27, lines 3, 4 & �5 � should read -

t t} t � t tl t (P0 ·pn) · ·o 1e s ,a;�,emen 1a t ·- .: t �s less than the number

of' ts in tlH� State :for a positive effect, i.e. thH:C i�1

less than (A!� Dm). ·(; ' this is so as :3,670 is less than

Pa.p:e , p one, the readjusted ' 1 �5 and 16. 6, should. read -

.0, 41.1 and 37.:5 respectively.

50, paragra�ph two, the es av<�rage length of' stay for visitor's car�1, of 27 , should be -

50

table • .Ne by Birthplace, 1961 the f:inal last column should read -

- 5,414

65, the final two U.nes should read -

less Net Net Overseas

+ Net Intersi;ate

67, reference number author's name should read -

A. J •

I • )'

\1.

by

R� G .. BOYLBS

August, 1971

'.rhis cl:l.f:>:3C'l:rt8.t:i.oxJ. :tr,J submi ttod as pa:et o:f i;he for a.n honours in eco:nomicr21.

( :ii)

I

been })Ubl:Lshod or o

of my no copy or

lL Go Boyles

( ::t:.Ll)

P:cafs.ce (:tv)

In-troduction 1

Kx:ternal �ifoverneni; 4

29

36

4. Measurercent Considerations 54

ConcJ. us ion 58

Apper.tdix I 60

66

Bi bl iogre,ph:y 67

(:lv)

�.1ho aim of tb.if:l is to

of of the v�:1.1 ue

indust:t.vy :i.n of grODI3

No a:ttomp·t is made to

attention i�J g:i.ven to tho probl ern�;

of totD:is t v:Lsi torr�;, the5.r &i.verage 1

value

Besides the value of touri12rt rece:iJ? ·ts � :i:t 'fY<�s 'l:he o:dg:incJ.

in·t.ention to pJ:'G:t:H:mt an emp:i.r:tca.l study of other measures of

tho t'iconor.uic bonefi tB of tourism to 'J:asmru1:la. Howeve:e in

contomplatine; the usefulness of such a broad E�tudy when 80

li tt1e is known about m.ore evant aspect;f3 of the indust:t:y�

in vvhich case the analys:Ls p:t•esentecl could only be of a

deta.:Lled. desc:riptive nature, :i. t was considered more valu€+

could be gained from the BJ.lproach adopted.,

Section 1 ·ta�eats tho problems involved in mea:mdng the

number of tourists visl ting the State; Section 2, the me[:\.<.:mre-·

rnent of the aver�:1-ge length of stay by tourist�c:; Sc,1ction 3

deals wl th ·the measurement of tourist e:x:perJ.diture; while

Section 4 deals generally ·w:i.th the problems of mEH>suremont

involved \V:l th some SUf.i;g·estions for fu.ture statistical

ooll eo t:Lons.

The enalycds

of

aspects for

s·ta:t:tsticn=t:L dt:1.tH

( \l')

topic is to t=tnd only tbose

ablo

appl

e.

of bas:to

ated. to the tour:tst :l.ndu.EJtry. 'I�le

nized method for the col1oc:i:ion of dcd;a j .. �� by mE:an�:J

of swnpling tourist population i tse1f but for the purposes

of this clisscor'ta:t;ion, this technig_ue proved in1:prHcticahle.

Ap<:u't f:rom the :publishe(l :;;d;at:tstics, informa·t:ion on various

coneernod.

No defini ·te concl usio:ns hava been d:ra:>vn f:t·om the · W'Ol.'lt

undertaken but i i; b.oped that some insight into the probl<::nurJ

fe.cine� the tou:r:lst industry have been indicated.; for th.ose

interested, the Bibliography con1:a:t:o.�.:1 some studios which

a:re considered to give a valuable co�:J.tribtLt:ton to tJ1e economic

treatment of tourism.

obvious to a wide ga;) bEd;wcHm words between e,nd reali 't:Le:J9 and ·\;o 'l1he oocmom:lc ro1 o of

of supplying

order to IH.1.blic

goods aud

an :i..ndust:ry differen·t :f:rom other

it :Lnvolves 't;h<? movement of people

The 1 ack of homogenoi ty in ·t;he

by to ur:L fJ ts.

of' the eoonorny in th<.:rt

th<:Ul cornmodi:(;:ies ..

demands :for goods and se:r"vio•:::s and in the et::d;ablitlhments

meet ·these dema.:n.ds, compl:Lea:tes the of the

vaJue of tourim!lp a problem consequent upon tf.le complexi��Y of

the ind.u::d;ry i tsE-:lf.

It is necesr3<J.ry to know the :t.•elati ve i.mpor·tance of tou:d.mn

in order to provide a basis of comparison with alternative

in"'rCf.-Jtment areas ar.td upon w.h:l.ch the decisions of both pul)lic

and p:d.va.te organ:l.zat:.lons can be made.

economic val uo of the tourist indu;::�·try is aggr�:1rated by the

lack of bt'l.Sic f:Jh!.'tirltical data.

Travel and �'ou:r·ifc::rn (Home, 1963) p. 4.

Of t:.h0)

a ti on in this

of th.e

from ·tourist

of the value of tour:i.Dt

of :i. va:e:LouJ:l

t

:i.rrtent:i.on of

e:x:pencU ture., However in contemplating the usefulnei3B of

ting a specific; mul t:i.plj .. or for tho to'ltr:i.st inclus1:ry :tt wafJ

considered th1:1."G as such t1 value by itsc�l:f$ Vf:i th no basis of

s Etnd in

view of the almo:;rt total abBenoe of touri�on statistics :f:'o:r

'I'asma.nia10 it Wc}.s felt that there were more important and

relevant nBJ?eets of the tour:is·c indu.stry worthy of earlier

In considE}:r:i.ng the components of e;ross receipts from

�- . t , . j. '} h :t 1 0 '] . 2 .:;our:ts · El:&:pencu:cure� ·c;.le same approac. as tu:�ec, )y g:t . . v1.e

is adopted.

