As the frontierexpanded further west, however,Indian land rights became lessclear. Plains Indians were morenomadic and reliant on wanderingbison herds. This made it difficultfor western tribes to enforce landclaims, making trading more cost-ly.But perhaps the most impor-

tant shift from trading to raidingwas the rise of a standing armyafter the Civil War. A standingarmy dramatically lowered thecost of fighting. It also createdmilitary bureaucrats whose careersand budgets depended on contin-ued fighting. “God only knowswhen, and I do not see how, wecan make a decent excuse for anIndian war,” General Shermancomplained in 1866. It didn’t takelong to find that excuse. MoreIndian-white battles occurred dur-ing the post-war period than atany other time, and raiding quick-ly supplanted trading on the fron-tier.The raid-or-trade model can be

applied today to a number ofareas where groups compete forcontrol over limited resources.The range war brewing on federallands in the West, witnessed lastmonth in the standoff on ClivenBundy’s ranch in Nevada, is case

in point. There, where more thanhalf of the land in western states isowned by the federal government,disputes like Bundy’s occur on anear daily basis. In many ways,these federal lands resemble theold western frontier—largelyuntapped and, at least in a politi-cal sense, available for the taking.Mr. Bundy’s case represents

just about everything that’s wrongwith federal land managementtoday. Environmental groups fileendless legal challenges over landmanagement, forcing agencies todeclare more and more areas offlimits to grazing, timber harvest-ing, or energy development.Armed with the EndangeredSpecies Act and other regulatoryweapons, environmental groupsraid the rights of existing federalland users to protect habitats theylike and to stop activities theydon’t like. The result is a federalland system strangled by what for-mer U.S. Forest Service chief JackWard Thomas describes as a“Gordian knot” of litigation andregulation.The dispute on the Bundy

Ranch began with a raid of thisvery sort. In 1993, the federal gov-ernment—under pressure fromenvironmental groups—forced areduction in Bundy’s grazing per-mit, declaring the allotment heused as habitat for the federallyprotected desert tortoise. Becausefederal grazing permits areattached to specific private ranch-es or base properties, such reduc-tions can imply a substantial lossto a base ranch’s value. (Bundyholds title to just 160 acres, so thevast majority of his ranch’s valuewas derived from his permit tograze cattle on the 158,666-acreBunkerville Allotment.)

Raids like this are all too com-mon across the West, as ranchers’grazing permits have been weak-ened or taken by the feds at thebehest of environmental groups.Just as in the Old West, where therise of a standing army encour-aged more raiding of Indian lands,the regulatory institutions of theNew West have given rise to astanding army of environmentallitigators capable of runningroughshod over the rights of exist-ing land users.The raid or trade model pro-

vides a simple explanation for whywe fight the way we do: It’s justtoo easy to raid, and too difficultto trade. But it also teaches usthat it doesn’t have to be that way.As I wrote in the Wall Street

Journal, some environmentalistshave begun to trade rather thanraid to get what they want. In sev-eral cases, environmental groupshave paid ranchers to relinquishtheir grazing permits to protectwildlife habitat. Others have pur-chased base properties andacquired the federal grazing per-mits attached to them, spendingtheir own money raised frommember donations. Outside ofYellowstone, environmentalistshave bargained with ranchers toretire federal grazing permits,compensated ranchers for lossesdue to wildlife, and negotiatedcontracts that allow bison tomigrate through private land dur-ing certain times of the year.Deals such as these are an

exception to the raiding that isrampant across the West. Butthey represent a fundamentallydifferent choice in the raid-or-trade calculus—one that recog-nizes existing property rights andseeks an honest bargain. Under-

standing how and when thesetrades occur is an important stepto finding ways to lower the costsof negotiation far enough toencourage less raiding and moretrading.As I noted in the Journal, the

institutions that govern federallands are ill-equipped to reconciletoday’s competing demands in acooperative manner. They weredesigned in accordance with thevalues of an earlier era, and withlittle regard to the simple fact thatvalues change. Until these institu-tions evolve as well, trades like theones I have described are likely toremain the exception rather thanthe norm.The history of Indian-white

relations suggests one importantway to encourage more trading:Property rights must be secureand transferable. But as Mr.Bundy discovered when his permitwas sacrificed for the sake of tor-toise habitat, grazing permits arefar from secure. The Taylor Graz-ing Act, the 1934 act that regu-lates grazing on federal lands,refers only to “grazing privileges,”and recent regulations have con-tinually weakened the security ofthose privileges. Trading will pre-vail only when grazing privilegesare recognized as secure propertyrights. (Of course, the best way toencourage trading is for federalrangelands to be privatized com-pletely. This is unlikely to happenany time soon, so it is useful tofind intermediate solutions thatpromote trading. In order for thatto happen, grazing permits mustbe treated as property rights to thefullest extent possible.)Even if grazing rights are well

Raiding and trading in the American West

continued on page eight


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defined and respected, they mustalso be transferable. Federal graz-ing rules, however, generally pre-vent ranchers from trading permitsto environmentalists who do notintend to run livestock on the land.As one environmental group inArizona found out when they pur-chased a base property in 2005,the associated grazing permitrequired them to graze cattle orlose the permit. Such a require-ment clearly raises the costs oftrading for groups that want to userangelands for purposes other thangrazing.Several of the deals that occur

today are less than ideal due tosuch trade barriers. Environmentalgroups pay ranchers to relinquishtheir permits but then must con-vince the BLM to temporarilyretire the allotment to keep otherranchers from claiming it asunused. In a grazing regime likethis—with weak property rightsand restrictions on the transfersthat are allowed—it’s no wondermost environmentalists raid ratherthan trade.It’s not clear that ranchers ben-

efit from a regime that discouragestrading either. An analysis of fed-eral grazing permits by economistsMyles Watts and Lorraine Eganfound a seemingly backwards eco-nomic result: As the value of thefederal rangeland rises, thanks toincreasing demands for environ-mental uses, grazing permit valueshave declined. “If the rights tograzing permits were secure andtransferable,” Watts and Eganexplain, “then grazing permits val-ues would not decrease in value asnoncommercial uses become moredesired.” Indeed, the oppositewould happen. Permits wouldbecome more valuable as compet-ing groups bargained for gainsfrom trade. Since grazing rightscannot be traded in market institu-tions based on property rights theyare liable to be raided throughpolitical institutions, castinguncertainty on their value today.Of course, in order for trading

to succeed, groups must be pre-vented from simply taking whatthey want at little or no cost tothemselves. But today’s standingarmy of environmental litigatorsbenefit from raiding rather thantrading—and, in many cases, thefederal government even ends upfooting the bill for environmentalgroups that sue. Any attempt topromote trading must also reducethese groups’ regulatory power toraid.At the same time, much more

needs to be done to lower thecosts of trading among competinggroups. Leasing reforms are need-ed to accommodate a host of dif-ferent values on federal land, andpermits should be recognized assecure and transferable propertyrights. Moreover, those permitsshould be allowed to migrate totheir most-valued use, whetherthat’s cattle grazing or tortoisehabitat.What’s certain is that today’s

federal land institutions promotefar too much raiding. As theBundy standoff has shown us, con-flicts over land use can erupt intofull-on range wars. The raid-or-

trade model provides a clear anduseful lesson: If property rightsare well defined and transferable,then disputes among even themost diverse groups are more like-ly to get resolved peacefully. Find-ing ways to strengthen propertyrights, even in the context of fed-eral lands, would go a long way tochanging how we fight over landin the West—or whether we evenfight at all.

Raiding continued from page seven

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To place your Real Estate Guide listings,

contact RANDY SUMMERS at 505/243-9515 or RON ARCHER

at 505/865-6011SCOTT MCNALLY

www.ranchesnm.com575/622-5867575/420-1237

Ranch Sales & Appraisals

Bar MReal Estate

Tom HardestySam Hubbell520-609-2456

Tom HardestySam Hubbell520-609-2456

��"�#�� #��#��!��#��#��#��

O’NEILL LAND, LLCP.O. Box 145, Cimarron, NM 87714 • 575/376-2341 • Fax: 575/376-2347

[email protected] • www.swranches.com

Good inventory in the Miami, Springer, Maxwell and Cimarron area. Great year-round climate suitable for horses. Give yourself and your horses a break and come on up to the Cimarron Country.

