PAGE 3

1. ------IND- 2010 0564 LT- EN- ------ 20100909 --- --- PROJET

FIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENT UNDER THE MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR

DIRECTOR

ORDER ON THE APPROVAL OF KEY REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE PREVENTION...... August 2010 No ...................

Vilnius

Pursuant to Article 7(3) of the Law on Fire Prevention of the Republic of Lithuania (Official Gazette, 2002, No 123-5518, 2010, No 1-30), and Paragraph 5 of 9 April 2008 Decision No 341, On the Assignation to State Institutions of Competencies of Determining Key Requirements and Technical Parameters of Buildings with Regard to Construction or Construction Product Specification Levels and Classes, of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Official Gazette, 2008, No 46-1730), I hereby:

1. Approve the Key Requirements of Fire Prevention (enclosed) and

2. Determine the Order to be effective from 1 January 2011.

Director

General of the Internal Service Remigijus Baniulis

KEY REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE PREVENTION

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. Key Requirements of Fire Prevention (hereinafter - the Regulations) set forth the principal rules of fire safety. The Regulations have been drawn up pursuant to the Law on Construction [11.1] and technical regulation on building STR 2.01.01(2):1999 [11.2].

2. The Regulations have been drawn up in accordance with the requirements of Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 June 1998 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations.

3. Any commodity imported from a Member State of the European Communities, a member country of the European Free Trade Association or a signatory to the European Economic Area Agreement can be supplied to the Lithuanian market without restriction provided it is legally produced in a member state of the European Union or a member country of EFTA or legally imported to such state from a third country, and is permitted for marketing in the recipient country. Restrictions on the free movement of commodities can be justified when an equal level of protection for various legitimate interests is not ensured.

4. The Regulations are mandatory for all the participants of the construction process, public administration entities, as well as other legal entities and natural persons whose activities are subject to the Law on Construction of the Republic of Lithuania.

5. The Regulations lay down the key requirements of fire safety of buildings. Other requirements of building fire safety and engineering buildings are provided in legal instruments defining the essential building requirements (a single, a few or all) and technical parameters of buildings on the basis of the level and classes of specification of structures or construction products.

6. The precautions of fire safety used for the preparation of the design of a new structure, reconstruction of an existing structure or major repairs, as well as the use of structures shall be compliant with the essential requirement of structure fire safety throughout the lifetime of the building [11.2].

7. The compliance of the design concepts with the essential requirement of structural fire safety may be analysed by employing the calculations of fire engineering or fire risk when drawing up the design of a new building, reconstruction of an existing building or major repairs.

8. The Regulations define the specifications of construction products (materials, products, systems, sets) in accordance with the principle of their end-use in the structure, characteristic of the maintenance (or close to maintenance) conditions.

9. The structure design concepts incompliant with the requirements of the Regulations herein may be commissioned following the statutory procedure by allowing technical measures for the compensation of shortfalls. In such cases, the compliance of the design concepts with the essential requirement of building fire safety shall be assessed on the basis of calculations of fire engineering or fire risk. Standard values to be used for these calculations are provided in Annex 6 hereto.

10. The requirements of these Regulations shall apply to:

10.1. the design and building of new civil structures,10.2. reconstructed and repaired sections of structures, and

10.3. the change of the designated use of structures or their sections.II. REFERENCES

11. The Regulations herein contain references to the following instruments:

11.1. Law on Construction of the Republic of Lithuania (Official Gazette, 1996, No 32-788; 2001, No 101-3597)

11.2. Technical regulation on building STR 2.01.01(2):1999 Essential Building Requirements. Fire Safety. (Official Gazette, 2000, No 17-424)

11.3. Technical regulation on building STR 2.02.02:2004 Public Structures (Official Gazette, 2004, No 54-1851)

11.4. Technical regulation on building STR 2.01.02:2004 Residential Buildings (Official Gazette, 2004, No 23-721)

11.5. Technical regulation on building STR 2.09.02:2005 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (Official Gazette, 2005, No 75-2729)

11.6. Technical regulation on building STR 2.08.01:2004 Gas System in Buildings (Official Gazette, 2004, No 21-653)

11.7. Technical regulation on building STR 1.01.09:2003 Structure Classification in Terms of their Designation (Official Gazette, 2003, No 582611)

11.8. Technical regulation on building STR 2.06.01:1999 Transport Systems of Cities, Towns and Settlements (Official Gazette, 1999, No 27-773)

11.9. Technical regulation on building STR 2.03.01:2001 Structures and Territories. Requirements for the Needs of the Handicapped People (Official Gazette, 2001, No 53-1898)

11.10. 22 February 2007 Order No 1-66 of the Director of Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior, On the Approval of the Documentation of Safety Regulations for Buildings (Official Gazette, 2007, No 25-953; 2009, No 63-2538)

11.11. Fire Safety Regulations for Residential Buildings approved by ..... ..................... ....... Order No ............. of the Director of the Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior

11.12. Fire Safety Regulations for Public Buildings approved by ..... ..................... ....... Order No ............. of the Director of the Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior

11.13. General Fire Safety Regulations approved by 18 February 2005 Order No of the Director of Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior (Official Gazette, 2005, No 26-852)

11.14. Regulations of Technical Commission of Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior approved by 18 August 2008 Order No 1-271, On the Formation of the Technical Commission of the Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior, of the Director of Fire and Rescue Department under the Ministry of the Interior, (Official Gazette, 2008, No 96-3752)

12. In the event that an amendment is made to any of the aforementioned legal instruments, the current edition of the legal instrument shall apply.

III. MAIN TERMS

13. Terms and their definitions used in the Regulations correspond with the terms and definitions used in the Law on Construction [11.1] and the standards STR2.01.01(2):1999 [11.2], LST EN ISO 13943 and LST EN 13501.

IV. FIRE CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS, BUILDING STRUCTURES, AND BUILDINGS14. Classes of flammability and fire resistance of construction products shall be determined by testing in accordance with standards of the LST EN 13501 series, calculations, and standards referred to in Paragraph 14 and Annex 9 of the Regulations.

15. The impact of fire on interconnected element combinations, designed for bearing the expected load and ensuring the stability of a building (hereinafter the Structures), shall be estimated in accordance with standards of the LSTEN1991-1-2 series. The design of fire safety of structures and the estimation of fire reaction shall be conducted following the regulations of the below standard series:

15.1. LST EN 1992-1-2 for reinforced concrete structures;15.2. LST EN 1993-1-2 for steel structures;15.3. LST EN 1994-1-2 for complex steel and concrete structures;15.4. LST EN 1995-1-2 for wooden structures;15.5. LST EN 1996-1-2 for stone structures.16. Fireman lifts to be used by fire-fighters and for transporting fire-extinguishing and rescue equipment shall be designed following the Regulations herein and regulations of standards of the LST EN 81 series.

17. Electrical cables shall be classified in terms of combustibility in accordance with Annex 7 hereto into the following classes: Aca, B1ca, B2ca, Cca, Dca, Eca, Fca.

18. Construction products (except for floor covering, pipe insulation and electrical cables) shall be classified in accordance with the LST EN 13501 standard of in the classes below: in terms of fire type: A1, A2, B, C, D, E, F; in terms of smoke production: s1, s2, s3; in terms of production of flaming particles and/or particles: d0, d1, d2. 19. The list of construction products that need not undergo extra testing for rating their flammability is provided in Annex 9 of the Regulations.

20. Floor coverings shall be classified in accordance with the standard of the LST EN 13501 series into the below classes: in terms of fire type: A1FL, A2FL; BFL, CFL, DFL, EFL, FFL, in terms of smoke production: s1 and s2.

21. Pipe insulation shall be classified in accordance with the LST EN 13501 standard in the classes below: In terms of fire type: A1L, A2L; BL, CL, DL, EL, FL, whereas in terms of smoke production: s1, s2, s3 and in terms of the production of flaming particles and/or particles: d0, d1, d2.

22. Roofs and their coverings shall be classified in terms of combustibility at the time of external fire in accordance with the LST EN 13501 standard in: BROOF (t1) and FROOF (t1).

23. Pursuant to the LST EN 13501 standard , the fire resistance of building structure elements defines the capacity of building structure elements to bear, for a certain period of time, load (R), tightness (E), insulation properties (I, I1, I2), radiation, when the insulation properties of the construction product depend on the heat transmitted via radiation (W), resistance to mechanical impact when specific mechanical impact (M) is analysed, for doors (flaps, etc.) with self-closing mechanisms (C), limitation of the spread of smoke for structural elements designed for limiting the spread of smoke (Sa and Sm).