His approach :i.nvol ved the measurement of ·-

1 . Exi:erx.uu rnov<:Jment, ox· arrivals and departures of touristzl.

2. Inte1'11tJ. movement� or the length of stay of tourists.

2. Jl'. W. Og·il Yie, (J.Jc•ndon: P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 19;53), p. 11.

n:rc'

rospee

Ho attempt is nH1do to

com:ponEn:J.

Ins

O.o. J.

has been

:l.n the J:'Je:xt

OS

have beon

:i.n the ca��os whl';re information was ava:Ua.l)lo.

conside:t.•ation been g:i:vr.:m to

for me�;u:mr:ing each e.

ar

Section 4 :Lf� conce:r.:ned wi·th the fu:bm·e coll��ction of

to

of

tour:tsta v:un :> 1 , 1970.

1f31,000 tora cm.Jle to and. 3

The 'oth.ex· g t'!i) used :i.n GO'(I'(iJ:t,'Dli1ClJ t <W.d

equal to ·�}H� be to �em.d holiday

·to thoae vi121i ·t:or::1 came primarily :tor reasons 0

visits, or Bimil<lr reasons. 'rhe report on. the f.'d;ated the

Host of thcSE3 v.i.si tors ion. Jf.L·thouglt tho amoun·t oerta:i.nly beneficial to ·the it ce:r1 rightly be rE�garch:d Stai:e from what is usually

are not influenced by tourist px·omo t--� v:tn:U;orG s_pen.d in TaEm1or.da

Stat<�'s economy� it ir; doubtful i:;hr:lt; cU3 pal't of th1:: in.come dc::r:tvEHl by "ch,�4 described as iilH:-i • tou:r.:tst :l.ndtmtry'. ·

This opin.:ton is, in general t not sha:r·c�d. by Iutornaticnn'\l 'fuuri�:d�

the torm 'foreign i;our:i.st' the defin:i.t:lon recommended by the Comm.:i ttee of Stat:ist:i.cal Exper·ts of the I,oague of Nations in 1937:

1 Any person visiting a country9 other than i;hat in which usually rea:tdes for a period. of at least 24 J:1ou1•s.

3. �Fhe �l'rf)asurer, .§.1:l?::Y:2L21:,!ll..EL!2.ux::i:f2.:L .. IQ;9-,�ls ttY....Jll-�!���P.l.�?i a� Government I'r:Lnter� Hoba1·t, 1969, p. 10.

�J:he a)_ lH�rson�� tn1w up <-m

courrtry; b) o'thGr c) F;tud<?n:ts.1 and young

;

worlc:;. to aoti vi �cy :tn

coun or

d) res:ldents i11 <;d :i.n one Ml:OJ. try and e) f3"toppiug� even if

can t'!lso en�ployed :f:''or na pu1·p�H1er;;. A� 0r:tny perso11. visi a !Jlace :tor a period

hour.o:>1• Persons :lng for fJa.�mJ:'e a pe:do(l of ·than 24

hours are treated as 1 excur�;;:l.oniiJ ts' •

In 1963, Uni "ced Nations Conference on International Travel

and 'rour:i.sm (Rome) cons.iclo:recl end recommendcjd the us<:l of �:t clef:in:i. tJ.ou

the OECJD �Pou:r1.mn Committee. Hovmver the de:f:tni t:i.on u:Jed by the Uni tocl

Nations and alr:Jo the Intermr�ional Unio:n of Official �l::rave1 Orgaxli�s-· 6

I:n thit:� paper the de:f'ini tion usecl for Jche term 'tour:i.st' $ :tn tb.e

5� ODCD �!olll::'ism Comrni ttee� .�2-'frlJ2.J.I.L.:LQ._g"'11LQJLJ{ts�mJ:..£!:._Q.����Ittri.:1.�:� ( PE�ris: Organi�ation f'or J£co:uomio Co-.·opEn'e;l;ion cmd Dovelopm.entp 1970), p. 7.

6. llli·

case of' w:Hl be a of

not TJ.orrna1ly

of at l

7

lllE"Ii;hod.r;;l by be

recorded ·- at; thE� cov .. :n't:ry

changE) the:i.r accommodat:tOJ;1 tho:tr visit but a:L1m

tho method would 11.ot bE> ve of the tour1.:;r!; lllOY<<:ment as many

'I'he first method will be UBl'>d here :Ln an attempt to dc?te:rm:tne the

nuruber of to uri£� tf� v:i.s:i ting ��aBmania. This method t:rppea.rs to be the

obvious meann of meafJn:r:i.ng th.o tourist movc-1meni.: for �l'asma.nia as

travellers to and f':eom the State must trav-el by e:lther sea or air,

there be:i.ng no overland ;)o'tU'neys� day oxcursioni�:;J·ts� and few travellers

in�-transit. It :ls thus a relatively simple IlH:J.ttex• (simiJle:r than :f.'or

a colmtry or state with lend borders) to measure the number of arr::i.Y·-

als to and departure�> from ·�he island.

7. A discussion of the validity <>f' :i:o.clnding v:Lr:>i.tors other than those whost:; p:dran:ry pu:�;'Pose fo:r \:riiJ:l. ting the State is for a hol:LdP\Y' as tourists vrill be deferred until Part .lf, ,

In 11umbe:r; ar.td :f:c-om

the of

or

·then tlw

formerly

er.we once

:i.n ·tending to up

'I'11U13 aocordi11g to

9 both overr:Hl<:m and.

in tho State for i�he fir��t

definition of a tourist given ahoVE'clf' i:he:re

returnirJg.

H sh.ould

overseas and intorst�:;rte e.ncl formerly '.l:asmanian

intcmdi:np; to take up po:rmrulEmt rE:sitlonoo wi th5.n the State.

