Lloyd’s Register Marine - Classification & Marine Technology Tim Kent Technical Director, Marine...
-
Upload
anthony-maxwell -
Category
Documents
-
view
228 -
download
1
Transcript of Lloyd’s Register Marine - Classification & Marine Technology Tim Kent Technical Director, Marine...
Lloyd’s Register Marine -
Classification &
Marine Technology
Tim Kent
Technical Director, Marine
August 2013
Lloyd’s Register’s MissionThrough its constitution, Lloyd’s Register is directed to:
• “Secure, for the benefit of the community, high technical standards of design, manufacture, construction, maintenance, operation, and performance, for the purpose of enhancing the safety of life and property at sea, on land, and in the air, and”
• “Advance public education within engineering and technological disciplines”
What is Classification?
The development, publication and implementation of Rules and Regulations covering the design, construction and operation of ships, which help achieve and maintain acceptable levels of safety, performance and reliability
What do the Class Rules & Regulations cover?Structural strength and watertight integrity of the hull
What do the Class Rules & Regulations cover?Safety and reliability of propulsion and steering systems
The Origins of Classification from 1760Commercial need to reduce losses of ships and cargoes
Grading systems:
1764 A, E, I, O, U (hull) G, M, B (equipment)
AG - the best, UB - the worst
1768 A, B, C (hull) 1, 2, 3 (equipment)
A1 - the best, now has world famous meaning!
1870 100 - iron ships suitable for sea-going service
2011 | 100A1 Double Hull Oil Tanker, ShipRight (FDA, SDA, CM), *IWS, LI | LMC, UMS
What do the Class Rules & Regulations not cover?Stability
Life saving appliances
Pollution prevention
Structural fire protection
Why not?
The requirements for all of the above are contained in internationally accepted statutory codes and conventions
Relationship between class and statutory regulation
Implementation of standards for:
Strength
Propelling machinery
Electrical systems
Control systems
Anchoring equipment
Strength
Fire & lifesaving
Communications
Damage stability
Propelling machinery,electrical and control systems
Strength
Freeboard
Intact stabilityDamage stability
Accidental
Operational
IMO Conventions
Safety(SOLAS)
Stability(Loadline)
Pollution(MARPOL)
Damage stability
Statutory certification
Classification
Conditions for Classification
• Satisfactory completion of periodical surveys
• Reporting all damages and defects
• Valid convention certificates
• Correct loading and operation
• Availability of approved loading guidance
• Operation in suitable environment
Conditions for Classification – Survey Cycle
Year 1 2 3 4 5
AS AS AS AS AS
ITSS or ITMS
DS DSDS
IWSDS DS
SS SS
Technology as an enabler on a 10+ Year Horizon• Increasing regulation from IMO and others
New technologies & complexity• Increasingly competitive market
Efficiency will drive adoption of automation, complexity and novel design
Industry will be obliged to satisfy Regulations and may want to pursue efficiency
• Lloyd’s Register’s application of technology …
... as a Classification Society, verifying safe integration of elements into the overall ship
... as a Recognised Organisation, certifying functional performance of ship’s systems and features in accordance with international conventions
… as a Technical Services provider, assisting clients improve their competitiveness and business performance
• Minimal safety riskessential safety functions
dependability of essential safety systemsmachinery, equipment, components
• Minimal environmental impactessential environmental functions
dependability of essential environmental systemsmachinery, equipment, components
• Maximum commercial benefit essential commercial functions
dependability of essential commercial systemsmachinery, equipment, components
class
future class
society
services
Marine industry's greatest driver is sustainability -A sustainable marine industry means ships with…
• Minimal safety riskessential safety functions
dependability of essential safety systemsmachinery, equipment, components
• Minimal environmental impactessential environmental functions
dependability of essential environmental systemsmachinery, equipment, components
• Maximum commercial benefit essential commercial functions
dependability of essential commercial systemsmachinery, equipment, components
technology drivers
Marine industry's greatest driver is sustainability -A sustainable marine industry means ships with…
Academia
Technology Lifecycle & Innovation
Deployment in IndustryPrinciples
Innovation
Demonstrators
1 2 3 5 6
Technology Readiness Levels
JIPs, EU projectsGovernment bridging funds
PhDs, EngDs Post Docs
Product Development
Product
4 7 8 9
DevelopmentRoll out
Bleeding edge Leading edge Mature Obsolete
Level of
adopti
on
CapabilityFundamental Knowledge
Industry Visionaries
Industry Backbone
Late Entrants
Early Adopters
Lifecycle Stage:
Company Attitude and Behaviour
Lloyd’s Register & Collaborators
Academia
Technology Lifecycle & Innovation
Deployment in IndustryPrinciples
Innovation
Demonstrators
1 2 3 5 6
Technology Readiness Levels
JIPs, EU projectsGovernment bridging funds
PhDs, EngDs Post Docs
Product Development
Product
4 7 8 9
DevelopmentRoll out
Bleeding edge Leading edge Mature Obsolete
Level of
adopti
on
CapabilityFundamental Knowledge
Industry Visionaries
Industry Backbone
Late Entrants
Early Adopters
Lifecycle Stage:
Company Attitude and Behaviour
Lloyd’s Register & Collaborators
Implementing Strategic Research and Innovation
Hull loading and structures
Materials
Mechanical, Elect, & Control Eng.