24. Pursuant to the LSTEN13773 standard, in terms of combustibility, textile and textile products (curtains, tapestry, blinds), it shall be divided into the following classes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

25. Pursuant to Annex 8 hereto, hard/powdery materials and products not classified as either hazardous materials or construction products shall be classified in terms of combustibility into the following classes: non-combustible, limited combustibility and combustible.

26. Hazardous materials shall be classified pursuant to the Law on Chemical Substances and Preparations of the Republic of Lithuania (Official Gazette, 2000, No36-987; 2008, No76-3000) and 19 December 2000 Order No 532/742, On the Procedure of Classification and Labelling of Hazardous Chemical Substances and Preparations, issued by the Ministers of Health and Environment of the Republic of Lithuania, (Official Gazette, 2001, No16-509).

27. Seats in cinemas, theatres, auditoria, halls, as well as rooms occupied by over 50 people at any given time shall comply with the requirements of the LST EN 1021-1 and LST EN 1021-2standards.28. Smoke barriers shall be classified in accordance with the standard of LST EN 12101 series into the classes below: D, DH.

V. STRUCTURE GROUPS

29. The elevation of the floor of the topmost storey (including the attic) of any building (hereinafter - the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey) is measured from the lowest elevation of the driveway surface of fire apparatus, or - in case the equipment of the driveway for fire apparatus is not obligatory - from the lowest elevation of placing portable fire ladders (hereinafter - the ground surface elevation).30. Structures shall be divided into groups defined in Annex 3 hereto. Annex 10 of the Regulations lists the requirements for the application of classes of structure functional groups and structure fire hazards, types of fire barriers and fire lock rooms, degrees of structure fire resistance and flammability classes of construction products, defined in the effective legal instruments but not applied in the Regulations. 31. The Regulations classify high-rising structures into:31.1. tall structures (hereinafter - the TS) with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 26.5 metres, and

31.2. very tall structures (hereinafter - the VTS) with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 54 metres.

32. In terms of explosion and fire risk, structures and premises used for transport, garage, production, industry, warehousing, auxiliary service, and other designations (P.2.6, P.2.7, P.2.8, P2.17, P.2.18, P.2.19) shall be classified; with regard to the quantities of materials kept inside them, properties of explosive and hazardous materials and specifics of technological processes shall be classified into categories Asg, Bsg, Cg, Dg, Eg (Annex 1), while external facilities into categories Asgi, Bsgi, Cgi, Dgi, Egi (Annex 2).

VI. FIRE LOAD

33. Fire load shall be determined following the LST EN 1991-1-2 standards by assessing and calculating the potential amount of heat emitted once all materials (including elements of building structures and their finish) in the area of a building, room or a group of rooms, separated from other sections of the building by the walls and floors of a defined fire-resistance rating (Table 2), preventing the spread of fire for a certain period of time (hereinafter - the fire section), have burnt.

34. If the estimated fire load of a fire section exceeds the fire load determined for the building, then the load shall be assessed for each fire section individually. This condition shall be taken into account in the design of elements of building structures outside the fire section.

35. For an estimation of a fire spread scenario (progress), the planning and structural concepts of the structure (or its section), and flammability properties of construction products (structure elements) affecting fire load shall be assessed.

36. Fire load must be calculated for structures with fire-resistance rating I as well as in other cases specified in legal instruments [11.10, 11.11, 11.12]. In the case that fire load is not calculated, a building is deemed to be of fire load category 1.

37. Fire load categories with regard to fire load density are provided in Table 1.

Fire Load CategoriesTable 1 Fire Load CategoryFire Load Density (MJ/sq. m)

1over 1200

2from 600 to 1200

3up to 600

38. Locally concentrated fire loads in a fire section must be considered during the design stage. The fire load category of a fire section shall be determined in accordance with the highest fire load category within the fire section. This paragraph shall not apply to premises with a total area of up to 200 square metres.

VII. FIRE PREVENTION

39. The following general requirements apply to fire prevention:

39.1. buildings shall be designed, built, equipped, and used so as to reduce the risk of fire to a minimum; external fire risk shall be considered during the design, construction, and use of buildings;,39.2. engineering systems of a building shall be designed and installed so as to be safely used and to prevent fire;

39.3. fireplaces, ovens, their chimneys, and heating devices shall be positioned, built, and installed so as to prevent the risk of fire or explosion during their use.

40. Other requirements of fire prevention are provided in the General Regulations of Fire Safety [11.13].

VIII. FIRE-RESISTANCE RATINGs OF BUILDINGS AND FIRE SECTIONS

41. With regard to the characteristic fire load categories and fire-resistance of structure elements used in construction, buildings and fire sections are classified into buildings and fire sections with fire-resistance ratings I, II, and III (Table 2).

Fire-resistance Ratings of Buildings and Fire SectionsTable 2Fire-resistance rating of a structureFire Load CategoryMinimum fire-resistance of structure elements of a building or fire section (with fire separation/protection function)

Fire section separation walls and floorsLoad-bearing structuresNon load-bearing wallsExterior wallFloors of storeys, attic and cellarRoofsStairways

Interior wallsStair flights and landings

I1REI 180(1)R 120(1)EI 30EI 30

(oi)(3)REI 90(1)RE 30(4)REI 120R 60(5)

2REI 120(1)R 90(1)EI 15EI 15

(oi)(3)REI 60(1)RE 20(4)REI 90R 60(5)

3REI 90(1)R 60(2)EI 15EI 15

(oi)(3)REI 45(1)RE 20(4)REI 60R 45(5)

IIRNREI 60(1)R 45(2)EI 15EI 15

(oi)(3)REI 15(2)RE 20(4)REI 30R 15(5)

IIIRNREI 30(1)RN

(1) construction products of minimum fire-resistance rating A2-s3,d2 shall be used for building structures;(2) construction products of minimum fire-resistance rating B-s3,d2 shall be used for building structures;(3) exterior walls are not subject to fire-resistance requirements when: 1) the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey does not exceed 6 m;2) the exterior walls and floors complying with the requirements of Table 2 are built following the requirements in Figure 1 (the height of inter-floor wall A and/or B may be determined in accordance with the standard of the LSTEN1991-1-2 series applying a maximum permitted flame temperature of 160oC at the higher window of the floor);3) stationary fire-extinguishing system is installed in the entire building;(4) roofs of one-storey buildings that can accommodate fewer than 100 people at a time are not subject to fire-resistance requirements, except in cases provided for in legal instruments. Construction products of minimum fire-resistance rating B-s3,d2 shall be used for building roof-bearing structures (joists, laths);(5) does not apply to stair flights and landings separated from other premises of the building by interior firewalls and opening fills of defined fire-resistance meeting the requirements of Table 3;

RN requirements not applicable.

SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT

Figure 1. Requirements for limitation of vertical fire spread: A minimal dimensions of inter-floor walls meeting the requirements of Table 2; B - minimal dimensions of intermediate floors meeting the requirements of Table 2

42. Fire-resistance requirements for VTS structures shall be defined in accordance with fire load category 1, while for TS fire load category 1 or 2 with regard to calculated fire load of the building (fire section).

43. The height of buildings of fire-resistance rating I is not limited if the fire-resistance of bearing structures of the building ensures their mechanical resistance and stability during a fire without any intervention of state fire and rescue service teams after all materials and construction products have burnt.

44. Roofs are classified under BROOF (t1) flammability rating in cases defined in Annex 4 hereto.

45. Bearing structures of buildings ensuring overall mechanical resistance and stability at the time of fire include: elements (such as load-bearing walls, frameworks, pillars, beams, girders, trusses, arches, shear walls, floors, etc.), structures (structures consists of more than one element), and buildings (overall building structure).

46. Pursuant to Eurocodes, the fire-resistance of load-bearing structures of a building may be analysed in three levels of complexity: element, structure, and building. Results of calculations on a more complex level shall apply to lower complexity level structures, i.e. if fire-resistance calculations of building structure works or the overall building structure show that an element or a structure does not affect mechanical resistance and stability of the entire building or its structure, then fire-resistance requirements shall not apply to these elements or structures.

47. Bearing capacity R of load-bearing structures of the building roof and floors (joists, trusses, girders, etc.) may be deemed analogous to fire-resistance of the roof or the floor, if the calculations of the structure or the overall building confirm the compliance of the structure or building with the defined fire-resistance (Table 2).