�rhe non .. -'J�oJHTlau:i.an resi<lents sec·tion of i.;otal arr:i.vals may

be sub .. �divided. aecording to the defiu:ttion of D. tourist 1.nto

tour:lsts and rlonN•t<.mrist;s" Of the total non-rosidcnt arrivals�

the follovving 'vi11 not he rog�u'doci as touristr.:l ·�

(i) PJ.wono v:tsi ting the State for a period of less them 24

hot:t:r.s unless a pt.H3Sengex· on a sea cru:l.SEl.

(ii) Any011e intending to take up tempore.:ry employment ri.:Jmun-·

eratE1d from Within rl'e.smania. ( fln.yono On tempora:ry

from the maicl�:md or ovc:r�:1eaa and remurwrated from the

Het:dclerd;s (i)

( ) Employ·od

(i) oasm�()� health, otc.

(:ii)

(iii) Bm.dnefJS

( v) N·onm•).:'E.lf:lid.E.mt Students

(vii) Seamen

( vi:Li.) Other

apo:rtp Ertc.)

employed here� and d.G:pendents of such viGi tors should

be ree;a:r.d�;d as tourists.

Of the total D.on-residen:l; arrivals� t;h<� f'ollowing wl.ll be

(j_)

for

rel

(Hi)

r.md n:wy bo cl

ty o:f &J1Y l>:ind

e t:t<;;, de, )

for

to

and.

(iv) Anyone ar.r:Lv:lue; in the course a sea cruise, even

they stay lese:'! thall 24 hours. ( AllOV(l p. 5.)

( v) e i:;uclents.

( v:i.) Vi.ai nd.l:ttary .rn�ovided tho:Lr 1 of

(vii) Seamen on dur:iJJ.g the eourse of the:i.r sh:i.p 1 s

stay :Ln. 'J}asmania.

(viii) Visi to:rs not incl ucled abov-e and incl ud.ine; d.epcmden ts of

i;eraporary workers a.nd competitors in :L11tcn···-state yacht

races.

It is ueefu.l to construct a table ::dmHoJ: to Table 1 for

Total DepHrtures from the Sta:t{��. as �woner or later those travellers

not :Lnhmding ·l:;o ch�:.me;e their pl£1.<!e of l�esidenee wi:U appear in

both the arrival and departure f:l.gtu .. nos even if not in the seme

per:i.od. Slwh a table is not pre8entod lw:re, as th(:> ba.sic comr)on-·

ents are. the f�ame as for Tablo 1, namely�

n. e on

(' ,, from

In order

to

e.re poor :Lndic:a:!X>rl:l of the 1

the number of of

tra.vellers could fa11 :Lnto of

Yet the only ave.:llable tical :tnclicat::i.on of the 1

of tour:tst acttvi ty are the for tot!tl arr:hral�:J nnd

artures as publ:iJ::hecl by the Bu.:r.'€�au. of Cemms and S·tatis'i::i.cs.

Suo11 nu1nbers� being compil. ed from information st�py;l:i.Eld by the

tvro national atrline�� and on the numherEl of emba:t�k:tng and d�t;;�-�

emb<:trking sea ·i;::r.avellers, would also :tnclnde staying

1 esB th�:m. 24 hours bu.t exclude travol by n1embers o:f the

and sh:i.p:ping compan:i.o�1 on company bw:lineso. To a certain ext;ent

the eff�Jcts of these two ca:�ego:d.E>s will cm:wel

though the al t:er11.at:i.ve a.dop·ted here :i.s to assume the numbers of

be

and period J.n wh::Lc:h

�.'able 1 (

to

p t ,,,

t for four

hmrrevElJ� 11 vr.:Ul be confined

d:i.SOUEJf3:i.On

o:f pa.rticu.la.r u11til lator

m:-e based on popula:tion of

'J!nsmania the census of 1966 and o:n s and

since that with :t�G'l:L911Ce llll:l,dEJ on the of

the Govern.mGnt tourist of 19G9. 13osides 0(�

of ·the number of tour:b3t visitors 1;o Jcho State� the f'ollow1ng

\Vork e�lso demons·tratos the impact of tourism 011 the populaM.on

of 'I'asman:i.a and in pa.:rtic:ul ar ·the seasonal demands created. for

�:'he basis of the d:iscur:�s:ton is ·t.he now method. of estima·tine;

populat:i.on by the Common.weaJ. ·f;h Bureau of CEmeus and Statistics

Until the Censur.:l of 1966, qua.rte:t:ly in.tercenso1 population of E-;ach had boon es 'i�ima tod urJin(-s three cornponimts: (i) the proviours cemnlfJ popttla:t:Lon; (ii) accumul-· ated natural :trJ.c:reasc.;; ( H:i.) accumtu, atocl In this cuJ.ationp migration w;:ts tho al arr:tval�'.l, � :for 8hippin.g aJ1d a:Lr·� craft ( and for fJhipping:, aircraft9 ra::Ll a.r1d

I:.VJ child urea p SUJlpl au:rveyB,

business or o 9

th<� popul at1.cm

and

Tasmexda are not

Census a:o.d S·ta.t:tt:J If they werE'p the permanent settlers

a method employed by A. J. Haeger and upon

·tab1os prodttced. by tho Hunter Valley li'oundation, an

attempt wa£� made to estimate the two com]JOnonts o:f llfJt� m:le;ration.

involved,

9. l)eputy Commonwet:ll th llureau of' Censu��

pp. 127-1213.

