Universidad international SekName: Frank PachecoGrade:6thDate: 5 july 2013

Wind Energy and Sustainable Use of Energy inMexico

Having examined the international system in the globalized that moves the world, left to wonder what are you are understanding the rules of global neoliberalism in Mexico the following response? can be considered a starting point for what is no longer any doubt is that in the name of globalization and through the neoliberal ideology, us elites arecommitted to absorb Mexicointo the block of North America.Mexico do not clearly understand the importance of having an economic system with a different scheme, by which it is very important to work the ideological aspect of the Mexican, and what is required is a process, because the idea of belonging to the neo-liberal globalization and its benefits is seductive, but we have to understand that the neoliberal ideology in practice is not the same for all countries, those countries central they preach, apply and understandthe rules of the neoliberalismeconomic, know the importance of its domestic industry, promote and therefore develop, but the other countries that they are a periphery, they are presented with a speech that appreciates, justifies and take a stand against the fact of globalized production. This is where this is the spinal bifida, it is necessary to criticize and understand the rules of the "neoliberal globalization", there is no other way out, or we remain where we are, or we take the responsibility to question and begin to create our own course by taking advantage of the opportunities that gives us follow the rules of capitalismWind Energy andEnergy CONTEXT MEXICANMexican energy policyThe guiding principle of the Mexican national policy is sustainable human development, which assumed that "the purpose of development is to create an atmosphere in which everyone can increase their capacities and opportunities can be expanded to the present and future generations".Following this basic idea and in order to get the integral development of the country, in the field of energy sets out the objective of ensuring a reliable supply of quality and at competitive prices for energy inputs that consumers demand. For this reason, it is intended to encourage the efficient use of energy, as well as the use of technologies that will reducethe environmental impact generatedby the traditional fossil fuels. Thus, the intention is to reconcile the needs of energy consumption in society with the care of natural resources.In response to the threats of climate change and energy security the Mexican government commitment to the energy transition of the energy matrix, and the energy transition consists of a change of approach in the energy sector, a process through which you generate a better utilization of fossil fuels and develop and promote the useof renewable energy with theaim of diversifying the sources of primary energyand minimize the impact to the environmentby reducing the ambient gas emissions effect ofgreenhouse gases arising from theuse of fossil fuels, which currently represents the main source of energy at the international level.These ideas are the general guidelines governingthe National Development Plan(NDP), and that together the Sector Program of Energy established the basic objectives of the area of energy efficiency policies and renewable energy. The following are some of the aspects mostrelevant.The National Development Plan is based on the Planning Act and in the Mexico's Vision 2030 and establishes the national objectives, strategies and priorities that during the present Administration shall govern the action of the government. For this reason, the Plan is divided into five guidelines, each one with its objectives and strategies, assumes as its basic premise the pursuit of sustainable human development. The five axs on which articulates the PND include economic, social, political and environmental.The strategies to follow related to renewable energies included in the PND foster the efficient use of energy, as well as the use of technologies to reduce the environmental impact generated by the traditional fossil fuels; taking advantage of the great potential that has renewable energy in Mexico these strategies are: Promote the efficient use of energy for the country to develop in a sustainable way, through the adoption of technologies that offer greater energy efficiency and savings for consumers. Promote the use of renewable sources of energy and biofuels, generating a legal framework that establishes the powers of the State to guide its facets and promoting investments that promote the country's potential in the field. Enhance energy-saving programs, including the use of cogeneration capacities. Take advantage of the research activities of the energy sector, strengthening the sector research institutes, directing their programs, among others, toward the development of renewable sources and energy efficiency. Strengthen the powers of regulatory institutions of the sector. Promote the efficiency and clean technologies (including renewable energy) for the generation of energy.On the other hand, the Energy Sector Program 2007-2012, developed on the basis of the NDP, it rests essentially on three points: ensure the supply of energy that requires the economy; strengthen the public enterprises of the sector to improve the timeliness and quality in the provision of inputs; and, promote intensively the energy efficiency and renewable energies, in order to reduce the environmental impact that is derived by the use of fossil fuels.In addition, Mexico account with specific programs and strategies for the sector of renewable energy sources and the transitionenergetic StrategyNational for the energy transition and developmentWithin the Law to the development of renewable energies and the financing of the energy transition and its Regulation provides for the "National Strategy for the energy transition and the Sustainable Use of Energy" as the mechanism by which the Mexican State will promote policies, programs, actions and projects aimed at achieving greater use and use of renewable energy and clean technologies, promote