48. Fire-resistance of opening (doors, gates, windows and trapdoors) fills shall not be subject to standards except for opening fills in fire barriers (Table 3) and in cases provided for in legal instruments (for example, buildings connected at angles).

49. In the case of installation of structural building systems with unknown fire-resistance and/or flammability rating, these properties shall be determined by fire testing or calculations of structure (building) fragments in accordance with the standards of the LSTEN1991-1-2 series.

50. When selecting the dimensions of fire sections of a building or their group, and between buildings, the fire-resistance rating of the building, building designation, number of users, density of fire load, as well as efficiency of fire safety and rescue means, the location and technical capacities of state fire safety and rescue service shall be taken into account.

IX. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LIMITATION OF SPREAD OF FIRE

51. Spread of fire in buildings is limited by measures reducing burning area, fire intensity and duration. These include:

51.1. use of fire barriers preventing the production of hazardous fire factors and spread in the room, between rooms, groups of rooms, floors and fire sections of different fire hazards (designation) and buildings;51.2. limitation of construction products with flammability ratings Bs1, d0 or lower in the construction of structure works;51.3. reduction of explosion and fire risk in technological equipment in buildings, structures, and rooms;51.4. provision of fire extinguishers, including stationary and portable ones;51.5. effective use of stationary fire extinguishing systems in the case of timely alert by fire detection and alarm systems [11.10] and fire warning and evacuation control systems; and

51.6. use of systems for smoke elimination from premises.

X. LIMITATION OF SPREAD OF FIRE IN FIRE SECTIONS

52. Buildings shall be divided into fire sections in order to limit the spread of fire and hazardous fire factors, ensure safe evacuation of people from the building on fire, facilitate rescue and fire-extinguishing actions of fire-fighters, and reduce fire damage. The maximum area of fire section Fg is determined in accordance with Annex 3 hereto. The area of a fire section is the maximum area of a structure floor separated by walls and floors of defined resistance. If the building contains meeting inter-floor areas (atriums, openings, stairs of type 2, etc.), the areas of meeting floors shall be summed up when determining the maximum area of a fire section in the building.

53. In the case the building contains rooms of different designations or hazardous rooms in terms of explosion and fire, the lowest values of parameters (relative area of fire section (Fs) and estimated elevation Habs) provided in Annex 3 hereto shall be used for determining the area of a fire section. This paragraph shall not apply to premises with a total area of up to 200 square metres.

54. Premises in which combustible gas is used shall be equipped in accordance with the standards of the STR 2.08.01:2000 series [11.6].

Xi. LIMITATION OF SPREAD OF FIRE FROM FIRE SECTION

55. Fire barriers are fire-resistance and flammability rated structures subdividing premises in terms of their designation, fire load density, and fire-resistance rating of the building. They are designed to limit the spread of fire and combustion products from the premises or fire section into other premises.

56. Fire barriers include walls, partitions, floors, and roofs. 57. Fire-resistance rating of fire barriers shall be established in accordance with fire-resistance of its structural elements:57.1. barrier section;57.2. structures ensuring fire barrier stability;57.3. structures supporting the fire barrier; and

57.4. fixing points.

58. Fire-resistance of capacity R of structures ensuring fire barrier stability and structures supporting the fire barrier and their fixing points may not be lower than the required fire-resistance of the barrier section of the fire barrier.

59. Recesses in the fire barriers (built-in panels for electricity, fire taps, heating collectors, etc.) may not reduce the fire-resistance of the fire barrier.

60. Fire-resistance of opening fills shall be selected in accordance with Table 3 with regard to fire-resistance and other criteria of a fire barrier (for example, if a fire barrier is rated EI 60, then the door shall be rated EW60C5, etc.).

Fire-resistance of Opening Fills in Fire BarriersTable 3 Fire-resistance of fire barrierDoors, gates, trapdoors (1) (2) (4)Sealants of openings and seamsDucts and shafts of engineering systemsFlaps and assemblies of conveyor systemWindows

15EW 20C5(3)EI 15EI 15EI2 15EW 20

20EW 20C5(3)EI 20EI 20EI2 20EW 20

30EW 30C5 (3)EI 30EI 30EI2 30EW 30

45EW 30C5 (3)EI 45EI 45EI2 30EW 30

60EW 60C5 (3)EI 60EI 60EI2 45EW 60

90E I2 60C5 (3)EI 90EI 90EI2 60EI2 60

120EI2 90C5EI 120EI 120EI2 90EI2 90

180EI2 90C5EI 180EI 180EI2 90EI2 90

240EI2 120C5EI 240EI 240EI2 120EI2 120

(1) C0 rating may apply to doors providing room for the evacuation of maximum 5 people;(2) C1 rating may apply to doors providing room for the evacuation of maximum 15 people;(3) doors or door assemblies are glazed;(4) only E rating can apply to the fire-resistanceof lift doors in buildings where a stationary fire-extinguishing system is in place.

61. A fire lock room is a room with a minimum of two doors or gates installed. The dimensions of the fire lock room must provide for unrestricted evacuation with opened doors or gates. Fire lock rooms can be of two types: those generating overpressure and those that do not generate overpressure at the time of fire. With regard to fire-resistance of the fire lock room, its partitions and floors shall be fire retardant (Table 4).

Types of fire barriers with regard to fire lock rooms equipped in fire barrier openingsTable 4 Fire-resistance of fire lock roomMinimum type of elements of structure works of fire lock room:

partitionsfloors

EI 45EI 45REI 45

EI 15EI 15REI 15

62. Partitions subdividing buildings into fire sections and meeting requirements specified in Table 2 shall be installed in accordance with the requirements provided in Figure 1. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply if the stationary fire-extinguishing system is installed in the building.

63. Walls subdividing buildings into fire sections and meeting requirements specified in Table 2 shall be installed in accordance with the requirements provided in Figure 2. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply if a stationary fire-extinguishing system is installed in the building.

a)

b)

Figure 2. Requirements for limitation of horizontal fire spread: A minimal dimensions of fire barrier meeting the requirements of Table 2 and/or roof meeting the requirements of flammability rating BROOF (t1) and fire-resistance rated REI60, or REI 30 in buildings of fire-resistance rating III; B - minimal distance of protrusion above the roof or wall by the fire barrier meeting the requirements of Table 2

64. Walls subdividing joined buildings of different height and width into fire sections and meeting requirements specified in Table 2 shall be installed in accordance with the requirements provided in Figure 3. Fire-resistance of windows, doors, and gates in a fire barrier shall be selected in accordance with the requirements of Table 3.

a)b)

Figure 3. Requirements for limitation of horizontal and vertical spread of fire applicable to joined buildings: a) layout of buildings in the plan, b) section of joined buildings. Ast - minimal dimension of roof meeting the requirements of fire-resistance rating REI60 and flammability rating BROOF (t1) B minimal distance between walls meeting the requirements or between a wall and a roof; A, C minimal dimensions of a wall separating fire sections and meeting requirements specified in Table 2

65. Openings of fire barriers shall be closed during a fire. Doors, gates, trapdoors, and bolts that are operated opened shall have self-closing and/or automatic closing mechanisms in accordance with the requirements of Table 3.

66. The total area of openings in fire barriers, except for the partitions of lift shafts, specified in Table 3, shall not exceed 25 per cent of the fire barrier area. If fire-resistance of opening fills is the same or higher than that of the fire barrier, the area of openings in the fire barriers is not limited.

67. Fire lock rooms with fire-resistance rating EI 45 shall be equipped in fire barriers dividing premises rated Asg or Bsg with regard to explosion and fire risk from premises, corridors, stairways, and lift landings of another rating. Additional air pressure shall be generated in the said fire lock rooms during fire.

68. A water curtain shall be equipped in fire barrier openings that may not be closed by fire doors (gates) and used for moving between adjacent premises rated Cg, Dg or Eg with regard to explosion and fire risk. A water curtain is equipped using drenchers installed on both sides of the opening. The total intensity of water supply shall be a minimum of 1 l/s for a linear metre. Operation time of the curtain may not be shorter than the defined period of fire-resistance of the opening fills.

69. The fire-resistance rating of enclosure structures (except those equipped on the roof) of lift shafts (except for open lifts) and lift machinery sections, as well as ducts, shafts, and recesses used for communications shall be a minimum of EI 45 in regard to fire safety partitions and a minimum of REI 45 for fire safety floors.