+ 7 156 Dt"lC. + 403 515 1%

1967 �{� 641 H37 Jm-:t. 411 1 228 710 ,, t.lOp. ·l 1 176 6'!7

+ 797 :;;n 1:5'7 421 0

1968 ·+· 118 917 :run. 501 1 22€3 800

··}� 102 '729 Dec. +1, 702 1 9 0 1 ,

1969 Mar. + 457 636 173 864 407 Jun. 488 '!20 1 , 1 716 1 F ;�69 Sep. 116 195 �?.2D 592 671 787 Dec. + 285 7 169 228 321 775 490

1970 Mar. 159 559 143 228 803 787 946 Jun. 4�38 159 1 1. 461 686 1 � 620 Sop. 64 425 157 2Z:3 560 6:53 717 Dec. ·I- 616 216 82 f:l44

4(�"'"'"'""""""_...""""""."""""''""�·�"'"""'"·"'"'"'�''""'�""'''·� .... ---�-----= ... ,.,,.._..""""""'""�-"'-"'"''""'""'�·""-"·•---�"""-"'""'""""�,.. .. ,="'-"'""_{_,

640 9p 770 4, 58B a�

See .Appendi:zr I

xnigration movemcmt to

and from Ta:=.tmania. �'he table was de:d:ved ill

(a) An estimate ws_s mi.gra·t:Lon to

(under the method of estimating population.) for

since J'une 1966.

(b) An

overseas and for people J.eavine_� permm.1e11Uy :fo:r overseafJ.

(c) F'rom th(il p�::rttern indicated by the cex1s1.wes of 1961 nwl 1966,

rmd

l:tsed to

should

method of es

rrable 2 ean

and (b)

'" ) "''"' y fi' (,U,.J.

101�000, or 7, 272$ vrere l

c. "'

as it ia considered

a. 1

:t"CflUJ.

Sltrvey ot' 1969.

fJhovrocl tb.at 7. 2'}0 of

for per:tocl.

for t:he p<:sr:Lod of ·the survey� i.e. 1

of

in

1968

to 31 March 1 969 W'EtS 1 ,874� nnd the period July 1 1966 to

December 31 19'70 � total permanent clep a:rtures � as a

Depa.l·tu.ro and A.rriv�:tl figu.:c-es etre shown in �'able 3 belm11.)

""" 1

the

a more up

the

Ot;ho:r

e:es

.1.

To tal Perso:o.r�

"104�000 779000

101�000

of

ancl hence the two

groupo 'hol :td.ay 1 1:1I1d 'other vi1d tors' can be g::r.'Ouped

into ca·tegory of non.-Tasmanitul residents to Table 1.

As stated above, 7.Z� of Tasm1.mi.cu1. depart:i .. ng-� or 2. 7��

total.

:L'lw percentage break u�p for tl:to differont categories of

travellers for '.l\rtal l\.r:ri·1rals will 'bt:.l sU.gM;ly

A.

(1 ' .

I·!; '\'V:i.ll

ing th�l

J5y

been

categoriefJ� tho

namely peoplt�

') t ••

break up :Ls

9

to

64.0

tho

e t

however the

has already been assumed that 1;hof:le visit:ors lees ·[:;han

24 hours a1.•e nElgligi'blG pro�port:i.om�,)

Perhaps 1;he mai.n ·L,ypes of tempo:r::a:rc>y

for the

no apparent WDY by which

to measure the:l.r nu.mbEJl'S, the al adop t0d. here ir;> to

to nu.m.boJ:' :is b1G

numbor of: tour:UJ

v:lsi

trp of: s

atl.<nl. of

the number of to be

as nn comrmm:i.ty to be

'rho of'

c1r:rt of rol the"'

popu1

of

the; ,prE{ITious contnls popul o:t:i.cm� �Hilcondlyt an ad;j

increa�H:l dtt:!:"ing each qua.l�·l;ert a.nd th:i.rdl;y;. an Rdj

migra:t:ton which ifJ

departures �:mel hence

lers.

to

to tlw

, and.

allow·

as

for

for nElt

'l:::raveJ.-

�:l1e old method of est:i.EH?.'dng t;he pcrpulation involYed th.e S<:DlH3

componentG, except net migration was

betvreen totrl1 ar:r-i vals and. tota.l depH.rturei:1 for the period u:ncler

cons:i.d.orat:Lon. :not only did th:I.s 1r1.ethod account fo:r actual net

in the lrci.gration figures tourists

Ht �:�

·I; """'

l,n. n ''l; ··- Po ���

popul

Under ·the

P� .. � Popul

rl = '[;

0 p + 0

of e21

'J··�" l'fJ'n_J· ... + :v"t; + . t;

N. + :L

end.

in

end. of

nnd if

t,

( L 1)

(L

if

('I • 3)

(L4)

popul nt:i.on "'" P�

In the case CJlles·l;iou, the previous censuB popul a·t:Lon�

Pg = P� , is the e.:msu::J popula:tion at 30th, 1966, and. trw

considered is the Sept:ember crlv?J:'ter 1 966 to the Doeember

li"',<• . )..1' JYJ·" +·qs f'o 1:P T:·r rn 1P J:.! ;.o II HH•\J .. J:' t

? l t ' '<li; f \t

an<l P� a:r.:·e 13h.ow:o. :tn :l'abl0 4

in col unm.s ( 1) to ( 5) J:'eS]?OCti.vely.

l�ot6 that th<:J item M� , t(3X'med. lH:;r<� tOld 1 Net Jftl.gration, v

includes not only the actual net mlgra.tion, M� , for ·!;ho period t

"'l1d D "�'"' 'I'c· + �:l C�. � t Ct-..w.�c,.; .. ) trt.:v.

of

s and

A D r�e �� "ma .t;JG � ·� v '•t 1 • t ' . .

l�:ffec·l;9 Hro shO\'i.'TI in Tablo 3

(Po ·= Pn)

t t 9

( 1) to { :; )

of the tables are

g:!.ven; t.he o'!lhe:r c�orrrponc:rn.ts have becm

relatiom�hips (1, 1 ) to (1.5) above. Some need anr:rtion ..