Miami Horse Training Facility. Ideal horsetraining facility w/large 4 bedroom 3 bath-room approx 3,593 sq ft home, 248.32± deed-ed acres, 208 irrigation shares, 30' X 60' metalsided shop/ bunk house, 8 stall barn w/tackroom, 7 stall barn w/storage, 10 stall opensided barn w/10 ft alley, 2 stall loafing shed, 1411' x 24' Run-In Shelters, 135' Round Pen,Priefert six horse panel walker. Many morefeatures & improvements. All you need for aserious horse operation in serious horse coun-try of Miami New Mexico. Additional 150 acresavailable on south side of road. Miami is at theperfect year round horse training elevation of6,200. Far enough south to have mostly mildwinters. Convenient to I-25. $1,550,000.REDUCED! Miami Horse Heaven. Very pri-vate approx. 4,800 sq. ft. double-walled adobe4 bed., 3 bath home w/many custom features,77.5± deeded acres & 77.25± water shares,large 7 stall horse barn, large insulated metalshop, large haybarn/equipment shed, all for

$1,375,000, plus an additional 160+/- deededacres w/142 water shares avail. $560,000 (sub-ject to purchase of 77.5± deeded acre parcel.)

Krause Ranch. 939.37 +/- deeded acres. 88Springer Ditch Company water shares. Mostlywest of I;25, exit 414. Big views. $725,000.Miami Mountain View. 80± deeded acresw/80 water shares & house. $540,000.Miami. 10± deeded acres, awesome home,total remodel, awesome views $295,000.Miami WOW. Big home in Santa Fe Style greatfor family on 3 acres. $249,000.Miami Tangle Foot. 10.02± deeded acresw/water shares & meter. $118,000.Maxwell. 19.5± deeded acres, water, out-buildings, great horse set up. $$223344,,000000..

Canadian River. 39.088± deeded acres,w/nice ranch home & river. $279,000. CCOONN--TTRRAACCTT PPEENNDDIINNGG

O’NEILL AGRICULTURAL, LLC

“Offers computer-generated color custom mapping service on digital USGS base maps. Hang a map in your office that looks like your ranch, w/water lines, pastures & roads etc. Put your ranch on one piece of paper.”

SOCORRO COUNTY HORSE FARM

In the Rio Grande Valley.Custom-built home with 100

acres of irrigated land. House hasapproximately 3,700 sq. ft., 4

bedrooms, and 2 baths. One hourfrom Albuquerque Int’l Airport.Close to 5 racetracks: Sunland,Ruidoso, Albuquerque, Santa Fe

and Farmington.

POLVEDERA, NMHorse facility on 7 acres. Metalbarn with 22 stables. Hay barn,

work shop, 2 mfg. homes$169,000.

1100 ACRE RANCHin San Antonio, NM

$335,000. BLM allotment

W-RRANCH

18,560 ACRES20 MILES NORTHEAST

OF ROSWELL, N.M.

CHARLES BENNETTUnited Country / Vista Nueva, Inc.575/356-5616www.vista-nueva.com

� 680 Deeded Acres

� 17,900 State Lease Acres

� 927 BLM Acres

� 300 Animal Units Year Long

� Good fences; 4-strand barbwire

� Newly remodeled Southwestern Home

� Good water; windmill and submergible tanks

� $1,800,000

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Parker Joins IIAD Team

Elizabeth Parker, DVM, isbringing her unique experi-ence in domestic and interna-tional animal health policy to

the Institute for Infectious AnimalDiseases (IIAD) where she willserve as the chief veterinarianeffective August 18, 2014. Skilledin navigating the intricaciesbetween science, government andpracticality, Dr. Parker adds animpressive set of skills to an alreadystrong research, development andprogrammatic team.Dr. Parker comes to IIAD from

the Food and Agriculture Organi-zation of the United Nations(FAO) in Rome, Italy, where sheserves as an animal health officerin the Animal Production andHealth Division, a position she hasheld since January 2012. Prior toher international services, Dr.Parker was the Chief Veterinarianfor the National Cattlemen’s BeefAssociation in Washington, D.C.,where she served the nation’s beefindustry by leading the associa-tion’s domestic and internationalanimal health efforts. During hertime in Washington, D.C., she alsoserved the House Committee onAgriculture, first as the 1999-2000American Veterinary MedicalAssociation’s Congressional Sci-ence Fellow for Ranking MemberCharlie Stenholm (D-TX), then asa professional staff member forthen-Chairman Larry Combest(R-TX), followed by ChairmanBob Goodlatte (R-VA). Duringher time on the committee from1999 to 2006, she worked on fruitand vegetable issues, viticulture,marketing orders and promotionprograms, livestock issues, animaland plant health, pesticides,biotechnology, homeland security,food safety and honey issues. Sheholds a Doctorate of VeterinaryMedicine and two bachelor of sci-ence degrees, all from Texas A&MUniversity.At IIAD, Dr. Parker will utilize

her extensive national and interna-tional experience and network todevelop collaborations betweenIIAD and animal health stakehold-ers, including private business,agriculture associations and veteri-nary practitioners, as well as feder-al and international governments.“As the Institute expands its part-nerships globally, it is importantthat we have a dedicated profes-sional on staff to foster and facili-tate these relationships” says Tam-my Beckham, IIAD director. “Dr.Parker’s international experience,combined with her professionaleducation and practical approach,makes her an ideal fit for this role.”In addition to her work with

IIAD, Parker will hold a jointappointment with the Office of theDirector, Texas A&M AgriLifeResearch, serving as a subject mat-ter expert related to livestock andanimal health. In this role, she willassist with research proposals,technical and operational respons-es, grant writing and other fundingrequests for veterinary and animalhealth efforts.“Healthy animals are the foun-

continued on page eleven

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Mafi to serve as Angus regionalmanager for Kansas and Oklaho-ma

The American Angus Associ-ation® welcomes Jeff Mafiof Coyle, Okla., as the newregional manager for

Kansas and Oklahoma. Bringingyears of experience in the pure-bred business to the Angusbreed, Mafi will play a significantrole in helping Association mem-bers identify herd goals, learnnew programs and services, andgrow into the future.“It’s a tremendous honor to

be part of the American AngusAssociation,” Mafi says. “I trulylook forward to getting started,meeting the producers in myarea and learning how I can bestserve them in my new role.”As a regional manager, Mafi

will represent the Angus breed atvarious cattle events, sales, showsand other activities throughoutthe territory. Breeders areencouraged to ask him questionsabout Association programs andservices, or for help locatingAngus seedstock. He can alsoadvise producers on marketingopportunities available throughthe Association, including adver-tising through the Angus Journal

and other avenues.“Jeff’s wealth of experience

lends itself well to connectingwith Angus breeders and theircommercial customers, sharinginformation on the latest pro-grams, and genuinely helpingthem move their herds forward,”says Bryce Schumann, Associa-tion chief executive officer.A native of Oklahoma, Mafi

graduated from Oklahoma StateUniversity (OSU) with a bache-lor’s degree in animal scienceand a master’s degree in meatscience.He previously served as senior

herdsman for the OSU PurebredBeef Cattle Center in Stillwater,Okla. For nearly eight years, hisgeneral responsibilities includedmanaging genetic selection andbreeding for all females, develop-ing bulls for registered and com-mercial breeders, and managingthe annual production sale.Throughout his time in the

business, Mafi has also served asa member of the OSU AnimalScience Alumni AssociationBoard of Directors, was a pastpresident of the IntercollegiateLivestock Judging CoachesAssociation, and an instructor forthe Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Animal Science.

Mafi Joins the American Angus Association

Another anti-rancher monument

On May 21, 2014 PresidentObama issued a proclama-tion to create the 500,000acre Organ Mountains-

Desert Peaks National Monu-ment. Unfortunately it containedthe same bad grazing language aswas used in the Rio Grande delNorte National Monument.The proclamations say grazing

can continue but it must be “con-sistent” with the purposes of themonument, in other wordswildlife, recreation, science andso on. As I’ve written before, thissets up a dual management sys-tem where the items listed as pur-poses become the dominant use,while grazing becomes sub-servient. This consistency lan-guage is a relatively new phenom-enon. For instance there was noconsistency language in PresidentClinton’s proclamation creatingthe huge Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument.However, the enviros weren’twinning some of their lawsuitsagainst grazing in monuments sothe consistency language hasbeen added. All of this has beenexplained to Senators Udall andHeinrich, but to no avail.They have now hit the north-

ern and southern parts of NewMexico and those living in otherareas of the state better getready. The New Mexico Wilder-ness Alliance has identified overthree million acres they want tosee “protected” and PresidentObama, while signing this most

recent proclamation said, “And Iam not finished.”