70. The fire-resistance rating of doors of lifts equipped in enclosure structures of lift shafts shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of Table 3. Where there is no possibility to equip fire safety lift doors, an exit from the lift to a fire lock room rated EI45 shall be equipped.

71. Extra overpressure of 20-50 Pa shall be generated in lift shafts or fire lock rooms next to the lift entrance in buildings with smoke-proof stairways [11.5].

72. Refuse chutes and hatches shall be made of construction products with a minimum flammability rating of A2s3, d0.

73. In case of premises rated Cg with regard to explosion and fire risk located in basement and semi-basement floors and equipped with a direct access to the lift, fire lock rooms of fire-resistance rating EI 45 shall be equipped before the lifts and generate extra pressure at the time of fire.

74. Emergency exits to the ground floor from the lobby, cloakrooms, smoking rooms or sanitary fitting located in the basement or semi-basement may be equipped without a fire lock room.

75. Atriums, openings, and stairs of type 2 equipped in buildings shall be separated from adjoining corridors and other premises by fire barriers or fireproof partitions of fire-resistance rating EI 45 and floors of fire-resistance defined in Table 2. These premises may be left unseparated when:

75.1. the stationary fire-extinguishing system is installed in fire section [11.10];75.2. the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey of the fire section does not exceed 6 metres and the area of any floor in the fire section does not exceed 300 sq. metres.

76. If any ducts, shafts, and pipelines for transportation of combustible gas, dust, mixes of dust and air, liquids, and other materials pass via fire barriers or connect fire sections, they shall be equipped with automatic equipment stopping the spread of combustion products via ducts, shafts, and pipelines, while bolts shall not reduce fire-resistance requirements applicable to these structures.

77. Structure points passed by cables, air pipes and pipelines may not reduce fire-resistance requirements applicable to the very structure. Openings in fire barriers designed for installing engineering communications shall be sealed with fireproof penetration sealant systems in accordance with the requirements of Table 3. Every engineering communication (cables, air pipes, pipelines) shall be sealed using sealing systems specially designed for these engineering communications.

XiI. LIMITATION OF SPREAD OF FIRE BY USE OF BUILDING STRUCTURE ELEMENTS

78. Construction products used for building structures and/or finish may not increase the fire hazard of the building.

79. Construction products used for building interior walls, ceilings, and floors shall meet the requirements specified in Table 5.

80. Construction products with a lower flammability rating than Bs1, d0 may not be used for the external finish of exterior walls of buildings of fire-resistance rating I.

81. For P2P3 group buildings of fire-resistance rating I with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 17 m (except for kindergartens, nurseries and sleeping blocks of hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes) and P1 group buildings of fire-resistance rating I with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 26.5 m (except for residential buildings designed for different social groups, such as childrens homes, asylums, care homes, etc.), constructions products with flammability rating Cs2,d1 may be used for exterior wall finish fragments, if these constitute up to 30 per cent of the total area of each individual exterior wall (faade), and constructions products with flammability rating Ds2, d2, if these constitute up to 15 per cent of the total area of each individual exterior wall (faade).

82. For P2P3 group buildings of fire-resistance rating I with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 17 m (except for kindergartens, nurseries and sleeping blocks of hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes) and P1 group buildings of fire-resistance rating I with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 26.5 m (except for residential buildings designed for different social groups, such as children's homes, asylums, care homes, etc.), construction products with flammability rating Ds2, d2 may be used for exterior wall (faade) insulation by putting a minimum 6 mm (and 10 mm at reveals) layer of coating with a flammability rating of at least A1 on them.

83. The use of construction products with a flammability rating lower than Ds2, d1 for the finish and external insulation of exterior walls of buildings of fire-resistance rating II, including double (ventilated) faades, shall be prohibited.

Flammability ratings of construction products used for building interior walls, ceilings, and floors

Table 5PremisesStructuresFire-resistance Rating of Buildings and Fire Sections

IIIIII

Flammability ratings of construction products

Emergency escape routes (corridors, stairways, other premises, etc.) assessed beyond the emergency exit from the premises when up to 15 people use them for evacuationwalls and ceilingsCs1,d0RNRN

floorsDFLs1RNRN

Emergency escape routes (corridors, stairways, other premises, etc.) assessed beyond the emergency exit from the premises when 15 to 50 people use them for evacuationwalls and ceilingsBs1,d0(2)Cs1, d0RN

floorsBFLs1DFLs1RN

Emergency escape routes (corridors, stairways, other premises, etc.) assessed beyond the emergency exit from the premises when 50 or more people use them for evacuationwalls and ceilingsA2s1,d0(3)Bs1, d0(2)Cs1,d0

floorsA2FLs1BFLs1CFLs1

Premises that can accommodate up to 15 peoplewalls and ceilingsCs1, d0Ds2, d2(1)RN

floorsDFLs1RNRN

Premises that can accommodate 15 to 50 peoplewalls and ceilingsBs1,d0(2)Cs1,d0RN

floorsBFLs1DFLs1RN

Premises that can accommodate 50 to 600 peoplewalls and ceilingsA2s1,d0(3)Bs1,d0(2)Cs1,d0

floorsA2FLs1BFLs1CFLs1

Premises that can accommodate 600 or more peoplewalls and ceilingsA2s1,d0Bs1,d0Bs1,d0

floorsA2FLs1BFLs1BFLs1

Kindergartens, nurseries, hospitals, clinics, polyclinics, sanatoria, rehabilitation centres, health care facilities of special institutions, buildings of spas, nursing homes of medical care institutionswalls and ceilingsA2s1,d0A2s1,d0(3)Bs1,d0(2)

floorsA2FLs1A2FLs1BFLs1

Residential premiseswalls and ceilings Bs1,d0(2)RNRN

floorsRNRNRN

Technical recesses, shafts, as well as spaces above suspended ceiling or below double floor, etc.walls and ceilingsBs1,d0Ds2, d2RN

floorsA2FL s1DFLs1RN

Production and warehousing premises of categories Asg or Bsg walls and ceilingsA2s1,d0Bs1,d0Bs1,d0

floorsA2FLs1A2FLs1A2FLs1

Production and warehousing premises of categories Cg, Dg, Eg walls and ceilingsBs2,d2Ds2,d2Ds2,d2(1)

floorsDFLs1DFLs1

Basements and utilities roomswalls and ceilingsBs1,d0Bs1,d0Bs1,d0(1)

floorsDFLs1DFLs1DFLs1

floors of heating equipment roomsA2FLs1A2FLs1A2FLs1

Saunawalls and ceilingsDs2,d2Ds2,d2Ds2,d2(1)

floorsRNRNRN

(1) wall surfaces of up to 15 per cent of flat area of each individual surface may be coated with construction products that are not subject to any flammability requirements.

(2) wall surfaces of up to 30 per cent of flat area of each individual surface may be coated with construction products that are subject to flammability rating Ds2, d2.

(3) wall surfaces of up to 30 per cent of flat area of each individual surface may be coated with construction products that are subject to flammability rating Bs1, d0.

RN requirements not applicable.84. Flammability ratings of construction products used for equipping double (ventilated) faades of buildings of fire-resistance rating I shall be determined according to the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey:

84.1. construction products of minimum flammability rating A2-s2, d0 shall be used for tall and very tall structures;84.2. construction products of minimum flammability rating B-s2, d0 shall be used for tall and very tall structures.

85. Spread of fire may be limited by coating construction products of a lower flammability rating used for building structures (exterior and interior) with construction products of a lower fire hazard.

86. Structures shall be built so as to prevent the spread of fire and its products within the building structures.

87. Framework of double floors in premises accommodating more than 15 people at a time shall be made of construction products of minimum flammability rating A2s3,d2.

88. The fire-resistance rating of double floors on emergency escape routes made in buildings shall not be lower than: RE30 when 50 or more people use them for evacuation; R15 when 15 or more people use them for evacuation; fire-resistance rating is not defined when fewer than 15 people use them for evacuation.

89. In case the fire hazard of construction products is reduced by using either extra coating increasing fire-resistance or flammability rating, or flame retardant solutions, technical requirements of the coatings and flame retardant solutions shall specify the periodicity of their replacement or renewal with regard to maintenance conditions. These coatings and solutions may not be used in places that provide no access for their regular replacement or renewal.