:from

(L5)

1!1.0 of both :eables 3 and 4 i::1 d.cn:-i ved ( 1 • �5) and hence

is (�qual to t:he d.iffe:renoo between coh1mns. ( 1) and ( 2) :Ln 'l1a.ble

3 .a.nd also to ·the sum of column {4) o:f '11able 3 and colunm (3)

of �!able 4. Tt is a1r:w der·ived from ( 1 . 5) a:nd is <.i1CJ.Ua1 to

(A - D - J\�11). t ·1; t

In Ta:ble 4t Popu1at:ion, Pn , is tl.te qua:r·l;e:rly adjm'.ltGd :pop··

ttl at:i.on f:i.gu:ro fo:r 'J.lo.smania. Net H1g:ration, is obta:i .. ned

for each quarter by removing ·the nattu•al

po:pul a tion change for Jch(:J quarter nnd :h� f3hcrwn by ( 1 , 1 ) r

val

� Oldt atiou

OS l�u.reau

of Genr:rtw and tics

be from (1.2) and ( 1.4),

rP xl.t P

o ""'"' <1. t ·t :t

i-. 1� • • • , t

·- + f.t�()!11 ( 1 ,, :>)

:l,0. ( 1 '6)

not

the cn:unulative effoct of tourist

presont It if::� equaJ. t;o t;he cumul sum of thc'l

up to

of tou:dr>t movement ill

out of 1]}a:±Jma:rda had bal�:mc(:>d out to g:l.Ye a z<.:.n�o net po:pula:kLon

Etre equal for that

'l'he :i.mpJ.:i.cat:i.on of the ln.st ationehi� (1.6), is its

dmnona

I:f Jll t

who

Not

number of

of

by (L6L

the

sum o:f'

Tasman:i.an

B:ffeot

Tasman:ltt

t:ton of conmrttrd.

ttto 'normal

t;o �1\.un of

d

( t val uc.:J the

of p d t.

:1n tho

end

and

by

ation

period t th.e 11mn of

t.

fJilfJ:Y :i.f' the Ne·t J:>opulaUon J�ffeot

of toltr.ir�ts in

the encl of period t. J!'or ins·tance at the t:md of

tho December 1970 � the nu.mber of non�·reril:l.dent

in Tr:�sman:i.a at that ti.mo is :no·t necessa:r::.i.ly 4,8929 j_n fact the

number of tour5.sts pre:;:tcm.t would certainly be greater since

vvould be at least some 'rasmanir:m :r.er:.ddentl3 touring on tht3 meti.nland

1966 Dec"

1967 I\'Iar.

196B ,Tun.

J)ec.

1969 83�019 88F119 �run. 68� 1 76�073 SC�JJ' 59� p574 Dec�. 8!5� '7)g

1970 1\la:re 93,497 100, J\m. 72� 79� {:< •:.l0:p. 67? 6ES,

87� 1 74,

'.Potal 1 �

.�'n{i Doputy Cormnor1weal th Stai.;:i:ri:icr::, tv ( mrpublir:lht:1d,

+

+ + 9

,._, 6, 092 - 3�

377 +10�

- 5� 1 O>W 7,9'13

- 61 - 6� - 1 p 448 +12�19:5

+ 7,

Si.;a 1971) � APJ;>Emd:l.x B.

Column (3) de:rived fl"'Olll equaJ;ion

Column (4) dm:ived from equation

Column ( 5) de:rived from equation

(1) and ( �)) �'able 4.

·� 5�5::i7 - 7,

3 374

·= 6, '79£:� - 5v '70 1 - 1, +-11,64'1

���:•ravcoll

+11 �

� 1� + 01.34

+ 2, - 4jl -51' + ?, 1��1.3

+ 330

Bureau of Oonsus m:td

(1.:"3)

( 1 • 5)

( 1. 6) ttnd colunms

)0/6/1

1966 JJee� " ! �

l\:1ai·. i ,, tTun. 1 � 1 �J0]). 1 �o·E:i Dec., 1,103

r.!a:r. 1 9

J'un. 19 0 Sep. 1 1, 1 �57 Dee. 1 �

1969 lViar. 1,443 ,Jun. 1 ,"l

1 � 116 Dc�c. 1�41::1

1970 Mn.:t:o. 392? 1 � 1:>9 JtU1, 39(?� ;:;oo 1 � 234 Sep. :393p 700 1 �

Dec. p 600 1 p

To 21

li.Qj�g_: Column de:d:ved from

Column derived :from

Column derived from

+ ·+

+

+ +

+

+ +1,059

+ 457

1'!6 �{� 2B�3

1 :>9 ... 934

64 ·i� 546

equation. (L 1)

equation ( 1 • 5)

equnt:i.on (1.4)

+ + 11 v

�· 6� ··� 3�

377

100 � 7�9n

- 6�9�5'7 .... 6� .,.. 1 »

+12, 1

371

�>:30 3137 � 1 ;29

945 400t492

th Statintician,

IHI'� ]"n r1

0 - M

"" Po

:i.:n.

pattern of both

e:nd

a 1 a:rge :!.nfl ux of \ihile

the o d soom

low of. and

a 1 &.rgo ou

Ii;

l?art of tiH:) mo v·emen t.

The of. �Pabl e 3 and. 'J!e,bl E� 4 ViTEn:·e ctU

by the Bureau of CensuB and

the at.'ISlunptio:n that the

arrival o.nd

could be

to·ta1

extended. rl''h:i.s could be d.one a�J fo11ovm -

s 1 ess tota1 cl.OJI

If tn pedod t,

Am ··- non·"":r.esident tourif:�t a:rr:tvals. ·t ,

D� ·- no:n�·rei.:ddent t At - �ra.rnnania:n :r.esidcmt tourist

also

and

by

are

To the

derive

is

figurer�

r· e .1.

( + n:.) ll

:l.n Table �,i.

arri-va.l::1 are nhown by Am :i.n Table �5.