11
22
33
Fire, safety & statutory disciplines44
55 Resistance & Propulsion
66 Human behavior and ergonomics
Syste
ms E
ng
ineeri
ng
Ris
k A
ssessm
en
t
CORE TECHNOLOGIES
INTEG
RA
TIO
N A
CTIV
ITIE
S
Tier 1 Goals
Tier 2 Functional requirements
Tier 3 Verification of conformity
Tier 4 Verified solutions
Tier 5 Industry practices/standards
Prescriptive Rules
Alternative Arrangements
Novel Arrangements
RIGOROUS VERIFICATION OF
INNOVATION
Applying emerging technology outside of prescriptive Rules using a performance-based approach …
What does the shipowner want?Specify the capability statement
Start development of the ‘assurance case’
Concept
Requirementscapture
Contract
Design
Build
Integration and
Sea Trials
Operation
Design and construct the sub systems.Gain approval of the sub system design
Develop the specification and gain agreement with all stakeholders and not just the shipyard. Place contract with known risk
Sub system testing and progressive integration of sub systems
Verified sub system integrationresulting in systems tests. Continuousreference and updating of the ‘assurance case’.
Verification
Validation
Accepted system, user tests, ensure systemmeets shipowner’s specification and the capability statement. Limitations to be identifiedand declared, ‘assurance case’ to be updated
Continuous through life review
Continuous review of the ‘assurance case’ following maintenance or modifications of the system
What does the shipowner want?Specify the capability statement
Start development of the ‘assurance case’
Concept
Requirementscapture
Contract
Design
Build
Integration and
Sea Trials
Operation
Design and construct the sub systems.Gain approval of the sub system design
Develop the specification and gain agreement with all stakeholders and not just the shipyard. Place contract with known risk
Sub system testing and progressive integration of sub systems
Verified sub system integrationresulting in systems tests. Continuousreference and updating of the ‘assurance case’.
Verification
Validation
Accepted system, user tests, ensure systemmeets shipowner’s specification and the capability statement. Limitations to be identifiedand declared, ‘assurance case’ to be updated
Continuous through life review
Continuous review of the ‘assurance case’ following maintenance or modifications of the system
To a
ddre
ss com
ple
xity
……
and t
o g
et
the b
asi
cs
right?
… implemented following a systematic procedure
Area – New & Novel designLead on risk assessment
Area – New & Novel designLead on risk assessment
Area – AD&ALead on equivalence
Area – AD&ALead on equivalence
Area – Goal based rulesLead on ensuring goals
are achieved
Area – Goal based rulesLead on ensuring goals
are achieved
Area – High ComplexityLead on systems thinkingArea – High Complexity
Lead on systems thinking
Dealing with increasing complexity …
Peer review
YES
NOStage 1 Assessment
Stage 2 Assessment
Stage 4 Assessment
Stage 3 Assessment
START END
Acceptancecriteria
satisfied?
Conventional Classification & Statutory Approval Process
Led by Subject Matter Expert
in relevant Discipline
Led by expert in Risk Assessment (or equivalent)
Risk Control Requirements (criteria, Rules, standards etc. to be applied during survey)
… using a standard process, scalable according to the degree of innovation, always applied with rigour.