90. Fire barriers subdividing premises with a suspended ceiling shall divide the room between the premises with a suspended ceiling and floor. No pipelines or ducts for transporting materials dangerous in regard to explosion or fire may be placed in the room above the suspended ceiling.

91. No suspended ceiling, double floor or recesses in the floor may be made in premises rated Asg and Bsg with regard to the explosion or fire risk.

XIIi. LIMITATION OF SPREAD OF FIRE INTO ADJACENT BUILDINGS

92. Spread of fire into adjacent buildings is limited by securing safe distances among the exterior walls of the buildings (hereinafter - the fire prevention distance) determined in accordance with Table 6.

Minimal fire prevention distances among buildings

Table 6Fire-resistance rating of the buildingDistance (m) to adjacent buildings with the specified fire-resistance rating

IIIIII

I6810

II8810

III101015

93. If the buildings contain structures protruding more than 1 metre and made of construction products of flammability rating Ds3,d2 or lower, the fire prevention distance shall be determined among the protruding portions of these structures. Other conditions applicable to the determination of fire prevention distances among buildings:

93.1. fire prevention distances among buildings located in the same or different plots of land may be ignored when their occupancy area (considering the vacant plot of land among them) does not exceed the area of the fire section defined for the buildings of the same designation. A vacant plot of land among buildings shall be estimated by taking into account the furthest points divided by the standard distance from one building to the other (hereinafter - the vacant plot of land);93.2. fire prevention distances among buildings of groups P.1.1, P.1.2, and P.2.21, and buildings of other designation shall not be regulated in one plot of land;93.3. fire prevention distances among buildings of groups P.1.1, P.1.2, and P.2.21 located in different plots of land may be ignored when their occupancy area (considering the vacant plot of land among them) does not exceed the area of the fire section defined for the buildings of group P.1.1. The provisions herein shall also be applicable to the buildings of other designations located in different plots of land than buildings of groups P.1.1, P.1.2, and P.2.21;93.4. the fire prevention distance may be reduced by 20 per cent in the case of buildings that have no windows in their facing exterior walls, or have a stationary fire-extinguishing system in the adjoining buildings, or the fire load of the adjoining buildings does not exceed 250 MJ/sq. m, or the length of fire hoses does not exceed 100 m from the nearest source of water (fire hydrant, water reservoir, etc.) to the furthest fire source inside the building.

94. If the fire prevention distance among the buildings is shorter than the mandatory distance, the spread of fire shall be limited by fire barriers that separate adjacent buildings and are characterised by the structural features ensuring, in case of fire on one side of the fire barrier, the prevention of the spread of fire beyond the fire barrier into the adjacent building (hereinafter - the fire barrier (screen)).

95. The requirements applicable to fire barriers (screens) among individual buildings are provided in Table 7. The dimensions of fire barriers (screens) may not be smaller than the exterior dimensions of the bigger building, or the dimensions of the installed fire barriers (screens) shall be determined in consideration of the possibilities of thermal effect of the fire (Figure 3). Construction products of minimum flammability rating A2s2, d0 shall be used for fire barriers (screens).

Fire-resistance rating of fire barrier (screen)Table 7Fire-resistance rating of the building

IIIIII

Fire Load Category

123

Fire barrier (screen) fire-resistance rating EIM

(not lower than)(1)180120906030

(1) fire-resistance rating of fire barrier (screen) shall be defined according to the building with a higher fire-resistance rating in order to protect buildings of different fire-resistance ratings.

XIV. EVACUATION OF PEOPLE

96. The safety of people while moving towards emergency exits and among them (hereinafter - the emergency escape route) shall be secured by planning, ergonomic, structural, engineering, and organisational measures.

97. Additional requirements apply to people evacuation in buildings adjusted for the needs of handicapped people [11.8].

98. Emergency escape routes in a building shall ensure safe evacuation of people from the premises. The designation of premises adjoining the emergency escape route, the number of the evacuated people, the fire-resistance rating of the building and the number of emergency exits from both the floor and the building shall be considered when establishing the protection of emergency escape routes that secures safe evacuation of people.

99. The emergency escape route is the way leading from the premises:

99.1. on the ground floor: directly outside or leading outside via a corridor, lobby or stairway;99.2. on any other floor (except the ground floor): directly to a stairway or leading to a stairway via corridor, lobby or maintained roof. The emergency escape route from the stairway shall lead directly outside or lead outside via a lobby divided from the corridor by partitions and doors;99.3. to the adjacent fire section or room risk-free in terms of explosion or fire, on the same floor, equipped with the above-mentioned emergency escape routes.

100. The emergency exit is the way leading away from the premises:

100.1. to the open exterior balcony or loggia with either a minimum 1.2 metre wide blind interwall (rated at least EI 45) from the edge of balcony (loggia) to the opening of the window, or a minimum 1.6 metre wide interwall between windows on the wall of the balcony (loggia);100.2. to the open passage of a minimum 0.6 metre width leading to either the adjoined residential block of three or more flats and forming part of a block of flats, or the adjoined separate fire section via outside zone;100.3. to the balcony or loggia with a ladder connecting balconies or loggias on different floors;100.4. to the room, balcony or loggia equipped with landing attachments meeting the requirements of the standards of the LST EN 341 series and providing the opportunity to all people to save themselves.

101. When emergency escape routes are made via two stairways leading into one lobby, one of the landings shall have a direct exit outside in addition to the exit to the lobby.

102. At least two emergency escape routes shall be made from each building floor. Emergency escape routes from the first and second floors shall be made via two stairways located in separate shafts. Emergency escape routes shall be quite apart from each other. Minimal range between the furthest exits from the premises (l) shall be calculated by using the below formula: where P is the perimeter of the premises.

103. In case of two emergency escape routes equipped, each of them shall secure safe evacuation of all people present in the premises, the floor or the building. In case of more than two emergency escape routes, safe evacuation of all people present in the premises, the floor or the building shall be secured via all emergency escape routes presuming that each of these exits may be blocked during fire.

104. One emergency escape route may be made:

104.1. from premises of group P.1.4 accommodating up to 10 people at a time; and

104.2. from premises located in basement or semi-basement floors accommodating up to 15 people at a time. In case the premises located in basement or semi-basement floors accommodate from 6 to 15 people at a time, an extra emergency exit leading outside shall be equipped via vertical ladder through either a trapdoor of 0.60.8 m or a window of 0.751.5m fit for climbing out;104.3. from premises that may accommodate up to 50 people at a time and where the furthest point from the exit is not more than 25 metres away;104.4. from premises, accommodating up to 5 people, rated Asg and Bsg in terms of explosion and fire risk, and from premises, accommodating up to 25 people or of an area not exceeding 1000 sq. metres, rated Cg in terms of explosion and fire risk;104.5. from open landings or entresols designed for the supervision of equipment if their floor area is up to 100 square metres in case of premises rated Asg and Bsg in terms of explosion and fire risk, or up to 400 square metres in case of premises classified under other ratings in terms of explosion and fire risk;104.6. from buildings of groups P.1.1, P.1.2, P.2.2, P.2.3, P.2.5, P.2.10, P.2.11, P.2.12, P.2.13, P.2.16 where the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey does not exceed 6 metres, while the number of people on the floor is up to 20;104.7. from buildings of group P.1.3 where the total area of flats on the same floor or section floor in case of blocks of buildings does not exceed 500 sq. metres [11.4]. In the above case, each flat with the floor elevated above the surface of fire apparatus driveway by 15 m or more shall have an emergency exit in addition to an emergency escape route;104.8. from flats of two storeys (levels) located in buildings of group P.1.3 when the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey (level) exceeds 15 m where emergency escape routes shall be made from each storey (level) of the flat.

105. Emergency escape routes that do not meet the requirements of emergency escape routes shall be considered emergency ways in order to increase safety of people during a fire. In the design stage, emergency exits shall not be considered emergency escape routes.

106. The number of emergency escape routes from a building shall not be lower than the number of emergency escape routes from any floor.

107. Emergency escape routes from basement and semi-basement floors shall lead straight outside. Stairs leading to the premises of the ground floor from the basement and semi-basement floors containing premises rated Cg in terms of explosion and fire risk shall be separated by interior walls and partitions with a fire-resistance rating specified in Table 2, while a fire lock room rated EI 45 shall be equipped before the stairs and shall generate overpressure in case of fire.