Am •

J.S

dep�-tJ:•ture fj_gurcs vmre cleri1;red by

vel u13 � the e�3 timated nE3t tourist

agree

t

.. m· ·r; t '"•JJ)+( M ) t

$ 1\'t ancl D t� of

tou:rist

so cleri ved vv.iJ.l not

m m t t At'"'T +D ·-(A ·-D) t t t t

from ( 1 • '7), and where '1.1 , t

(L7)

t m A

Quarter

}\;Ia:r&. Jun. Sep. Dec.

45�676

1966 1967

54y 4:?4

36v997 32� ·n-

/)� 47? 46t407

1968

20 fr f3'71 1 697

1

1969

41:3,766 53?049

17 �1:3'77

�,,� ;2 p ::; ... j �

+ 101:3 +4,

3;5,451 410 ;?[3;�

+3, 97�i

1970

59� 745 40,169 43,554 46�574 34�063 37t 'T50 43,034 52�230 5<h930 � 6C31

and '1'ab1c t1�

( - :0

No

Po 't

Population

and

rP •. ·� f,';;;t;

vnluor;;

of

(1,.'7) fo:r:· �1\

j.m. l ·�

i

:i .. f.-5 to 'th<) to tal o :f c�o1 unru ( 4) 'I1abl o

(3) (6) e 5.

touris·t ond of'

to the

of touristB :i.r1 ·tho

10m) • �'11··r s .·1'.s . t n <• • .. ,.

.

the value o:f 4�892 at the end o:f' nee ember

:Phis cotltradtcrtion would bo

f:eom tho

C.� ·� , . . /

( 1

and the r:mm

tv J..n

1eSf:! than

1970.

application of

of ar•ei val and clop arturo wDuld

not be eonntant th:roug·hou.t tho year and would be expac'llt:Jd to

fluC"t:uate BOmowhat IITOX'() than Sh0\1:1)1 by 1l'able 5.

of ve of

vis:\

no

't a11d.

vmre kncrv;rn Dm) -crrould bc3 to l)·t) 170Uld b(� to

on thG

by

ao ( ill D ) cumul

wuuld the mtmbor of tou.I·:l.sts in a a:t; ·thG of

each period; s:i.mil of

on a morrbhly would

and from which could :i.mport�:1n·t for the

demand for t;ourist

1 ·to u.:ei s ·t� 1 not th.e H 'erie t of

a i;our:t�Jt ar� ce:rta:tn sim.pli:fytng asr.mmptions wero

various categorioa of t:r.·avell<:n•1J shown by �l:able 1, then by

addine further Yariables ·to thG rcl desc:eibecl9 tho Hbove

tho

movEnnen·t of any category of tra;;rollo:e.

may be tb.e 1

§

r:rn umor a say t• �300 1, numbcn' o)_:' v::ls:L

an ux1ln1o \\.l:n

tha 1;

f:com.

of �J

1 DJ:�p:o� nwy bE3 not muoh.

1

cho to mcnremEmt and

of

Og:UY:i.e of ca.1.cu1 1 of

Method;

naire Mothocl; and cL an 12 m.et1:tods

bel<rw in o:L tv.£lt:Lon.

a.

of in't;erna1 might provide �30Yl1Cl

useful information, prcnr:id.(ld that the o:f hotels (

t gueBt�·nights'.

. )

on

wou1d

would bo a vory·

of o1l

ho hut it would

tho

so

b.

for t if

t;he:1 tourist movement

ou.t of the

abou.t

the :number of tou:rhr!;s en:� on

censua� and how many

at:i.on of

of which

employed.

would be given by (G. rr)/V ,

C is t;lw of v::Li:d on census dnyg T is the

and for a year 365

v and IT

clo

:fo r

by

one

'Ihe

of'

WOlJ� d

by

d

to moaBure

on

as it was

t due to the

Commonweal

tlw

DEl w·e11 EtEi

h<W been

t mcnremon t and

did not s

tha·t an

de vi from

the

in 1 969 .

l ength

:trtdic Ht:lon.

menu at one encl.

of tho e , L e . for the l engthB o f s

showing c ertain info rm&d;:i.on 1 of for bo th HoLl.day

and Other V:tsi torB WEts difJp1 aye d. howover . 1 3 No attemp t war:1

made here to oxt:cact an es timate :for the l ength of r� due:

d .

�Ph e basic cdm o f thiD mEd;hod :i.a t o dcrterm.ino a s:lng1 e

1 :; • 'l':he

and a

c'.nd

on

:id.<'?al

of

o f coul d

be for all

"Values .

:l.s of

of peop1 <�

in one no:id:.

val fl an(l

sho�m :b:� July 1 9G7 w:ill

have h:ls date in and if do:p

l:l in hi s 1 of stay

betv1oen the tvm datc�El . If coul d bEl done

then

and dop e.rture fo r all of

s tay coul d thon bo found by

But a.s i.:he betTvoen tho a.ri thmet:tc al mo ans of two

1 4 . Soo OgH v:Le� � pp .

Dec omller

once

�

2 1 � 1 9 1 21 �

22p 0 1 4 26� 1 6 �

\ 96 1 ;;> ·j � 871 ;�1 �

p 1 2'7p 04'! w � 763

thtlll attemp t to f:i .. nd

el eme:n tEl of

��6 � , 'I

21 ' 671

f:J.rr:i. val and

dop for e�ll ind:t vidual s � i t :i s more conv-cn.ient to find

the arrival date r:tnd mrerage e..nd to

the d:i.fferenco bc rlV!C:Jcm the to of

o f oll :i.J1div:tdua1 s .

cu1 ate from the monthly arr:l.val

and dep arturEl � the moan m�r.i ve.l elate Bnd the me,!ln

the 1 <-mgth o:f tho month aB8umed to 'be 30

had :Ln

rnny bo

o f

of

of

tho numbf;>:r of

down by 1 e.iC! 't

and

was done in

to a

end mon th::J �

p Elri.od a.Et. the p eal{; of thE:

f:rummer mon i.;hs .