The tale of two UdallsI’m not the only one con-

cerned about the negative impacton grazing a monument designa-tion will bring. On the same day Senator Tom

Udall introduced his legislation(S. 1805) to designate the monu-ment, his cousin, Senator MarkUdall (D-Colo.) introduced legis-lation (S. 1794) to do the same inColorado. His approach to graz-ing is far different than NewMexico’s Udall.First, grazing is mentioned in

the Findings section with the fol-lowing language: permanently protecting the valuesdescribed in paragraph (1) whilesustaining the local ranching econo-my would enhance the economicprosperity of local communities thatdepend on the areaThen he includes grazing in

the Purposes section with thislanguage: to sustain traditional uses in theBrowns Canyon area, includinghunting, angling, livestock grazing,commercial outfitting, and boatingAnd in the Management sec-

tion he has the following lan-guage on grazing:. . . the laws (including regulations)and policies followed by the Secre-tary concerned in issuing andadministering grazing permits orleases for the National Monumentshall continue to apply in the samemanner as on the day before the dateof enactment of this Act.

My column this monthcovers monuments, mice,wild horses and Gandhi

(ii) Effect of designation.–Thereshall be no curtailment of grazingin the National Monument orWilderness simply because of a des-ignation under this Act.(iii) Adjustments.–Any adjustmentsin the numbers of livestock permittedto graze in the National Monumentor Wilderness shall be based on revi-sions in the normal grazing andland management planning andpolicy setting process, giving consid-eration to legal mandates, rangecondition, and the protection ofrange resources from deterioration.That’s pretty strong wording

and you won’t find the “consis-tency” language because livestockgrazing is listed as one of the pur-poses.The Colorado Udall wants to

protect special lands, but do so ina manner that also protectsranching and the local economy,while the New Mexico Udallwants to designate monumentsand wilderness and is apparentlyunconcerned about the negativeimpacts on our ranching families.

Ratones sí, ganado noWhat’s the big deal about a

measly 23 acres in a 200 cow out-fit? Well, it’s a darn big deal whenit controls your access to water.On the Lincoln National For-

est the feds have put a pipe fencearound the banks of the AguaChiquita to protect a riparianarea and habitat for the meadowjumping mouse. In response, theOtero County Commissionpassed a resolution instructingthe County Sheriff to “immedi-ately take steps to remove oropen gates that are unlawfullydenying citizens access to theirprivate property rights.” Thatmade the national news andresulted in a meeting in the U.S.Attorney’s office in Albuquerque.According to Blair Dunn, the

attorney representing OteroCounty, the meeting was a disap-pointment. “It was very frustrat-ing for the sheriff and the countycommissioners to go all that way,have that meeting in good faith,

and nobody in that room fromthe federal government ever hadany intention of compromising,”said Dunn. Otero County Com-missioner Ronny Rardin indicat-ed the dispute is far from oversaying, “Ultimately, it is incum-bent upon the commission, thesheriff and the citizens of OteroCounty to stand up for our con-stitutional rights.” CongressmanPearce says, “These disputescould be easily avoided if federalbureaucrats would stick to theirconstitutional oath and respectproperty rights” and Gary Stone,President of the local cattlemen’sassociation says, “If we let themtake over our water rights, that’sthe first step. Then we wouldhave nothing left here.”A Forest Service official has

explained the fence was author-ized using the NEPA process andto even open the gate they wouldhave to repeat the lengthy plan-ning document. If the ForestService really wanted that gateopen you can bet the FONSIwould have already been com-pleted and filed. In the meantime, Otero

County Sheriff Benny House sayshe will continue his investigationto determine if the Forest Servicebroke any state laws.

Wild horses & wild ridesIn Utah and Nevada there are

contentious issues over wild hors-es, access roads and livestockgrazing.Utah ranchers are suing BLM

for not removing the prescribednumber of horses, which aredenuding the range and causingall sorts of resource damage. Theyare doing so with the backing of

two counties, state wildlife offi-cials and the Governor. Onecounty commissioner says BLM’srecent proposal to remove 200horses is a “joke”.Another Utah county commis-

sioner has fired up his ATV totake a ride on a road the BLMclaims is on their land and hasclosed. He and an estimated fiftyother protesters did this in spiteof BLM’s threat to prosecute.In Nevada, Elko County

Commissioner Grant Gerber isreacting to BLM’s order to notallow livestock grazing on select-ed allotments for all of 2014. Heis organizing a “Grass March”where individuals on MemorialDay weekend will ride their hors-es over a seventy mile trek fromElko to Battle Mountain. Gerbersays the “Grass March” is pat-terned after Gandhi’s “SaltMarch” in the 1930s. Gerberexplains the British government“had a total monopoly on all salt.A citizen of India was even pre-vented from distilling a little saltfrom ocean water for his family.All salt had to be bought from theBritish government. In Nevadathe federal government has amonopoly on Nevada land andthe grass. The government owns87 percent of the land, but alsoexercises total control over muchof the private land as well. Theeffective control of the govern-ment exceeds 92 percent of thegrass in Nevada.”Let’s hope the “Grass March”

is as successful as the “SaltMarch”.

Frank DuBois was the NM Secretary of Agriculturefrom 1988 to 2003, is the author of a blog: TheWesterner www.thewesterner.blogspot.com)and is the founder of The DuBois Rodeo Scholar-ship (http://www.nmsu.edu/~duboisrodeo/).

By Frank DuBois


Livestock Market Digest’s

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The best read annualpublication in thelivestock industry!

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Mafi Joins the American Angus Association

Summer is the primary sea-son for many equine com-petitions, and intenseexercise coupled with a

high ambient temperature canquickly put a horse in the dangerzone of heat-related illness.“There are several things a per-

son can do to prevent their horsefrom developing heatstroke, orhyperthermia,” said Jason Turner,New Mexico State University’sExtension equine specialist. “Themost important things are to pre-pare your horse for a heat stressenvironment and to be aware ofyour horse’s body temperaturewhile in that environment.”Heatstroke may occur when a

horse’s body temperature goeshigher than the normal rectaltemperature range of 99 to 100.5degrees. The horse’s natural ther-moregulatory mechanisms arecapable of maintaining this nor-mal body temperature exceptwhen overwhelmed by severe cir-cumstances, such as disease orintense exercise in hot climates.“Heatstroke is a serious condi-

tion that can be fatal if not dealtwith quickly,” said Turner. “Thereare several signs that the horse isexperiencing hyperthermia. How

the horse is acting is one of thefirst visual signs.”Is it lethargic? Is it sweating

profusely? Or is there an absenceof sweating altogether? Perspira-tion is the way animals reducetheir body temperature when itincreases above a normal range.The sweat that is produced evap-orates and cools the body surface.“Some horses may suffer from

a condition called anhidrosis, adisorder where the horse does notsweat normally,” Turner said.“These horses are especiallyprone to hyperthermia if notmanaged appropriately. The spe-cific cause of anhidrosis isunknown; however, it is thoughtthat there is a physiological defectat the level of the sweat glandthat inhibits sweating. A veteri-narian can perform diagnostictests that can confirm this condi-tion if the owner suspects theirhorse might be afflicted.”Clinical signs that the horse is

experiencing heatstroke are ele-vated respiratory rate of 40 to 50breaths per minute instead of thenormal eight to 16; heart rate of80 or more beats per minutecompared to the normal restingheart rate of 36 to 44 beats per

minute; and a rectal temperatureover 103 degrees.“Hyperthermia most often

occurs as a result of inadequatephysical conditioning, extremehot and humid conditions, aweakened thermoregulatory sys-tem, or a combination of thethree,” Turner said. “The heatindex, which is the temperatureplus humidity, gives a means ofassessing the danger that extremeenvironmental conditions pose tohorses performing intense exer-cise in such an environment.”If the heat index is less than

130, which occurs at 100 degreesand 30 percent relative humidity,the horse’s built-in cooling mech-anisms are usually capable of dis-sipating the excess body headgenerated during exercise.“However, when the heat

index is greater than 150, whichoccurs at 100 degrees and 50 per-cent or higher relative humidity,the horse will probably needassistance in order to preventheatstroke,” Turner said. “Ownersshould proceed cautiously when,or seek alternatives to, exercisinghorse in situations where the heatindex is greater than 170 or therelative humidity is above 75 per-