108. Floors of emergency escape routes shall be even, while the thresholds can only be made in door openings. The height of the threshold made in the door opening may not exceed 15 cm. Permitted difference of floor elevation shall be a minimum of 45 cm with at least 3 steps equipped. The slope of the emergency escape route floors may not exceed a ratio of 1:6.

109. Door locks of emergency escape routes shall be selected in accordance with the requirements of LST EN 179 and LSTEN1125 standards. Evacuation locks of emergency escape route doors, used by 15 or more people during an evacuation, shall be selected in accordance with the requirements of the LST EN 179 standard, while the locks for doors, used by 100 or more people during an evacuation, shall be selected in accordance with the requirements of the LST EN 1125 standard. In all cases, the exterior evacuation doors of emergency escape routes from buildings shall be equipped with locks or locking mechanisms opened from inside.

110. Door locks of emergency escape routes shall be installed not higher than 1000 mm from the floor, while handles not higher than 1100 mm from the floor.

111. Exits via revolving, wing, sliding, and overhead doors and gates shall not be deemed emergency exits at the time of fire. Wing and sliding doors may be used in emergency exits if the automated door opening independent from electrical power source is ensured in case of fire, except for fire barrier doors and gates. For doors discussed in this paragraph, locks may be selected irrespective of the requirements of LST EN 179 and LSTEN1125 standards.

112. The width of the opening side (hereinafter - the door panels) of the two-leaved doors of emergency exits shall be a minimum of 1200 mm. The width of the main door panel of two-leaved doors shall be a minimum of 900 mm.

113. Closets may not be equipped in the corridors of emergency escape routes, except for closets containing engineering systems and fire hoses.

114. Door panels of emergency exit doors shall open in-line with evacuation direction, while its width may not be narrower than: 0.8 m when the door is used by at most 15 people for evacuation; 0.9 m when the door is used by 15 to 50 people for evacuation; and 1.2 m when the door is used by 50 people or more for evacuation. Doors opened inward may be designed in case they are used by at most 15 people for evacuation, for storage rooms with total area of a maximum 200 sq. m, for exits on the roof, when the doors are not designed for people evacuation, as well as doors to bathrooms, toilets, loggias, and balconies if these are not used for passage to a smoke-proof stairway.

115. Passage height and door panels of emergency escape routes shall be a minimum of 2 metres. Passage height and door panels of basement, semi-basement, and technical floors, as well as other premises that are not used by people all the time or not used by more than 5 people, can be reduced to 1.9 m, while the height of the attic door and door panel of the door leading to the roof can be made up to 1.5 metres.

116. The breadth of emergency escape routes shall be a minimum of 1 metre. If the doors open to the communal use corridor, the breadth of the emergency escape route through the corridor is deemed to be reduced by half the width of the door panel in case the door is on one side of the corridor, or by full width of the door panel if the doors are on both sides of the corridor.

117. Exterior door panels of stairways and lobbies used for evacuation may not be narrower than the breadth of stairs. Opened door panels of stairways used for evacuation shall not narrow the standard breadth of stairs and their landings. Lifts installed for handicapped people may not narrow the breadth of emergency escape routes.

118. Neither mirrors nor imitation doors may be installed in the emergency escape routes.

119. The doors of evacuation stairways, lobbies, lift halls and fire lock rooms in buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 9 metres shall be smoke-proof and rated at least SaC5.

120. No premises of any other designation, industrial gas or steam pipelines, pipelines of combustible liquids, electrical cables and wires (except for electrical installations for lighting stairways and corridors and electricity meters), exits from lifts and cargo lifts, refuse chutes or equipment protruding of the wall surface lower than 2.2 metres from stairway landings and the steps can be equipped in stairways used for evacuation. Refuse chutes, electrical installations for lighting flats and electricity meters, and up to 3 passenger lifts can be equipped in evacuation stairways of buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey up to 26.5 metres.

121. Equipment of lifts in smoke-proof stairways is prohibited.

122. Stairs and stairways used for people evacuation are classified into:

122.1. stair types:

122.1.1. type 1: interior stairs equipped in stairways;122.1.2. type 2: interior, open;122.1.3. type 3: exterior, open;122.2. types of standard stairways:

122.2.1. L1: with glazed or open openings in the walls of each floor;122.2.2. L2: naturally lighted via glazed or open openings in the floors;122.3. types of smoke-proof stairways:

122.3.1. N1: with the entrance to the stairway from the floor via an outdoor zone with open passages; passage via air zone shall be smoke-proof;122.3.2. N2: with overpressure in stairway during fire;122.3.3. N3: with exit to stairway from the floor via a fire lock room with extra air pressure.

123. The breadth of stairway landings used for evacuation may not be narrower than the breadth of the stairs, while the vacant area in front of the entrance to the lift may not be smaller than 1500 mm1500 mm. Gaps of at least 50 mm shall separate flights of stairs for providing space for fire hoses, or a dry pipe with manually adjusted bolts and connecting couplings for attaching 52 mm fire hoses as well as easily removable blind flanges on the couplings in case of fire shall be equipped in the stairway.

124. Lifts and other mechanised facilities for transporting people need not be considered when designing emergency escape routes. If evacuation of people via escalators is planned, the escalators shall be designed in accordance with requirements applicable to stairs.

125. Stairs of type 2 may be equipped, with regard to the requirements set forth in paragraph 75, from the ground to the first floor on emergency escape routes in buildings with fire-resistance rating I and II.

126. Stairs of type 3 shall be made of construction products of a minimum flammability rating A2s3,d2 and installed at the windowless building walls of fire-resistance rating EI 30 and breadth wider by at least 1 metre than the dimensions of the exterior stairs. Stairs of type 3 may be equipped irrespective of the fire-resistance rating of the exterior wall if they are built at least 4 metres apart from the exterior wall of the building.

127. Stairs of type 3 shall have landings on the level of emergency exits with safety handrails at a minimum 1.2 m height. Stair slope may not exceed 1:1; while the breadth shall be at least 0.85 m. Doors leading to these stairs shall open from the inside of the premises.

128. Openings (except doors) may not be equipped in interior walls of stairways of type L1. Windows of at least 1.2 sq. m for eliminating smoke shall be designed on the top storeys of the stairways but not less than every 5 floors.

129. Smoke-proof stairways shall have a direct exit outside on their ground floor. Smoke-proof stairways of type N1 may be connected to the ground floor only through the outside or via the zone directly connected to the outside.

130. Elimination of smoke from the corridors of each floor shall be foreseen for buildings (VTS and TS) with smoke-proof stairways. Every 60 metres building corridors shall be subdivided by fire barriers rated EI 15 with smoke-proof doors rated minimum SaC5.

131. Exits to smoke-proof stairways may not be designed via lift halls (except in cases when lift shafts are equipped with doors rated EI 30). Balconies, corridors or galleries leading to smoke-proof stairways of type N1 may not be designed on the inner corners of exterior walls of the building.

132. Balconies, corridors or galleries leading to smoke-proof stairways of type N1 shall be of at least 1.2 m breadth and equipped with a safety rail of a minimum 1.2 m height. The range between doors separating outside from the premises shall be at least 2.5 m as measured between the centres of door openings.

133. In case of fire in buildings with smoke-proof stairways, lift cabins shall automatically go down to the ground floor and stay there with opened doors (except for firemen lifts).

134. In buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 26.5 m, passenger lifts equipped in stairways may be screened by railings and doors of any fire-resistance rating but made of construction products with a minimum flammability rating of A2s3,d2.

135. Buildings and public use engineering structures, except for buildings of groups P.1.1, P.1.2, and P.1.3, that may accommodate more than 100 people at a time, must have an equipped fire warning and evacuation control system. The warning type is selected with regard to building designation, volumetric planning, and structural properties. Requirements applicable to fire warning and evacuation control systems are provided in Annex 5 hereto.

136. Precautions designed for saving people but not meeting requirements shall not be considered in organising and designing evacuation from all premises and buildings.

XV. FIRE EXTINGUISHING AND RESCUE WORKS

137. Fire extinguishing and rescue works shall be secured by structural, volumetric planning, technical engineering, and organisational measures. These include:

137.1. equipment of entrance and access roads to the site connected to functional entrance and access roads or equipment of special roads for fire extinguishing and rescue vehicles;137.2. equipment of exterior fire stairs and a lift with a regime for firemen transportation, and acquisition of special vehicle hoists for lifting the personnel of state fire safety and rescue services and the equipment of fire extinguishing and rescue either to the required height or on the roof of the building;137.3. equipment of either a fire water-supply network connected to the household water-supply network, or a special water-supply network, as well as dry pipes and fire (water) reservoirs in case of need;137.4. smoke-proof protection installation in the paths of fire-fighter routes inside the building;137.5. personal and collective protection measures for people (if needed);137.6. organisation of state fire safety and rescue service owning fire-extinguishing and rescue enginery and enough fire-fighters with regard to conditions and characteristics of fire-extinguishing in buildings within the service zone of the division.