e:r:ro r

the

is

0 0

for :�o

of the

the

'lb.e roGu1 ts o f the c a1 eul ationB for the HH:Oi an 1 of s t ay

revoal ed ver:y cons:i. s of vi s:L tort:� fo r the three ye arr:.�

re.:rul ts o:f:" 1 2 . 66 days, 1 3 . 71

1 9 67·�6£; ? 1 9 60.,�69 F and 1 969-:70

a11.d 1 2 , 42 days fo r the :fGars

• No

ements o f the

arr:i.vo1 ancl d op artltre f:tgures ; t; o f

nn the arrlval and. is to

u.nde:C'a

and

of l

be t

BJ2'0

o:!:'

'Pl.1e

eel

1

llfJ0 of

d so

y

of whol e

woul d no t 'b e the

reason� the monthl y nm.:l

Ill tho ugh no

1 ::>

s tay of vi::::d to:n2: to the S i;�:d:e haf3 been

])

fJho w11 in e 7

; for this

·wE�re no 'f;

l fmgtll

detail r�

o f such f'or ar tyrJ es of i;ra:xre11 o:rs are Icnown

vdll be in the

turo

D:i:ffioul o f touri H t

e :I.n en

0 numoro nG D.nd

much. more

l e acl to ,<:Jn

o f tou:d. r;; t exp

the

val ue of is to

:f woul d. en

(1 � o ther than

ture� ef;p eci al.ly in

i.ntorstate

rnovements aJ:G rnu.cb. l <:�ss de tec ·l;ihl e than fo :r

t;ra.nsfers . l:lkel ihood of

arno1..n1ta of cash bed .. ng by intorstate touri s t;s as

as bl e 1 :e'rom o sourceB . One o ther

al eoul d bo

by

to n1low

J?aros and ·1ren

:i. ·l.;uro on

during a:nd

abl e ;

the l ength of s of

daily only be

tu:re on fa:ros by

to �:asmani a9 the d bEl a.s

has a bea:d.ng on

(i ) 'I'ho of' emba:r:·lud:ion and

disemb ark ation .

( :i.v) Dis tritn:t tion among sea a.nd t:r·a:vell ers �

1 6 . Og:d. v:t e ,

o f

t s o f

In

of

d

s ame

. 65 :for a

was

J!'or o f tho r5urvo;y �

routes ?

!i 1 E3 SJc.::ttC:J e

by suoh

coul d

( a ) J,ro s t o f the i;he Etnd .

( b ) Much of the Melbourne .

( c ) w;os -t; of the on 111nsmani .::ca

t the

mont of Hj.rcraf t;, eto .

18., , p . 29 .

o f adu1 t

9 .

o.f 1 7

o f 'I

rnad<:: ;

f for

di ff0T011'(;

on

o f

of on

ec

to be

0

fo r

for

( d )

( o )

In

1 9 .

20 .

c an

· :fo r 'bo th

hal f these amcm:o.t:J , �llhe

p . 2f3 .

propo:rtion

:iE:l suppl ied to the a:i.rl :i.nes in soa on thco

9 tho v.r<�.igl:rced e fa:ros

c nl eu1

(

Ita 3 L 1 . 1 4

1 •

m.o clc� o f

�;b �t of ,o

89 1 1 100

Sea ( 76j:j) 8:5 1 5 1 00

( a%) 90 1 0 1 00

( 1 6�{,) 90 i O 1 00

( 1 00�.; )

that of to f 74j'0

woul d by s e a �

Por o:r � f:rom Apx·:n 1 96f:3 to '1 969 t es tiuJcd:ed encU ture by ·f;ort� on [;U'�) iJhO\vtl 13}i1 follovva ·-

in

on

evor:rtu.a1l;y·

lnd tlB t:r:'y

rec eived by

ai:e1 y ono of the

'79G�

0

m:iJJ. ions o f do1l e!l'l:1 ill

th.e prop o r tion actual l y

o o f 1 COBtS

moaau:ee

made

:L invol Yed are

Ye t;

en.d . dep

'l'he rocnJ1 ts o f

:Ln the

F.w me

of

ta

:Ls mo:t'e

1 even

with

f�O on. Ac tually

of

of p

by the

n.o t

or

of'

of ta1

·t

An

in ()

of hol i d ay

from ov orr:J (:. tU::l wo ul d fro m

by

1 s l oad :i.ng

0

inc:1 vini 'ti:ng

e on :b.ol 24

2�) . '.11.1.8

�� �:'asmani an :tor

ob of

of

Numb or 4

:Lnfo:t'mn:i;ion

1:t:eod to

of to tors to 1'ar::meni a

l eas t 1 1

turo

coul d

tmcl

:i..n 'l'asnw.D.:t a.

b .

2H . 9</b of

( L E) . o f 1 04 w 000 ) and 8 . of o ther

( L C). o f 77 p 000 ) vrere on 1) • 'rhat

vis:l tors the ( :i. . <':� 0 of W 1 J 000)

be

the p

uo o f

to urs :i.nvol vecl w�:1.s � 540 , :?43 .

20 . of to tal

to

'J�asn1ur.d.an conton·l;

tho

o f

( :t t

of ho t :ts 26

HOW\:JVE):r:' GovEl:t'nmont

ago tour '

for :t ·t

The remr::tindcr an:;

c by P:LorJoe:;:· :I'ou:cf�l and o Ji'o r e hand1

by

'rhus there :u;: an app l argo o f

o f eo bo remaindcn:· of

the be madE1 up of

0 E:1Cho ol

and o

On tours in � :L t was found

27., ry;J:w 2B . �:1hG

.; . .,!; •• ·;.,,";"'""··'�- ' p • 9 •

GO

bol

ll o

1 0 !� 600 1 '1 � 400

(

POOD ( Ho t in ho to1 s

I•'OOD &

p ,.