Horse specialist warns of heat-related illness

First Case in the US This Year

Vesicular stomatitis (VS)has been detected in fivehorses in far SouthwestTexas, (in Kinney County,

southeast of Del Rio, TX). TheU.S. Department of AgricultureAnimal and Plant HealthInspection Service (APHIS)confirmed the viral infection ofthe five horses. The horses weretested after the owner observedblistering and swelling on theanimals' muzzles and contactedtheir veterinary practitioner.Testing at the National Veteri-nary Services Laboratories(NVSL) confirmed the virus asthe New Jersey serotype.VS can cause blisters and

sores in the mouth and on thetongue, muzzle, teats or hoovesof horses, cattle, swine, sheep,goats, llamas and a number ofother animals. Lesions usuallywill heal in two or three weeks.Because of the contagiousnature of VS and its resemblanceto other diseases such as footand mouth disease (FMD), ani-mal health officials urge live-stock owners and caretakers toreport these symptoms to their

veterinarian immediately. Mostanimals recover well with sup-portive care by a veterinarian,but some lesions can be painful.The newly identified infected

group of horses is currentlyunder quarantine by the TAHC.Affected and exposed horses willbe monitored by regulatory vet-erinarians until all lesions havehealed and a decision is made torelease the quarantine (a mini-mum of 21 days). There is noknown exposure to other horsesaround the state, or at anyequine events. No other cases ofVS have been identified in theimmediate area or elsewhere inthe state.Dr. Dee Ellis, Texas’ State

Veterinarian and TAHC Execu-tive Director, said “Livestockowners should use the bestmeans possible to limit exposureof their livestock to insect bites.”It is thought that insects are animportant vector in the transmis-sion of VS. Sand flies and blackflies likely play a role in the virustransmission, so controllinginsects is important. “VS out-breaks are extremely sporadicand years may lapse betweencases. The last confirmed case of

VS in Texas was in 2009,” Dr.Ellis stated.Some states and other coun-

tries may restrict movement of,or impose additional require-ments for susceptible animalsfrom states having known casesof VS, therefore contact thestate or country of origin fortheir requirements prior to mov-ing livestock.“If you suspect your animal

may have VS, you should notifyyour veterinarian immediately,”said Dr. Andy Schwartz, Assis-tant Executive Director andState Epidemiologist. “VS is nothighly contagious to people butit can cause flu-like illness ifinfected saliva gets into an openwound, eyes or mouth. Peoplehandling potentially infectedanimals should wear gloves forprotection, and talk with theirphysician if they have ques-tions,” Dr. Schwartz stated.

For more information about VS visitwww.tahc.state.tx.us/news/brochures/TAHCBrochure_VS. pdf .

A USDA APHIS-VS fact sheet about VesicularStomatitis is available atwww.aphis.usda.gov/publications/animal_health/content/printable_version/fs_vesicular_stomatitis_2012.pdf

Vesicular Stomatitis Detected inFive Horses in Kinney County, Texas

cent, since these conditionsseverely diminish the effective-ness of the horse’s thermoregula-tory systems.“Prevention is the best medi-

cine” also goes for heat stress forhorses. With our normal low rela-tive humidity, New Mexico’s aridclimate is not usually a pre-dis-posing factor to heat stress inhorses. However, one needs toconsider the climate at the com-petition location. For example, aNew Mexico-trained horse that isshipped to North Central Texasor Oklahoma in July or August isnot acclimated to that area. Envi-ronmental conditions thereincrease the likelihood of heatstress in horses not accustomedto the heat and humidity.“If it is possible, avoid strenu-

ous exercise of horses when theheat index is near the dangerzone,” Turner said. “This mayrequire adjusting your training orexercise schedule to do intensework early in the morning or lateat night when ambient tempera-tures are lower.”If a horse must be worked in a

heat index situation, Turner sug-gest owners view the NMSUExtension guide regarding help-ing horses handle heat stresslocated on College of Agricul-tural, Consumer and Envi-

ronmental Sciences websiteat aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_b/b-711/welcome.html.“There are several means of

relieving heat stress,” Turner said.“The primary goal is to lower thehorse’s body temperature as rap-idly as possible, and this is doneby employing ‘active cooling’methods that make the most effi-cient use of the heat loss mecha-nism that include evaporation,conduction, convection and radi-ation.”Those methods includes cool

water bathing, which can bedone with a garden hose or asponge and bucket; increasing airflow by placing the horse in frontof a fan or in a natural breeze;shading by keeping the horse outof the sun; and drinking coolwater by giving the horse waterto restore the body fluids lost insweat.“Sweating results in a signifi-

cant loss of body fluid, so it isimportant to monitor the horseand ensure that normal body flu-id levels are maintained,” Turnersaid. “Horses that are moderatelydehydrated, 4 to 9 percent loss ofbody fluid, will show decreasedskin elasticity, poor capillary refilltime of the gums, reduced salivaproduction, sunken eye sockets,muscle weakness and fatigue.”

dation of a safe food supply andstrong livestock sector. As IIADproducts and programs grow andexpand, it is important to beinvolved with our partnersthroughout the entire develop-ment and deployment process toensure we are meeting the needsof our customers – from Texasfarmers and ranchers, privateindustry and government,” says

Parker. “IIAD is a leader inresearch, technology and educa-tion related to animal diseaseissues, and I look forward to beingpart of the Institute and thedynamic Texas A&M team, facili-tating this important link betweenIIAD and its customers.”“Dr. Parker is an experienced

policy professional with expertisein science and technology issues,

coupled with excellent analyticalskills,” says Beckham. “She is astrong leader and an effective com-municator with impressive consen-sus-buildings kills. Her knowledgeof U.S. and international protocol,and experience in all levels of gov-ernment will ensure IIAD’s proj-ects and partnerships continue tolead the way in protecting agricul-ture and public health globally.”

Parker continued from page nine


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BY KRWG NEWS AND PARTNERS

Robert Flynn and Ian Ray,both alfalfa experts atNew Mexico State Uni-versity, have been

researching a new drought-toler-ant alfalfa variety.The Billy Melton variety,

developed by Ray, NMSU pro-fessor of agronomy, was namedin honor of Bill Melton, anNMSU professor who had analfalfa-breeding program in thelate 1970s and began developingvarieties that had higher droughttolerance.Ray and Flynn evaluated the

NuMex Bill Melton varietyunder stress-inducing factors,such as using sufficient to limit-ed water. Compared to otherdrought-tolerant varieties, suchas the Wilson variety, it pro-duced better yields and betterquality.Research proved that this

variety performs under droughtconditions as well as under regu-lar irrigation practices usingmore water. This alfalfa variety was

released in June 2009 and wasfavorably reviewed by theNational Alfalfa and Miscella-neous Legume Variety ReviewBoard in January 2010.“A lot of alfalfa varieties do

well under normal irrigationpractices, but once water is with-held, they don’t do so well,” saidFlynn, agronomist at NMSU’sAgricultural Science Center atArtesia. “This variety offers thepromise of production in a cli-

NMSU Creates Drought-Tolerant Alfalfamate where production may nothave been possible before.”Contrary to popular belief,

this variety was not geneticallymodified. It took almost 12 yearsto make, slowly being createdand curated using traditionalmethods and was specificallydesigned to meet the needs ofgrowers across New Mexico.“It takes time to develop a

variety like this,” Flynn said.“Sequences of genes in the plantinfluence yields even when thereis lack of water. Ray took thosegenes and incorporated theminto a new line that carries thatmarker and performs well.”Ray used state-of-the-art

technology to find the geneticcodes that allow this alfalfa topersist under drought conditionsand yield marketable alfalfawhere others can’t.“Since this cultivar yields well

in wet and dry soil conditions, itshould help farmers have morestable forage yields in wet yearsand dry years,” Ray said. “In dryyears, however, regardless of thecultivar, yields will be less ifinsufficient moisture is providedto the crop.”NuMex Bill Melton has been

tested in different locationsacross New Mexico, taking intoaccount different elevations andirrigation practices.“This helps us see how it does

in different climate conditions in

different regions in the state, andthis information is useful for allgrowers in New Mexico,” hesaid.This year marks the culmina-

tion of their research and trialsthat have led to creating theoptimal characteristics thatmake up the Billy Melton vari-ety.“The positive aspect of this

variety is that it will produceunder drought conditions andmore than other varieties,” Flynnadded. “It will generate incomefor growers because it will havehigher yields than other varietieswith less water.”This variety could potentially

impact other industries such asdairy and livestock, since it pro-duces quality alfalfa with theprotein necessary for the ani-mals’ diet.Flynn and Ray will continue

to monitor the different trialplots around the state through-out the year to evaluate andcompare the Billy Melton varietyto other varieties until itbecomes commercially availablenext year.“We want to look for other

characteristics that make thisvariety successful in our region,”Flynn said. “This variety holdsgreat promise to grow and yieldunder limited conditions.”