138. Roads adequate for the access of fire-extinguishing and rescue vehicles shall be built to each structure, fire-extinguishing source, and fire hydrant. Design requirements applicable to roads designed for the access of fire-extinguishing and rescue vehicles:

138.1. motorised transport streets and roads, traffic zones, and sites of different types meeting the requirements set forth in legal instruments shall be used for the access to structures, fire-extinguishing sources, and fire hydrants [11.7. 11.8];138.2. access roads to the buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey of a maximum 15 m shall be built not further than 25 metres from the buildings;138.3. access roads to the buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 15 m shall be built from two longitudinal sides of the building so that the fire-fighters would have access to all building windows and emergency exits via the vehicle ladder;138.4. access roads to the buildings may be built only from one longitudinal side of the building if via the turntable ladder fire-fighters would have access through the windows of each floor on this side to all premises and emergency exits on each floor;138.5. access roads into closed and semi-closed yards shall be designed in case the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey of the buildings in these yards exceeds 15 metres. Access roads into the closed yard shall be built at least every 800 m of the exterior perimeter length of the building;138.6. the road breadth shall be a minimum 3.5 m, while height - minimum 4.5 m;138.7. the dead end shall end with a site of at least 1212 m next to the buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey a maximum 15 m; the dead end shall end with a site of at least 1616 m next to the buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 15 m;138.8. considering the height of the building and technical capacities of the vehicle, either a minimum 6 m width carriageway or a site of at least 1616 m shall be made at a 7-16 m distance from the building for placing vehicle ladder close to the buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 15 m;138.9. no trees may be planted and no other obstacles may be placed between buildings and access roads for fire-extinguishing and rescue vehicles;138.10. sites and access roads for fire-extinguishing and rescue vehicles shall be kept free of all obstructions; for this purpose special road signs and railings (up to 20 cm height) shall be put in place;138.11. operated roofs of the building wings, equipped in accordance with the load of fire and rescue vehicles, may be used for the access of fire-extinguishing and rescue vehicles to the buildings.

139. Newly-built buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey exceeding 15 m shall be built within the district served by the state fire and rescue service that owns vehicle ladders. The provisions of this paragraph are not applicable to buildings that are equipped with emergency exits in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 100.2-100.4 securing safe evacuation of all people present in the premises or a flat.

140. Buildings with the height from ground surface altitude to the roof cornice or exterior wall top (parapet) exceeding 10 m shall be designed with adequate interior and exterior exits to the roof for the fire-fighters.

141. The interior way to the roof shall be equipped directly from the stairway, while in buildings with used and insulated attics, exits to the roof shall be equipped in the attic via stationary ladders through the trapdoors, doors or windows of a minimum 0.60.8 m. Exterior ways to the roof shall be equipped under stairs of type 3 or a stationary outdoor ladder.

142. The number of interior ways to the roof shall be at least one per 2000 sq metres (or smaller area) of the building roof area. Exterior ways to the roof shall be equipped if there is no possibility to equip enough interior ways to the roof. The number of exterior ways to the roof shall be at least one per 150 sq metres (or shorter range) of the length of the building perimeter.

143. In case the breadth of the building does not exceed 150 m, while there is an outdoor fire water-supply with hydrants on the other side than the main faade, the requirement to equip an exterior way to the roof of the main faade of the building via a stationary outdoor ladder is not obligatory.

144. In one-storey buildings with the area of the roof not exceeding 100 sq. m, the exit to the roof is not obligatory.

145. A stationary vertical ladder shall be used for getting onto the building roofs of the height from ground surface altitude to the roof cornice or exterior wall top (parapet) exceeding 10 m but not greater than 20 m and where the difference between roof heights is from 1 to 20 m; while stationary stairs with slope (not exceeding 6:1) shall be used for getting onto the building roofs higher than 20 m and where the difference between roof heights exceeds 20 m. The said ladder and stairs shall be equipped of construction products of a minimum flammability rating of A2s3,d2 and fitted not closer than 1 m from the windows.

146. If the roof heights differ by more than 1 m, a stationary ladder shall be equipped for the passage from one roof to the other. This ladder shall not be obligatory if roof heights differ by more than 10 m, while each section of roof area larger than 100 sq. metres has a separate exit to the roof.

147. A vertical ladder or stairs with the slope (not exceeding 6:1) of minimum 0.7 m breadth shall be used for fire-extinguishing and rescue works.

148. Interior ways to the roof or the attic from the stairways shall be via stairs with landings before the exits through minimum 0.751.5 m doors. In buildings with the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey being a maximum 15 m, interior ways to the roof or the attic from the stairways may be equipped via a stationary ladder through trapdoors of minimum 0.60.8 m. This ladder shall be made of construction products of a minimum flammability rating of A2s3,d2.

149. The height of passage shall be at least 1.8 m in technical floors, technical cellars, and technical attics, and at least 1.6 m in attics located along the building. The breadth of passage shall be at least 1.2 m. In sections shorter than 2 metres, the height of the passage may be reduced to 1.2 metres, and the breadth to 0.9 metre.

150. In buildings with penthouses, the enclosure structures of the attic shall have equipped trapdoors of at least 0.60.8 m.

151. The tall structures shall have at least one fireman lift equipped in each fire section in accordance with the provisions of the LST EN 81-72 standards.

152. Fireman lifts shall be installed in shafts with enclosure structures rated REI 120 with doors rated EI60. In case fire sections are designed on top of each other, the fireman lift may be shared, however, the enclosure structures of its shafts shall have the same or higher fire-resistance rating than the fire floors between those fire sections.

153. The exit from the fireman lift shall be directly to the fire lock room rated EI 45 without air supply during a fire. The exit from the fire lock room of the fireman lift shall be made directly outside or to the open balcony, corridor or gallery leading to the smoke-proof stairway of type N1.

154. In very tall structures, the cabin of the fireman lift shall be at least a 1100 mm breadth and at least 2100 mm in depth, while the nominal load shall be 1000 kg.

155. An autonomous energy source securing the operation of the lift for a minimum of 1 hour shall be designed for the firemen lift.

156. Measures (such as floor slope, ramps, beads, etc.) preventing the water used for fire-extinguishing from leaking into firemen lift shaft shall be designed in the building.

157. Buildings with the height from ground surface altitude to the roof cornice or exterior wall top (parapet) exceeding 10 m and the roof with a maximum 12 per cent slope, as well as buildings with the height to the roof cornice exceeding 7 m and the roof with over 12 per cent slope shall have equipped a railing or parapet of a minimum 0.6 m height. Irrespective of the building height, a 1.2 m fence rail shall be installed on used flat roofs, balconies, loggias, outdoor galleries, open outdoor stairs, flights of stairs, and landings.

_____________

Annex 1 toKey Requirements of Fire Prevention

CATEGORIES OF BUILDINGS AND PREMISES IN TERMS OF

EXPLOSION AND FIRE RISK

1. In terms of explosion and fire risk, buildings and premises are classified into categories Asg, Bsg, Cg, Dg, and Eg. These categories do not apply to the manufacture and storage of explosives.

2. The explosion and fire risk categories of buildings and premises are specified in the technological chapter of the building design taking into account fire risk ratings and quantities of materials present in the premises or used in the technological processes as well as specifications of technological processes.

3. The explosion and fire risk categories of premises with regard to the materials held or used in the premises as well as their characteristics are provided in Table 1.

Explosion and Fire Risk Category of Premises Table 1Category of premisesDescription of materials present in the premises or used in technological processes

AsgExtremely combustible gas, combustible, very combustible, and extremely combustible liquids with a flash point of a maximum 28C when they are used in such quantities that would generate instantaneous blast overpressure exceeding 5 kPa in the premises in case of ignition of explosive mixture of steam or gas and air.

Materials that explode and burn when in interaction with water, oxygen or each other, when they are used in such quantities that would generate instantaneous blast overpressure exceeding 5 kPa in the premises in case of explosion.