. )

. )

all Vtl p

ho tc31 s ishmerrts , )

( H:i vor

C)f

0

o f

to

00

·tov.r. )

60 •

64� 7%

23 . 0

ote . )

1 0 ,. 0

'J'_11,' C) 'C·,HJ1!1·:lr "1\:l.l.·.·'.,,'.·"l· '.·':! ( (" .,;;. '"�1., �'::-,·1 0 'J -� P · i 'll /;>, ')

' ' <, ' • ' \ ) .!., .! '"·- " :.• •• � ' '·'

appl for co ac:b.

No te that

tho :'-l o touris on E!Jl

any an.d ma:dco tGd by that

1 9 1 9

1 6 1 6

1 4 14

o:f

, 000 1 , 445, 000 1 ,

. )

i�:; us ed for

any, and in

nw.j ority on such o.re adtLl ts ,

o f'

resul t , I t i s that

P and tho numb or

amoun t o f doubl e coun c:oul cl

fo r

)!

known

coul d to U.ort on p

in

of

ncooun.t for

r.tumbora . is

for thGEI CJ '(;:o; :L�3

on of

the co s ·{; of ur do os no t ude cmd. no t

me e1 s � :i ()�S anc1 ture p

to be much the <J<:lmo ar'.l for

� :Vc could bo nosumc::cl v:rii:;h ::JOmc

29.

p

lll/3,

of )

clue

1) ·' to

'i'J() tl] d.

va1 uo to

o:n.d :J.

val ue of e:::xp

th'� eo s t of

by for

. 06 p er hol

hol

for all p ts

o vor a:ncl abovo the

d ay . Onc e

have bee:u 1ncl udod ht

be

wo:d;h 5 . 0 0 ,. No

to clwJlC,'GS in to m:' co s ts and in

c . Ao comp vohiol es

o n

?0 � 000

o f

i s

0 0 p or

ts � i i; CO'lll d

oxp ture

J''o r tl1e purp o s e o :f the GovE:rnmont

n:n. 71 % of C l:sl'fJ

and c

and.

C a:cava:rJ.C!

on1 y .

coul d w01ll

a.s it vvas

and oft;on

oxc op t t

is no t s ted. sp

30 .

o f

tod to

312

fo r Y0Hl"

l fo r

\'iTO ul d. HJ? p t;o bo

coul d well

tuaUom� :Ln.

pro;j Gc t an uru�eal :lD t:l .. e

t:i.on

givon tJw ,. 3 1 ... . J.'>. 2 . 6 " .Ln. GllO

:f'o :r

0 1

no t

f:i a:o.d hen e o

l'lbou.t wllom sorne

avail (J

( :L) to tt3

i.;hEl crew mernbers

of

by Crevt Members

:Ln ishod

no t :iJ) r:; of

D .. bl C v

:L:J

II .

$57� 000

J' np acwi:H:l fi sh<�rmo:n o:n 1'3hore l eave . Fo r the year�> 1 9 69-'70 n:ncl

berthed wore 262 and 3 23

�Pkxe E;'H tinu:rted 1nrerage cx·evr B:i. ze 22 <end tho os

1 2 drJ;ff:l r end each crcwnwmbor is

and

Y aJJ o . oo

cl:l tu:c,e��J

·Uon

on

no t

''bon

240

0

0

(

uo o f

( iv)

for 'i 971 . \1:1. th v.n

·t;ho yoar 1 971 is

it

vaJ. ue of

o:nl y

·Lion of

bl e .

do

o :t'

aru1urn.

01 on1;y

o:e

1 1 9 � 107 f 1 1 2 , and '1 30

are appro

t;o 8

$ 000 .

No fJ

an.d

woul :rw t

o f

ifJ 1'!.0 t :i.ll

i�J l l.

of 1

the

. 'l an c.

of

Un-til

o f

. such.

t:Lon we.E:J to

d :no t b o c:ri

es ::tn

-tend to dotrao t from

tu.do11

in

o n

of

to do �:to

f ,, lrut for

woul d he.vo

new on

an.d tu:t•e

c an bo made . Al

on

:i.nd.un

s tn.

A

conaumed.

( El.DC: O congunrp

no t util

0

:.in

f :fo:r �meh

and :from

to

It is

:rw t be

of 1

tl:n:d; for

' . ( " ·1aon an.o 8J>

one o f

c;,ll

and fi.1 El:t'v.iees are

aml vri th:Ln tho St;ato ) �

food DXl.d accommoclation) ,

m:.L y

ho ·l�ol £lXld mo :L but

and

(;';

It :t :.>

in

'Lion bo th v:un.

\tal uo l ies :tn. the

as rl. who1

o:f

of

to

be on 13h.ou1 d b<:J bo rn in.

On.

aro

m ade to

for t.he t:r.eve11 c r . �P h e

o f

t;

dEmte.nds of

t <::�!. 1

o f

DJJd.

tion

o f

tcm:c:i .. rJ t

wi th of

for

comm.on

on a mo 1:<� rcl:lalll <:;

by

A a1 I:;Jourco of

p1 aco a burdcm o n bo the or aJJ.d on

of by �L'abl e

( :u:L )

and ( v ) mo de the pos�dbl E>

o f

and hen.OE'J

coul d eJ.. �:o be :lnc o rp o r a:hed.�

to rs to the i�'l by purpose

of v:Ls:i. ·t. . '.Phc are p p r.;rmmJ.ell t

mo.y be brolcen up further� :t:or :ins to :eabl c� 1 •

of

vis:l tOI'"8 r) p

o f

CO'IJJ.. d

:i t

0

e is from

tl10U{�h da1:a coul d be

tour and

by way of the

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from tourism. " Vol . 1 3

0 '

9

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Pol Doll <:t:I'El and