Information from NMSU

Grain Cart Scale App-BasedWireless System For Mobile Devices

Central City Scaleannounces their newGrain Cart Scale App-based wireless system that

connects mobile devices likesmart phones and tablets tograin cart weigh load bars. All in-range mobile devices

with the CCS App shows, inreal time, indicator displays toeveryone working with yourharvest operation from Com-bine operator,tractor-grain cartoperator, truck driver and farmmanager. The system uses apatent pending AgrimaticsLibra TM Bluetooth® transmit-ter that installs on the grain cartand wires to the junction boxconnected to the weigh-bars.An in-tractor tablet or smart-phone communicates wirelessly

with the grain cart to becomethe scale indicator. Cloud-con-nectivity unifies the systemacross your entire operation.Crop-flow transactions can

be emailed or optionally storedsecurely in the cloud for accesswherever you are. Wireless andbattery operated means that it’ssimple to install. Power – effi-cient design allows gettingthrough a season withoutreplacing the battery. Rugged design handles

extreme temperature, vibration,mud, sun, rain and snow. Builtrugged to withstand extremetemperature and high vibrationwhich is the norm for farm fieldenvironments. Now you canmanage your records on and offthe field without any log books,flash drives or printers, makingfarm management a little easi-er.

New Central City Scale

Dear Editor,

Senator Harry Reid claims Cliven Bundy is a domestic ter-rorist. Senator Dean Heller says no he is a domestic patri-ot. Reid retorts he is not a patriot because he broke thelaw.

When I think of patriots I think of people that unlawfullyentered a ship in Boston Harbor and illegally stole the tea car-go, then destroyed it by throwing it into the Harbor. Some ofus called those people patriots even though they ignored thelaw as established by the Crown of England. I think Mr. Bundy and his followers were patriots even

though they ignored the law established by the Crown ofWashington. Mr. Bundy did not pay the contested grazing feefor 20 years. Senator Reid gets his former employee installedas head of the BLM and within days he shows up inBunkerville, Nevada, with 200 armed pseudo-officers of thelaw. Something smells bad.

– Julian C. Smith, Jr.

Man against beast is atheme in many a sto-ry, from days of yoreto 21st century

wolves ravaging baby calves.It normally takes a hero to

slay the dragon or sue theEPA. Heroes are often bat-tling with giants, against allodds; David and Goliath, Jackand the Beanstalk, or TheAlamosa High SchoolMaroons vs Miami Heat.Dennis had his opportunity

to rise to the occasion. He is afarmer-feeder in the San LuisValley. That part of Coloradodemands a persistent, patientsort of person. The stubbornsoil, fickle moisture and inde-pendent neighbors don’t toler-ate pansies.Dennis came home from

his day job. Days were gettingshort. He also had a meetingwith the La Jara Stake after hefinished his chores. He had aline of concrete feed bunksand was feeding his cowheard. The 1981 4440 JohnDeere that he inherited wasstill in service. He loaded hisJay Lore feeder-mixer that washooked up to his farm truck.His dog jumped in the cabwith Dennis and they starteddown the line of bunks. All ofa sudden a mouse shot acrossthe dashboard right to left!Denny reared back as the

dog leaped into his lap, look-ing over the steering wheel insearch of the rambling rodent!

The mouse reversed his direc-tion . . . the dog was barkingand bouncing back and forth .. . Dennis was banging thedashboard trying to crushMickey with his free hand, orboth hands!The agile vermin leaped

from the dashboard onto theback of the seat. He crawledover Dennis’ shoulder anddove down between his legs . .. the dog followed! Luckily, orunluckily, the varmint slid overthe seat and down his irriga-tion boot! Denny smashed thefurry critter against his legthrough the rubber boot top.He held the trespasser tight,like one would grip a hot dogthrough the bun.It was then he looked up.

He was in the part ditch longpast the bunks. The Jay Lorewas 30 degrees off level fromthe truck, which was 30degrees off level from thegravel road.Thank goodness he hit a

culvert and high-centered thefront axle. There was aSCREECH! and the rigground to a halt. It was one ofthose “Thank you, Lord,”moments.Later at the meeting he

portrayed the incident as amiracle of sorts, hoping hisexplanation would lessen theimpact on his neighbor, theBishop, when he noticed 50feet of his new wire fence hadbeen ripped out by its posts.

Man Against Beast

For advertising, subscription and editorial inquiries write or call:

Livestock Market Digest P.O. Box 7458, Albuquerque, N.M. 87194Telephone: 505/243-9515

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BY BARRY DENTON

My neighbors just fin-ished tripping somewild steers and tyingthem down Arizona

cowboy style. Yes, they will goback and get the steers afterthey cool off. Unlike the government cow-

boys who slaughtered the Bundycattle in Nevada they will goback and take their steers homeinstead of burying them. Thegovernment must have hiredsome “REAL” cowboys to pulloff that stunt. Were you not impressed that

the government tore up the live-stock waters on the BundyRanch? What bravery theydemonstrated. How does thathelp the wildlife that is still therewhen the cattle leave? Why don’twe hear from People For TheEthical Treatment of Animals inregard to Cliven Bundy’s slaugh-tered cattle? Perhaps slaughtering Bundy’s

cattle was the government’s wayof saving the ozone from cattleemissions? We truly have abunch of miseducated nuts run-ning this country. Have you noticed that the

people that preach tolerance areoften the most intolerant? Timeand again the American cattlerancher gets attacked by its own

government. The United Statesgovernment resorts to gunships,armored cars, and highly armedofficers to deal with a handful ofcowboys who never hurt any-one? Maybe it was caused by a

senator’s greed? It was just a fewyears ago that ranchers workedwith the government to advanceconservation. The United StatesForest Ranger was your friendand helper. However, thingshave changed and the govern-ment has declared war on cattleranchers. Whoever thought thatAmericans would have to feartheir own government?It started about ten years ago

around here. Our ranger of thir-ty years retired and was replacedwith an arrogant twenty-five-year-old city slicker that knewnothing about grazing or cattle.One day he shows up and intro-duces himself as the new ranger.The first thing he informed us ofwere his suggestions on how weshould manage our allotment.He wanted to switch our wintercountry with our summer coun-try. I asked him if he was thestupidest person on earth and heactually thought he was prettysmart. We had only managedthis allotment successfully forover sixty years. Just to be clear the winter

country has canyons, trees, and

The Commies are coming

lots of oak brush so the cattlehave shelter and feed in the win-ter. Our summer country was abig wide open grassy plain whichresponded well to spring rainswith abundant forage. Sinceyour ranger can only suggestcrazy ideas and cannot force youto implement them we didn’tchange. However, he came byabout once a week with somenew crazy scheme.We had a natural spring that

we maintained and it always hadwater when other places did not.Our ranger determined that thecattle were ruining the “riparianarea”. I asked how he had deter-mined that? He pointed to a cot-tonwood sapling near the springand began his diatribe explainingthat they count the brokenbranches on a sapling. If therewere more than ten breaks thenthere were too many cattle in theriparian area. He also pointed to all the

tracks at the base of the sapling.First I asked him if he actuallybelieved that counting brancheson a sapling was an accurate wayto determine there were toomany cattle at the spring. Heswore he really believed it. I then asked him if he knew

what a deer track looked like. Hesaid he did and I called him aliar. With a puzzled look heasked me why I called him that.I explained that his riparian areawas covered with deer tracks andthat cattle had not been there inover four months. Needless tosay, that did shut him up forawhile.To make a long story short we

did have a chance to sell the for-est allotment so we did. We had

other places to run our cattlewithout government interfer-ence. However, many others donot have that choice.The other thing that always

baffled me about running cattleon the forest service was theirfake concern for the land andwildlife. They would try and con-trol the rancher’s every move,but when ATV folks tore up yourpasture it was of no concern tothem. Vandalism of water tanksand wells was never taken seri-ously either. It’s funny how thegovernment would forget thatthey had a lease agreement withyou and thought you had norights as well. They certainlyconvinced me that they are trulyevil.

What can we do to fight thisoppression of the rancher? Ithink voting in the right folkswould be a start in turning itaround, but what do we do inthe meantime? I’ve never seenAmerica in such a rut of govern-ment takeover of everything.Our freedom guaranteed by theUnited States Constitution isbeing eroded on a daily basis.Political correctness does noth-ing but impede free speech.Where are we going to end up?Let’s stand up for ourselvesbefore it is too late. How didcattle ranchers, military veter-ans, and independent thinkingcitizens become enemies of thecountry they would die to sup-port?

