Liver anatomy
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Transcript of Liver anatomy
The Liver
C.Masina
The Liver
• The largest internal body organ• Largest gland• Largest organ apart from skin• Weighs about 1.5kg• Found in the upper abdominal cavity: extends from
right upper quadrant to left upper quadrant of the abdomen
• Attached to diaphragm by falciform and coronary ligamentsLeft and right triangular ligaments
Functions
• Bile production and secretion• Detoxification • Storage of glycogen• Protein synthesis• Production of heparin and bile pigments• Erythropoiesis (in fetus)
Liver surfaces
• Divided into 2 anatomical regions:1.Diaphragmatic surface:Smooth and dome-shaped surfaceAnterior liver partInferior to diaphragmSeparated from diaphragm by subphrenic recess
and from posterior organs {kidney and suprarenal glands} by hepatorenal recess
Covered by peritoneum except
1.Diaphragmatic surface
2. Visceral surface
Covered by visceral peritoneum except porta hepatis and gall bladder bed.
• The visceral surface is related to: Right side of the stomach i.e. gastric and pyloric areas Superior part of the duodenum i.e. duodenal area Lesser omentum Gall bladder Right colic flexor and right transverse area ; colic area Right kidney and suprarenal gland; Renal area
Posterior liver view
Liver lobesRight and left lobeFunctionally independent i.e. each with own blood and nerve supply
Blood supply in by:Hepatic arteryPortal vein
Blood out through:Vein and biliary drainage
Liver lobes1.The Right lobeDemarcated by :
1. Gall bladder fossa
2. Inferior vena cava fossa
3. Imaginary line from fundus of gall bladder and inferior vena cava
Liver lobes2. Left lobe
Divided into:Medial and lateral segments
1.Medial superior – caudate lobe
2.Medial inferior - quadrate lobe
2. Left lobe cont… The lateral segment
is separated from the medial segments by:
On visceral surface: 1. fissure of
ligamentum teres (round ligament)
2. fissure of ligamentum venosum
On diaphragmatic surface:
1. Attachment of falciform ligament
Visceral surface 1. The round ligament(ligamentum
teres) – obliterated umbilical vein 2. The ligamentum venosum – fibrous
remnant of fetal ductus vein3. The Porta hepatis (hepatic potal;
portal fissure) - transverse fissure on the visceral surface of the liver.– It gives passage to the:
1. Portal vein2. Hepatic artery 3. Hepatic nerve plexus4. Hepatic ducts5. Lymphatic vessels
Peritoneal relations of the LiverThe Lesser omentum • Encloses the portal triad (bile duct, hepatic artery and portal vein
)• Passes from the liver to lesser curvature of the stomach + 2 cm of
duodenum• Thick free edge -- hepatoduodenal ligament• Sheet like remainder – hepatogastric ligament
To be continued ….
• To be continued………………..
• To be continued………………..