Livestock Identification / Registration among the West ... · Questions restricted to FMD...

Livestock Identification / Registration

among the West Eurasia Countries

Results of a Survey

Abdul Baqi Mehraban

Livestock Development Officer

FAO-SEC

Objectives of the Survey:

To gain an insight of the Livestock Identification/registration

systems already in place among the West Eurasia Countries

To identify/prioritize areas of improvement

To identify possible areas of international/trans-boundary

cooperation between neighboring countries

Livestock Identification / Registration Survey

4th West Eurasian Annual Roadmap meeting 2-4 April 2013, Baku -Azerbaijan

A questionnaire distributed 3 weeks before the Baku meeting.

Almost all questions as YES/NO or tick-boxes.

Dully filled questionnaires received from 10 Countries

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran,

Iraq, Kazakhstan, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey

Many thanks to all who responded !!!!

Description of the Survey



Questions restricted to FMD susceptible species: cattle - sheep/goats - pigs



Description of the Survey

Questions covered 5 main areas :

•Livestock Registration Systems (list of all the holdings, or farms or villages

keeping livestock at national level (for the entire country ) or at local level

•Livestock identification systems: (systems for marking animals individually in

order to identify them)

•Movement Tracing: (movements of animals inside the country but also between

countries)

•Movements of animals in case of FMD

General remark :

Replies were more relevant for Cattle and Sheep - Goats , less for Pigs (in half of the

replies there were either no pig replies or a comment for a very small pig population).

Results: (1) What are the most common husbandry system(s) for cattle ?



20.00%

40.00%

30.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1.1) Nomadic herds and ones that make

seasonal movements

(1.2) Animals grazing mostly outdoors – no seasonal movements

(1.3) Animals kept mostly indoors no

seasonal movements

(1.4) Industrial holdings - intensive

rearing

Results: (1) What are the most common husbandry system(s) for sheep/goats ?



80.00%

10.00%

0.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1.1) Nomadic herds and ones that make

seasonal movements

(1.2) Animals grazing mostly outdoors – no seasonal movements

(1.3) Animals kept mostly indoors no

seasonal movements

(1.4) Industrial holdings - intensive

rearing

RESULTS: LIVESTOCK REGISTRATION SYSTEMS – National lists of livestock

(2) Is there a national list of holdings, or farms or villages keeping livestock ?



100.00% 90.00%

30.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Cattle (2) Sheep/Goats (3) Pigs

(2)

(1) Cattle

(2) Sheep/Goats

(3) Pigs

70.00%

80.00% 80.00%

30.00%

70.00% 70.00%

80.00%

30.00%

20.00%

30.00% 30.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(2.2) List of livestock owners

(2.3) List of farms

(premises)

(2.4) List of villages keeping

livestock

(2.5) List of herds


(2.3) List of farms(premises)


livestock

(2.5) List of herds


(2.3) List of farms(premises)


livestock

(2.5) List of herds

Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs


(2.2-2.5) What is the Information included in the national list ?

80.00%

30.00%

0.00%

20.00%

70.00%

20.00%

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

10.00%

0.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(3.1) National

Veterinary Authorities

(3.2) National

Authorities other than

the Veterinary Authorities

(3.3) National Farmers’

associations

(3.4) Other (3.1) National


(3.2) National




associations

(3.4) Other (3.1) National


(3.2) National




associations

(3.4) Other

(3)


(3) Who is responsible to keep and update the national list?

Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs


(3.5) How often is the national list updated ?

12 12 12

36

6

1

12

1

6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40 (1) Cattle

Months


(3.5) How often is the national list updated ?

12 12

36

6

1

12

1

6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

(2) Sheep/Goats

Months

SUMMARY ON LIVESTOCK REGISTRATION SYSTEMS



Husbandry systems • Cattle , kept indoors / grazing outdoors are rarely subject to seasonal

movements.

• In small ruminants the majority of countries reported nomadic systems/seasonal movements as the most likely practices .

• Pigs , an apparently less significant population, are either kept indoors or make part of a few industrial holdings in some countries.




All countries have national lists of cattle and sheep goats(9/10),

but only a few for pigs (3/10)

The National Lists of cattle and small ruminants : •usually include lists of owners, farms and villages •60% of the countries they are electronic •They are usually filled by the National Veterinary Authorities of each country •in most cases updated once per year (in some countries every 1-6 months or up to 36 months)




Most countries (80%) also keep Local Lists of cattle /small ruminants:

•Almost same information like the relevant national lists •Kept by the Local Veterinary or other Authorities •Updated with the same frequency with National Lists

RESULTS: LIVESTOCK IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS

(6.1-6.2) Do they apply- are they mandatory?

50.00%

10.00%

0.00% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Cattle (2) Sheep/Goats (3) Pigs 6.1

(6.1) Identification

systems are present


(6.1-6.2) Do they apply- are they mandatory?

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Cattle (2) Sheep/Goats (3) Pigs 6.2)

(6.1) Identification systems

are mandatory


(6.3) Estimated percentages of farm animals that bear some individual identification

0.5

4

75

10

100

10

95

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Cattle (replies from 7 countries)


(6.3) Estimated percentages of farm animals that bear some individual identification

0.5

100

10

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Sheep/Goats

(replies from 4 countries)


(6.4) What are the common methods used for individual animal identification ?