A well-planned colostrum feeding program can helpshepherds and goat producers minimize pre-weaningmortality rates

BY DR. TOM EARLEYWINE, DIRECTOR OF NUTRITIONAL SERVICES FOR LAND O’LAKESANIMAL MILK PRODUCTS

Colostrum is often likened to liquid gold. Thefirst feeding of antibodies has long been asso-ciated with immediate immune protection forcalves, but the power of the first feeding is

sometimes overlooked in small ruminants. This stepis just as important in newborn lambs and kidgoats, as management of newborns can play a sig-nificant role in a flock or herd’s long-term produc-tivity potential.Colostrum, or the first milk of the ewe or doe, is

the first protection that lambs and kids receiveagainst environmental pathogens and bacteria.Newborns must be protected following birthbecause antibodies in the ewe’s or doe’s blood-stream do not cross the placenta.[1] The antibodiescan only be received by consuming colostrum.Following birth, the lamb or kid is exposed to

bacteria and pathogens that its immune system isunfamiliar with. Without protection, the new lifecan be in danger – leading to an increase in pre-weaning health issues and mortality rates.In fact, industry estimates show that nearly 20

percent of lambs die before weaning with 80 per-cent of these losses experienced during the first 10days of life.[2] Research on kid pre-weaning mor-tality rates shows similar trends. Realistically, pre-weaning mortality rates in sheep flocks and goatherds should be under 5 percent.

The Power of Colostrum

Colostrum is key in keeping death loss numbers incheck. The ewe or doe supplies protection as antibod-ies that are concentrated in colostrum asimmunoglobulins (IgGs). These antibodies help thenewborn to fend off intestinal, respiratory and otherdiseases. High energy levels found in colostrum alsohelp newborns to stay warm while dense levels ofimmune factors and Vitamins A and E can promotea healthy start to the digestive and respiratory sys-tems.[3]This protection against the elements hinges on

high quality colostrum fed immediately followingbirth. Lambs and kids should receive 10 percent oftheir body weight in colostrum by 18 hours of age.For example, a 10 pound lamb should be fed 1pound (or 16 ounces) of colostrum in its first day oflife. At least half of this volume should be fed within 4to 8 hours. Colostrum and colostrum replacementsshould be fed at about 105 degrees F.Researchers at the University of Maryland recent-

ly stated that, when feeding the first colostrum, within“30 minutes is optimum while 18 hours is a must.”[4]Timing is crucial because the protective antibodiesfound in colostrum can only cross the intestinal walland enter the bloodstream during this time. Theintestinal wall begins to stop passive transfer of anti-bodies hours after birth, so immediate feeding ofcolostrum is desired.To ensure proper consumption in the necessary

time, colostrum can be hand-fed via bottle or stom-ach tube. The necessary levels can be fed in threeincrements throughout the first 18 hours for ade-quate consumption. Once in the system, the mater-nally-derived antibodies help fight off infections, whilethe lamb builds its own stable immune system.[5]

Colostrum: Liquid gold for kid goats and lambs

continued on page fourteen



Colostrum continued from page thirteen

Ol’ Ben and I werecamped below theridgelineThe horses hobbled

so they could graze at nightOne wore an old brass

bell that tinkled soft and lowSo we could find ‘em in

the morning if they driftedout of sightThat night I tossed and

turned as I usually doHalf-awake my mind

finds troubles on which todwellOld problems, unfinished

business—they all worry meawakeBut on this night a bell

was tinkling just to tell meall was wellThat sound reached out

to me across the meadowMy mind turned to the

horses in the nightI knew that they were

close and drifted off to sleepIn the comfort only

found when everything’s allrightLately I been thinking

about what it meansIf there are ways of

knowing without the bellLittle clues we can listen

or watch forThat might tell our trou-

bled minds —“all is well”

I think the clues are sub-tle but all around usIf we miss them, we are

doomed to a restless nightA baby’s smile, a pretty

sunrise, holding handsClear as bells and softly

ringing “all is right”And I hope these words

have you a-thinking someAbout all the clues per-

haps you have missed aswellSo when worries dog

your heels or invade yoursleepThere will come to you—

the tiny tinkling of a bell

The bell is used by BenNelson on pack trips. It wasoriginally a gag gift that heused and it works. It has anice sound too.

The Old Brass Bell

Are your ewes and does producing the colostrumyour newborns require?Though colostrum is a neces-

sary ingredient to newborn suc-cess, fluctuations in colostrumquality and quantity produced bythe ewe or doe are probable onoperations. Recent research showslarge variability in colostrum pro-duction, with older ewes and doesoften producing higher levels ofthe protective first milk.[6]Research also indicates that ewesand does that produce larger littersare often unable to naturally pro-duce adequate protection forbonus lambs and kids – often leav-ing these bonus lambs and kids,especially, unprotected.[7]Without this protection, new-

borns are at risk for long-termissues. Research by the U.S. SheepExperiment Station in Dubois,Idaho, showed that nearly two-thirds of early lamb loss is causedby scours or starvation, with lambsthat did not consume adequatecolostrum being more susceptibleto health problems.[8]Though colostrum provides

necessary protection, colostrumproduced by ewes infected withOvine Progressive Pneumonia(OPP) or does infected withCaprine Arthritis Encephalitis cantransmit the disease to their youngthrough the milk. These diseasesdo not appear until the animalsreach maturity and can be devas-tating to health and production. Toprevent the transmission of thesediseases, offspring should not beallowed to nurse from ewes thattest positive for OPP or does thattest positive for CAE.One way to ensure that all new-

borns receive high-quality

colostrum, free from any disease,in adequate quantities is through acolostrum replacer. When selectinga colostrum replacement product,look for a product labeled to raiseIgG concentration above 10mg/ml. These products are typical-ly made of dried bovine colostrumand contain at least 75 grams ofIgG per liter as well as high levelsof natural colostral fat, protein,vitamins and minerals needed bythe newborn lamb. In the UnitedStates, these products are regulat-ed by the U.S. Department ofAgriculture Center for VeterinaryBiologics for quality control. Lookfor the U.S. Veterinary permit onthe label.Beyond this measure, selection

of colostrum replacers should bebased on research. Analyze theproduct for research results anddetermine if the supplier is a rep-utable source. In addition, theproduct should be made specifical-ly for small ruminants (lambs andkids). After feeding a USDAlicensed small ruminant specificcolostrum replacer within the first18 hours, a lamb-specific or kid-specific milk replacer should be fed

until weaning.For more information, visit

www.lolmilkreplacer.com or con-tact Dr. Tom Earleywine at800/618-6455 or email: [email protected].

[1] “Sheep management: Colostrum andhealth of newborn lambs.” Iowa State Uni-versity Extension. June 1995.http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publica-tions/PM989X12.pdf 18 February 2013.

[2] “Care of newborn lambs.” Sheep 201: Abeginner’s guide to raising sheep.http://www.sheep101.info/201/new-borns.html. 18 February 2013.

[3] Schoenian, Susan. “Colostrum: LiquidGold.” University of Maryland Extension.http://www.sheepandgoat.com/articles/colostrum.html. 18 February 2013.

[4] Schoenian, Susan. “Colostrum: LiquidGold.” University of Maryland Extension.http://www.sheepandgoat.com/articles/colostrum.html. 18 February 2013.

[5] Nowak, R., and P. Poindron. From birthto colostrum: Early steps to lamb survival.Reproductive Nutrition Development. Vol-ume 46, pp 431-446. 2006.http://vetsci.co.uk/2012/01/23/the-impor-tance-of-colostrum-for-new-born-lamb/.

[6] “Sheep management: Colostrum andhealth of newborn lambs.” Iowa State Uni-versity Extension. June 1995.http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publica-tions/PM989X12.pdf 18 February 2013.

[7] Lindsay, D. R., R. Nowak, I. Gede Putu,and D. M. McNeill. 1990. Behavioural inter-actions between the ewe and her young atparturition: A vital step for the lamb. Pages191–205 in Reproductive Physiology ofMerino Sheep. Concepts and Conse-quences. C. M. Oldham, G. B. Martin, and I.W. Purvis, ed. School of Agriculture (AnimalScience), The University of Western Aus-tralia, Nedlands, Peth.

[8] “Care of newborn lambs.” Sheep 201: Abeginner’s guide to Raising Sheep.http://www.sheep101.info/201/new-borns.html. 10 March 2014.

BY JACK WHITTIER & MARIAH FISCHER,

PROGRESSIVE CATTLEMAN

This article is designed to provide a perspective froma young person with a desire to remain involved in ani-mal agriculture as a profession.