energy efficiency and sustainability, as well as the reduction of the dependency of Mexico of hydrocarbons as a primary source of energy.Thisway, the strategy will continue to provide a holistic approach to public policy in the field of energy transition.The primary goal of the Strategy is to promote the use, development and investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency. Each year, the Secretariat of Energy must update the strategy and also submit a prospective on the progress made in the energy transition and the sustainable use of renewable energies.National Program for Sustainable Use of EnergyThe Program is the instrument through which the Federal Executive, in accordance with the Planning Act, shall establish strategies, objectives, actions and goals to achieve the optimal use of energy in all processes and activities for its exploitation, production, processing, distribution and consumption; it will be a special program in the terms of the Planning Act.The Secretary of Energy, through the National Commission for the efficient use of energy (CONUEE), who will develop the program.Other support programs that the Federal Government has initiated are: "Draft of Comprehensive Energy Services": she has as purpose giveElectricityto an estimated 2,500 rural communities "Renewable Energy Project on a large scale": looking for support to Mexico toDevelopa renewable energy project interconnected with basis in commercial criteria of 100 MW "Transverse Program of Sustainable Housing": provides for the incorporation of renewable energies and strategies for the rational use of resources to promote the sustainable housing "Mortgage green": includes a provision that includes an amount for the purchase of a green homeThe current Mexican legislative framework is a good reflection of the changes that are taking place in the sector of renewable energies and energy efficiency in november 2008 were published two important laws on the subject: Law for the Development of Renewable Energies and the financing of the energy transition and its Regulation (LAERFTE). Law for the Sustainable Use of Energy (LASE). The main features of these two laws are summarized below: Law for the Development of Renewable Energies and the financing of the energy transition and its Regulation (LAERFTE) :The objective of the Law for the Development of Renewable Energies and the financing of the energy transition and its Regulation (LAERFTE), published on 28 November 2008, is to regulate the development of renewable sources of energy and clean technologies to generate electricity for purposes other than the presentation of the public service of electrical energy, as well as to establish the national strategy and the tools for the financing of the energy transition.In order to strengthen the institutions of regulation of the sector, this being one of the considered strategies within the NDP, the Act extends and complements the powers given to the Ministry of Energy and the Energy Regulatory Commission.Other provisions of the Law are preparing a Special Program for the Development of Renewable Energy that sets out the specific objectives and goals to achieve in the field of renewable energy in 2012; the establishment of the National Strategy for the energy transition and the Sustainable Use of Energy, both mentioned in the previous point; the realization and updating by the Secretary of Energy, the national inventory of renewable energies, as well as the creation of a fund for energy transition and the Sustainable Use of Energy, among others.Wind energy in MexicoIn Mexico we have identified different areas with potential for the wind farm for power generation, among them are the area of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in the state of Oaxaca, the boisterous in the state of Baja California, as well as in the states of Zacatecas, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Sinaloa, and in the Yucatan Peninsula at the end of 2009, the installed capacity in wind generation exceeded 250 MW of power, while the permitted capacity is around 2,300 MW, so that there is part of the capacity that are still in development.The development of these wind projects in Mexico is the result of a combination of domestic and foreign investment. The Mexican Association of Wind Energy believes that the potential of the capacity is 10,000 MW on the other hand, studies of the Electrical Research Institute established a competitive potential in 5,000 MW and a potential 15,000 MW likely in the prospects for development, which manages the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) is 7,000 MW on the following map shows the location and the advancement of wind projects.Wind energy technologies, are mature technologies and known, especially in the more developed countries where the market has reached a certain maturity, but in the case of Mexico, this is an emerging market inwhichhave been detected character technological barriersthat impede its growth. TOthen analyzes the main detected barriers:Lack of adaptation of the wind turbines to the wind patterns specific to each area in particular in the area of Oaxaca,the winds are very strong andconstant, arriving to overcome the cutting speed of the machines that is considered from the 25 m/s; such regimesof winds, in addition to hinder the work of operation and maintenance of the machines, favor the premature deterioration of the same.Another aspect of design to keep in mind is that in this area there is a significant incidence of atmospheric discharges. The protection systemstoday do notalways are sufficient and sometimes machines are damaged seriously damaged.

Bibliography Estrategia Nacional para la Transicin Energtica y aprovechamiento Sustentable de la Energa. SENER. Ao 2009. Balance Nacional de Energa. SENER. Ao 2008. Energas Renovables para el Desarrollo Sustentable en Mxico. SENER y GTZ. Ao 2009 Polticas y Medidas para Fomentar la Integracin Nacional de Equipos y Componentes para el Aprovechamiento de las Energas Renovables y el Uso Sustentable de la Energa. SENER. Ao 2009. Programa Especial para el Aprovechamiento de Energas Renovables. SENER. Ao 2009.