Cattle 100.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Ear tag (2) Tattoo (3) Electronic bolus (4) Branding (5) Other

(6.4)


(6.4) What are the common methods used for individual animal identification ?

40.00%

20.00%

0.00% 0.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Ear tag (2) Tattoo (3) Electronic bolus (4) Branding (5) Other

(6.4)

Sheep/Goats


(6.6) The animal identification records, are they paper based or electronic ?



Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs

80.00%

30.00% 30.00%

20.00% 20.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Paper Based Electronic Paper Based Electronic Paper Based Electronic

(6.6)


(6.7) Who fills the animal identification records ?



Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs

80.00%

20.00%

30.00%

10.00%

40.00%

20.00% 20.00%

0.00%

20.00%

0.00%

10.00%

0.00% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Government veterinarian

(2) Private veterinarian

(3) Farmer (4)Other (1) Government veterinarian


(3) Farmer (4)Other (1) Government veterinarian


(3) Farmer (4)Other

(6.7)



SUMMARY ON LIVESTOCK IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS

Practically present only for cattle, in half the countries (mandatory only in 3 countries).

In 1-2 countries reported for small ruminants and pigs too. In most countries, where cattle identification is present, it is estimated

that 10% or less of the cattle bear individual identification (mostly ear tags).

A couple of countries however reported high levels (above 90%) of individual identification among all ruminants.

Records of livestock identification are mostly paper based (some electronic records reported too) and usually filled by Government Veterinarians .

RESULTS: MOVEMENT TRACING – Inside the country

(7.1) Do livestock animals need some kind of authorization prior to movement inside the

country ?



90.00%

80.00%

40.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Cattle (2) Sheep/Goats (3) Pigs (7.1)

Authorisation is

required prior to

movement


(7.2) What kind of authorization is needed for movements of animals inside the country ?



60.00%

80.00%

20.00%

60.00%

70.00%

20.00%

40.00%

50.00%

10.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Movement permit

Health certificate

Other Movement permit

Health certificate

Other Movement permit

Health certificate

Other

(7.2)

Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs


(7.3) Are there any records of animal movements ?



Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs

50.00%

30.00% 30.00%

40.00%

30.00% 30.00%

40.00%

10.00%

20.00%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

YES paper YES electronic

NO YES paper YES electronic

NO YES paper YES electronic

NO

(7.3)


(7.4) Who authorizes animal movements within the country ?



Cattle

Sheep/Goats

Pigs

90.00%

10.00%

0.00%

90.00%

10.00%

0.00%

60.00%

10.00%

0.00% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(1) Veterinary Authorities

(2) Police (3) Other (1) Veterinary Authorities

(2) Police (3) Other (1) Veterinary Authorities

(2) Police (3) Other

(7.4)

RESULTS: MOVEMENT TRACING – International (to and from other countries)



100.00%

10.00% 10.00%

0.00% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(2) Customs (3) Police (4) Other

(8.3) What is the competent authority responsible to authorize import and export of live animals to other countries ?

RESULTS: MOVEMENT TRACING – Border Controls



80.00%

30.00%

20.00%

0.00% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(2) Customs (3) Police (4) Other

(8.5) What are the COMPETENT AUTHORITIES responsible for official border controls of live

animals ? (imported or exported)

Country No of Border

Inspection Posts

Afghanistan 9

Armenia 9

Azerbaijan 11

Georgia 13

Iran 41

Iraq 14

Kazakhstan 34

Syria 23

Tajikistan 17

Turkey 8



SUMMARY ON MOVEMENT CONTROLS WITHIN EACH COUNTRY

In the majority of countries (80-90%) movements of Cattle and Sheep/Goats are subject to authorisation (health certificate ±movement permit) granted mostly by the Veterinary Authorities.

In pigs some movement control reported too (authorisation required in 40% of the countries) .

Livestock movement records reported to exist in 7/10 countries (paper or electronic) .



SUMMARY ON MOVEMENT CONTROLS WITHIN EACH COUNTRY

Official controls to detect unauthorised livestock movements are carried out

jointly by the Veterinary Authorities and the Police.

Half or more of the countries reported that UNAUTHORISED movements of ruminants/pigs may occur sometimes.



SUMMARY ON MOVEMENT TRACING BETWEEN COUNTRIES

(IMPORTS – EXPORTS)

In all countries Imports – Exports of live animals are authorised by the Veterinary Authorities

In most cases border controls are carried out by the Veterinary Authorities and/or Customs, sometimes assisted by the Police.

Unauthorised IMPORTS of livestock were reported to occur (30%) or rarely while unauthorised EXPORTS less frequently, 20%-10%).

The number of Border Inspection Posts per country is usually around 10-15, although a couple of countries reported more than 20 or 30.



Livestock registration (owners, farms, villages) is in place to

some extent for cattle as well as small ruminants.

Individual animal identification is very low in most countries

and practically present only in cattle.

Situation may vary significantly between countries.

Movement restrictions in case of FMD may vary significantly

between countries, in some cases they do not even apply.

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS - REMARKS

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS - REMARKS



Most countries plan to improve their animal

movement control systems (particularly for

ruminants) both within their territory as well as for

exports/imports. If achieved this could greatly

contribute in FMD control in the area.

Introduction of electronic systems both in

Livestock Registration as well as in Livestock

Identification could help improve the situation.

The presence of nomadic sheep / goat populations

in many countries poses an extra challenge for FMD

control in West Eurasia.



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