Mariah Fischer is currently pursuing a mas-ter’s degree in animal science at ColoradoState University in the Beef ManagementSystems Program. I have asked Mariah to

provide her perspective of some of the challengesand opportunities for young people like her to enteror continue in the beef industry.First, I will provide some census information

concerning the demographics of tenure and age ofcurrent farmers and ranchers in the U.S.The 2007 U.S. Census of Agriculture reported

the percentage of beginning farmers and ranchershas steadily declined. The census showed only 26.5percent of all principal operators have been farmingfor less than 10 years, a decline of more than 10percent since 1982.The U.S. agriculture industry is dominated by

farm and ranch establishments that have had thesame principal operator for 10 or more years.Farms or ranches with principal operators whostarted within the past five years only account for13 percent of all U.S. farms and 7 percent of allsales.Additionally, according to the 2007 Census of

Agriculture, the average age of U.S. farm operatorsincreased from 55.3 years in 2002 to 57.1 years in2007.The number of operators 75 years and older

grew by 20 percent from 2002, while the number ofoperators under 25 years old decreased 30 percent.

In the states of Colorado, Nebraska andWyoming, young or beginning ranchers as a per-centage of the population has recently seen signifi-cant decline.In 1992, 32 percent of ranchers in these three

states were less than 44 years old. In 2007, censusdata showed that this number had decreased by 60percent, as now ranchers in these three states lessthan 44 years old was only 20 percent of the totalpopulation.Furthermore, approximately half of the ranches

in these three states are owned and operated byranchers 55 years old or older.The above demographics serve to emphasize the

need to attract and retain young people into farm-ing and ranching. Following are some commentsand perspectives from Mariah:“As a young person who has been involved in

agriculture my entire life, I feel that the future ofagriculture is very promising. Agriculture, whetherit is crops or livestock production, is the basis ofwhat feeds this country, along with supplying nutri-tion to other countries as well.“Food will always be needed for survival, and we

will continue to need more and more food as theworld population continues to steadily increase.“I think as a young person there are many

opportunities to get involved in the agriculturalindustry, particularly livestock production.“Having hands-on experience, as well as a col-

lege education, is central for securing a job in thisindustry in today’s world. I think there are numer-ous internships and opportunities to gain experi-ence when you are young or getting started within

Challenges, opportunities for young to enter beef industry

continued on page fifteen

Feed lambs and kidgoats colostrum

replacement when:n Quality or quantity of

available colostrum is inade-quate.

n Newborns are unable tosuckle, such as in multiplebirths, first pregnancy damsand those born to sick or weakdams.

n Ewes or does are suspect-ed to be infected with OPP orCAE.

BY REID WILSON,

WASHINGTON POST

When President Obamaannounces new rules gov-erning carbon emissionsfrom coal plants, some of

the loudest cries of opposition arelikely to come from members of hisparty.The regulations, aimed at com-

bating a rapidly changing climate byimplementing state-by-state limits ongreenhouse-gas emissions, will shinea spotlight on a growing divisionwithin the Democratic Party: Onone side are major donors, who takea particular interest in environmentalcauses and are becoming increasing-ly important to the party. On theother are candidates from energy-producing states — where regula-tions on coal-fired power plantscould have the most detrimentaleffects — whose fates will decidecontrol of the Senate.The rule is one of the most signif-

icant steps the government has takento curb greenhouse-gas emissions.Those candidates — most notably

Sens. Mary Landrieu (La.), MarkPryor (Ark.), Mark Begich (Alaska),Kay Hagan (N.C.) and, to a lesserextent, Mark Udall (Colo.) — are onthe front lines of the battle for theSenate. Their Republican opponentswill almost certainly use Monday’sannouncement to attack them.“Every American’s electricity bills

will get more expensive, and we willforce-feed those electric bills back toevery Democratic candidate,” saidBrad Todd, a Republican strategistworking for Hagan’s and Pryor’sopponents. “When any politiciangets caught making life more expen-sive for the middle class, he or she isin harm’s way.”Landrieu has been the most vocal

Democrat resisting the administration’s environmental pro-posals. In May, Landrieu introduceda measure with Sen. John Hoeven(R-N.D.) that would have immedi-ately authorized construction of theKeystone XL pipeline, a bill co-spon-

sored by Pryor, Begich and Sen. JohnWalsh (Mont.), another energy-stateDemocrat facing a tough fight thisyear.As chairman of the Senate Ener-

gy and Commerce Committee, Lan-drieu has used campaign advertise-ments to tout her influence as a boonto Louisiana’s oil and gas industries.Last week, she guided Energy Secre-tary Ernest Moniz on a tour of oiland gas hubs along the Gulf Coast.Kentucky Secretary of State Ali-

son Lundergan Grimes (D), whofaces a tight contest against SenateMinority Leader Mitch McConnell(R) in the heart of coal country, hassaid she would use the Senate seat totry to curb the “most restrictive” reg-ulations on coal-fired power plants.“Coal keeps the lights on in Ken-

tucky — plain and simple — and Iwill not stand idle as overreachingregulation adversely impacts jobs andmiddle-class families,” Grimes said inSeptember. After the EPA proposedlimiting carbon output, Grimes saidthe Obama administration “has tak-en direct aim at Kentucky jobs.”Democratic strategists say their

energy-state candidates have tomake clear their opposition to theforthcoming EPA rule, lest it hurttheir chances.“If I were running, I would get the

governor to sue and try to tie it up inthe courts,” said Jim Cauley, a Ken-tucky-based Democratic strategistwho managed Obama’s first Senatecampaign. “Coal has just become thecultural litmus test as to whose sideyou are on.”That puts big Democratic donors

for whom environmentalism and cli-mate change are leading causes, ledby California investor and billionaireTom Steyer, in the awkward positionof supporting candidates who don’ttake the same view. Steyer has saidhe will spend up to $50 million of hisown money and an additional $50million through his NextGen Cli-mate Action PAC on Democraticcandidates in the 2014 midterm elec-tions.Steyer has not directly spent mon-

ey on behalf of Landrieu, Pryor,Hagan or Grimes. But his moneywill at least indirectly help energy-state Democrats: Steyer has con-tributed $5 million to the SenateMajority PAC, which has spentheavily in Louisiana, North Carolinaand Arkansas. A Senate MajorityPAC spokesman declined to saywhether Steyer’s money came withstipulations on where it could bespent, but regardless every dollarspent elsewhere frees anotherdonor’s dollar for Landrieu, Pryor,Hagan or Grimes.“People do recognize that ’14 is a

pivot year for climate, because of thefact that on an everyday basis peopleare feeling a direct, immediate pock-etbook impact on their daily lives,”said Chris Lehane, a Democraticstrategist who advises Steyer. Racesthat Steyer and others are investingin are contests critical to maintaininga Senate majority.“You’ve got to win Iowa, you’ve

got to win New Hampshire, you’vegot to keep Colorado” to keep themajority, Lehane said. In each state,Steyer-funded ads will point toimmediate threats posed by climatechange, whether through droughts,flooding, fracking or public health.“As much as I love polar bears and Ilove butterflies, we’re not going to betalking about them in these cam-paigns.”The balance between acting on

environmental issues that are highpriorities for Obama and the left andcreating jobs in energy-producingstates represented by Democrats hascome up several times in recentyears. Energy-state Democrats havepushed the administration toapprove the Keystone XL pipelineand open new lands for oil and gasexploration. Strategists close to thosebig donors say they are less con-cerned with Landrieu’s position onoil drilling or Pryor’s support for Key-stone than the larger goal of sal-vaging the Democratic majority inthe Senate.“This race is not about fracking,

it’s about control of the United

States Senate and a number of pub-lic policies that will be affected bythat,” said David Kenney, a Col-orado Democratic strategist whobundled more than $1 million forObama in the 2012 election cycleand organizes fundraisers for sena-tors visiting Denver. “I haven’t heardanybody say I won’t vote for this per-son or that person over fracking.Every conversation I’ve been in is, wecannot lose the United States Sen-ate.”Instead, environmental groups

such as the League of ConservationVoters place a higher priority onEPA regulations, where they say thebattle over climate change will bewon or lost, than on Keystone, whichwould have a relatively small impact.LCV said it will spend money todefend Hagan and Begich eventhough they support the pipelinebecause the pair have defended pre-vious EPA rules.“This is the biggest step we’ve ever

taken for the biggest challenge we’veever faced,” said LCV PresidentGene Karpinsky. “There are someincumbent senators who are consis-tently on record against us, and so beit. But we will be standing with thosesenators who stand for clean air andpublic health.”The Democratic debate over

energy policy and climate change isfurther complicated by governors,particularly in Western states, whereoil and gas industries make up a sig-nificant part of the economy. Col-orado Gov. John Hickenlooper (D)and Montana Gov. Steve Bullock(D) are ardently pro-fracking. EvenCalifornia Gov. Jerry Brown (D),caricatured as the ultimate 1970s lib-eral and who has called for urgentaction on climate change, signed ameasure in 2013 regulating the frack-ing industry. The first drilling in Cali-fornia is likely to begin this year.Early in Obama’s first term, the

intraparty tension cost the WhiteHouse a key policy priority. TheDemocratic-led House passed cap-and-trade legislation by a narrowmargin, with several energy-state

Democrats voting no. Despite a 60-seat Democratic supermajority in theSenate, the bill never stood a chancebecause Democrats such as Lan-drieu and Pryor would never havevoted for it. (When he first won hisSenate seat in 2010, West VirginiaDemocrat Joe Manchin III ran acampaign ad in which he took a shot,with a hunting rifle, at the cap-and-trade bill.)The disconnect between donors

who live in big cities on the coastsand elected officials who have to bal-ance budgets and create jobs in ener-gy-producing states causes tensionwithin the party.“For us, it’s not a social good. For

us, it’s our livelihood,” Kenney said ofoil and gas exploration, which makesup 11 percent of Colorado’s grossdomestic product. “I’d politely sug-gest they send their checks and let usfigure out our public policy,” he saidof donors who think otherwise.


the industry.“For example, I grew up with a

cow-calf background and had littleidea of how a feedlot was run on aday-to-day basis. However, duringthe summer before my senior yearof college, I was offered an intern-ship at a 108,000-head feedlot innortheastern Colorado.“While I was there, I endeav-

ored to learn and be involved in asmany learning situations as I could.Workers as well as managers werevery friendly and willing to take thetime to teach me what I did notknow.“I have also had the privilege of

spending time on ranches in north-ern California with full-time cattle-men who have been successful inthe beef industry.“I have been very blessed in that

they have not only spent time withme sharing their practices andplans for success, but they havealso allowed me to get many hoursof hands-on experience.“I think it is important for

young people to listen to whatthose wiser and with more experi-ence have to say. It is my observa-tion that if you are willing to workhard, to listen and to learn, you canbe successful in the beef industry.“The USDA recognizes the

need to attract young farmers andranchers into production agricul-ture. As a result, there are numer-ous federal programs available to ayoung person starting their ownbusiness.“Besides programs created to

assist in establishing oneself finan-cially, there are also increasedopportunities presented to us frommany new technologies in the beefindustry.“For example, the use of ultra-

sound, timed A.I., DNA testing,EPDs, vaccines, software manage-ment programs, etc., have helpedto improve cattle health, growthand management.“As with any other industry, we

who are a part of the beef industryare not without our challenges.

Much of the population is discon-nected from the farm and has littleidea where their food comes fromor how it is raised.“Animal welfare is a growing

concern for consumers – and whywouldn’t it be? After all, the mediarelays stories and videos that arefrequently very misleading.“Those videos only reflect a

small proportion of beef producers.As a whole, the beef industry doesa good job of practicing animalhusbandry and caring for animals.I mean, who else is going to gooutside at 2 a.m. in a snowstormwhen it is -12ºF to save a heiferand her calf from dying duringlabor?“More stories about these

events should make the news.Consumer perception is whatdrives the industry, and we havenot always done the best job ofconveying what we really do.“We should not let a ‘few bad

apples,’ as Trent Loos would say,define our entire industry. We

need to work on transparency andallow consumers to see how wellwe truly do care for our livestock.“Besides animal welfare con-

cerns, we face constant battleswith environmental groups andgovernmental policies, financialhardship, consumer perceptionissues, family crises, unpredictableweather such as flooding in Col-orado or the drought in California.. . . The list could go on.“However, we are agricultural-

ists – and more than that, we arebeef producers. That is why Ibelieve there is a very positivefuture for agriculture, in particularlivestock production.“When adversity is breathing

down our neck, we do not give up.Instead we push forward, we fightand we look for a new solution.Because raising cattle is not just ajob to us, it’s a lifestyle. It’s ourlifestyle.”

Jack Whittier is a professor and Mariah Fischer is agraduate student in Colorado State University’sBeef Management Systems Program.

Challenges continued from page fourteen

Tougher emissions rules dividing Democrats


Global warming advocatesroutinely toss out the sta-tistic that 97 percent ofscientists agree that cli-

mate change is real and man-made. Where did that figurecome from? Joseph Bast, presi-dent of the Heartland Institute,and Roy Spencer, principalresearch scientist for the Univer-sity of Alabama in Huntsville,explain the history behind themisleading number.In short, there is no basis for

the claim that 97 percent of sci-entists believe that man-madeclimate change is a dangerousproblem. In 2004, Naomi Oreskes, a

Harvard science historian,examined 928 abstracts of scien-tific journal articles, finding thatthree-quarters of them believedthat humans were responsiblefor most of the observed warm-ing of the last half-century.

n However, Oreskes did notanalyze articles by prominentscientists – such as RichardLindzen and John Christy – whoquestion the “consensus” view.

n Additionally, a recent studyin Nature magazine confirmsthat academic abstracts oftencontain claims that are notproven in the studies them-selves.A 2009 article by University

of Illinois student MaggieKendall Zimmerman and hermaster's thesis adviser PeterDoran also made the 97 percentclaim.

n The authors made this con-clusion after conducting a two-question online survey of 3,146scientists, only 79 of which wereexperts in climate science andhad published half of theirrecent peer-reviewed papers on

climate change.n It did not include the scien-

tists most likely to understandthe natural causes of climatechange: solar scientists, spacescientists, cosmologists, physi-cists, meteorologists orastronomers.

n Moreover, the survey didnot specify whether the humanimpact on global warming waslarge enough to constitute aproblem.In 2013, Australian blogger

John Cook reviewed abstracts ofpeer-reviewed papers publishedfrom 1991 to 2011, concludingthat 97 percent of the authorswho stated their position on thesubject believed that humanactivity was responsible for somewarming.

n However, when Universityof Delaware geography profes-sor David Legates reviewedCook’s papers, he found thatonly 41 of them (0.3 percent ofall of the abstracts, and just 1percent of those that expressedan opinion) believed humanactivity was causing most cur-rent warming.On the other hand, write Bast

and Spencer, the Petition Proj-ect – a group of physicists andphysical chemists in California –has collected more than 31,000signatures from scientists agree-ing that there is “no convincingscientific evidence that humanrelease of . . . carbon dioxide . . .or other greenhouse gases iscausing or will, in the foresee-able future, cause catastrophicheating of the Earth’s atmos-phere and disruption of theEarth’s climate.”

Source: Joseph Bast and Roy Spencer, “TheMyth of the Climate Change ‘97%” Wall StreetJournal,May 26, 2014.

The 97 Percent Myth

Two U.S. states – Mary-land and New Jersey –impose both estate andinheritance taxes,

explain Liz Emanuel, ScottDrenkard and Richard Boreanin a new report from the TaxFoundation.Estate and inheritance tax-

es have large compliancecosts, suppress entrepreneur-ship and harm economicgrowth. The federal govern-ment imposes an estate tax,but many states in the U.S.levy their own estate andinheritance taxes.Estate and inheritance tax-

es differ in that estate taxesare levied against an estate,regardless of who inherits theassets. Inheritance taxes, onthe other hand, are levied ontransfers of assets, based onthe inheriting party's relation-ship to the deceased. In theU.S., 15 states and the Dis-trict of Columbia have anestate tax, six states have aninheritance tax, and onlytwo – Maryland and New Jer-

sey – have both.The Tax Foundation’s

updated state tax map revealsthe latest taxing trends:Washington has the high-

est maximum estate tax rateat 20 percent, while 11 stateshave a maximum estate taxrate of 16 percent.Hawaii and Delaware have

the highest estate tax exemp-tion threshold at $5.34 mil-lion, while New Jersey has thelowest threshold, at $675,000.Nebraska has the highest

maximum inheritance tax rateat 18 percent, which appliesto transfers to non-relatives.Kentucky and New Jersey arenot far behind, imposing a toprate of 16 percent for benefi-ciaries not of the immediatefamily.Indiana fully repealed its

inheritance tax last year, andTennessee agreed to phaseout its estate tax by 2016.

Source: Liz Emanuel, Scott Drenkard andRichard Borean, “State Estate and Inheri-tance Taxes in 2014,” Tax Foundation, May28, 2014.

The State of Estate and Inheritance Taxes in 2014

LMD June 2014

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