BsgCombustible dust or fibre, combustible and very combustible liquids with a flash point of 28C and higher, combustible liquids heated to their flash point and further, combustible liquids that in case of emergency may form explosive aerosols when they are used in such quantities that would generate instantaneous blast overpressure exceeding 5 kPa in the premises in case of ignition of explosive mixture of dust or steam and air.

CgCombustible and very combustible liquids, combustible and low combustion solid materials (including dust and fibre); materials that burn only in interaction with water, oxygen or each other, if the premises are not rated Asg or Bsg and if they are used in such quantities that the fire load in the premises is 42 MJ/sq. m or higher.

DgHot, heated, and molten non-combustible materials; materials the processing of which generates thermal radiation, emission of sparks or flame; combustible gas, liquids, and solids that are used as fuel or that are disposed of by burning.

EgNon-combustible materials or premises with fire load not exceeding 5 MJ/sq. m.

4. One general explosion and fire risk category shall be determined for all premises of a fire section (Table 2).

5. The category of a technological process and the premises where it takes place shall be determined in accordance with the requirements, standards, and other methodical documents of the Regulations.

6. The categories of buildings (fire sections) characterised by the risk of explosion or fire shall be determined in accordance with the criteria provided in Table 2.

Explosion and Fire Risk Category of Buildings Table 2Category of building or fire sectionCriteria for determining the explosion and fire risk category of buildings or fire sections

AsgIf the total area of the premises rated Asg constitutes over 5 per cent of the total area of the entire building or exceeds 200 square metres.

A building can be assigned a lower category than Asg if the total area of the premises rated Asg does not exceed 25 per cent of the building area (but does not exceed 1000 square metres either) and these premises have a stationary fire-extinguishing system in place [11.10].

BsgWhen the building is not rated Asg and the total area of the premises rated Asg and Bsg constitutes over 5 per cent of the total area of the entire building or exceeds 200 square metres.

A building can be assigned a lower category than Bsg if the total area of the premises rated Asg and Bsg does not exceed 25 per cent of the building area (but does not exceed 1000 square metres either) and these premises have a stationary fire-extinguishing system in place [11.10].

CgWhen the building is not rated either Asg or Bsg and the total area of the premises rated Asg, Bsg and Cg constitutes over 5 per cent of the total area of the entire building - or in case there are no premises rated Asg or Bsg in the building - 10 per cent of the total area of the entire building.

A building can be assigned a lower category than Cg if the total area of premises rated Asg, Bsg and Cg does not exceed 25 per cent of the building area (but does not exceed 3500 square metres either) and these premises have a stationary fire-extinguishing system in place [11.10].

DgWhen the building is not rated Asg, Bsg and Cg and the total area of the premises rated Asg, Bsg, Cg and Dg constitutes over 5 per cent of the total area of the building premises.

A building can be assigned a lower category than Dg if the total area of the premises rated Asg, Bsg, Cg and Dg does not exceed 25 per cent of the building area (but does not exceed 5000 square metres either) and these premises have a stationary fire-extinguishing system in place [11.10].

EgWhen the building is not rated Asg, Bsg, Cg or Dg and it contains non-combustible materials or premises with a fire load not exceeding 5 MJ/sq. m.

__________________

Annex 2 toKey Requirements of Fire Prevention

CATEGORIES OF exterior equipment IN TERMS OF

EXPLOSION AND FIRE RISK

1. In terms of explosion and fire risk, exterior equipment is classified into categories Asgi, Bsgi, Cgi, Dgi, Egi determined in the technological chapter of the building design.

2. The category of the exterior equipment shall be determined in accordance with the criteria provided in the Table below.

Explosion and Fire Risk Categories of External Equipment

Equipment categoryDescription and quantity of materials contained in the equipment and used in technological processes

AsgiIf the equipment contains (stores, recycles or transports) extremely combustible gas, combustible, very combustible, and extremely combustible liquids with a flash point of a maximum 28C, materials that explode and burn in interaction with water, oxygen or each other, when they are used in such quantities that the area of the zone, the limit of which is the lower limit of concentrated flame penetration of steam or gas and air mixture, on the horizontal plane exceeds 30 metres, and/or the estimated instantaneous blast overpressure of steam or gas and air mixture exceeds 5 kPa at a distance of 30 metres away from the exterior equipment.

BsgiIf the equipment contains (stores, recycles or transports) combustible gas or fibre, combustible and very combustible liquids with a flash point exceeding 28C, combustible liquids heated to their flash point and higher, when they are used in such quantities that the area of the zone, the limit of which is the lower limit of concentrated flame penetration of steam or gas and air mixture, on the horizontal plane exceeds 30 metres, and/or the estimated instantaneous blast overpressure of steam or gas and air mixture exceeds 5 kPa at a distance of 30 metres away from the exterior equipment.

CgiIf the equipment is not rated either Asgi and Bsgi and the equipment contains (stores, recycles or transports) combustible liquids, combustible and low combustion solid materials (including dust and fibre), materials that burn only in interaction with water, oxygen or each other, when they are used in such quantities that in case of their ignition, the flash of thermal radiation of the fire source exceeds 4 kW/sq. m at a distance of 30 metres away from the equipment.

DgiIf the equipment contains (stores, recycles or transports) hot, heated or molten non-combustible materials, the processing of which generates thermal radiation, emission of sparks or flame; as well as combustible gas, liquids, and solids that are used as fuel or that are disposed of by burning.

EgiIf the equipment contains (stores, recycles or transports) hot, heated or molten non-combustible materials and/or materials in normal condition and materials that are not rated Asgi, Bsgi, Cgi and Dgi in accordance with the above criteria and materials in cold condition.

___________

Annex 3 toKey Requirements of Fire Prevention

DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM AREA Fg OF FIRE SECTION

In each individual case, the maximum area of a fire section shall be established by applying the following formula:

Fg = FsGcos(90KH),

where:Fs refers to the conditional area of the fire section specified in Table 1 of this Annex and depending on the building designation, sq. m.

KH refers to the coefficient of the estimated height, KH =H/HabsH refers to height from the lowest elevation of the surface of the fire apparatus driveway, or in case the equipment of the driveway for fire apparatus is not obligatory from the lowest surface elevation of placing portable fire ladders, to the top floor of the building (including the attic), m, that may not exceed estimated height (Habs), m

Habs refers to the estimated elevation specified in Table 1 depending on the building designation, m

G refers to fire safety rating coefficient of the building that generally is deemed to be equal to 1.

Coefficient G is determined by the following method:

G = G1++G8, if G1 coefficient is evaluated

G = 1+(G2++G8), if G1 coefficient is not evaluated

where: G1G8 refer to partial fire safety rating coefficients of the building depending on the fire safety systems put in place in the building and the capacities of the state fire and rescue service; their values in figures are provided in Table 2 of this Annex.

G3, G4 refer to partial fire safety rating coefficients, the values of which can be applied only after obtaining the approval of the state fire and rescue service.

Values of Conditional Area of a Fire Section Fs and Estimated Altitude Habs in the Buildings of Various Designations

Table 1Building groupDesignation [11.7] Fire-resistance of the building

IIIIIIIIIIII

Conditional Area of a Fire Section Fs (sq. m)Estimated Altitude Habs (m)

Group P.1

P.1.1Residential (one flat buildings) 220014001 00020105

P.1.2Residential (buildings of two flats) 220014001 00020105

P.1.3Residential (buildings of three and more flats blocks of flats)5 0002 0001 00056(1)105

P.1.4Residential (for various social groups) (children homes, shelters, nursing homes, etc.)3 0001500P105P

Dormitories 5 0002 0001 00056105

Family homes

Convents and monasteries

Group P.2

P.2.1Buildings of hotels and short-stay facilities (hotels, motels and guest houses)5 0002 0001 00056(1)10P

P.2.2Administrative buildings for administrative purposes (banks, post offices, state and municipal institutions, embassies, courts, other administrative buildings of institutions and organisations)6 0002 0001 00056(1)105

P.2.3Commercial buildings for whole- and retail sale (stores, gas stations, drugstores, trade pavilions, etc.)12 0004 0002 00020105

P.2.4Buildings for provision of services and household servicing (saunas, beauty salons, laundries, repair shops, funeral homes, etc.)6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.5Catering buildings for serving food to people (canteens, restaurants, cafs, bars, etc.)6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.6Transport buildings for transport purposes, i.e. related to transportation, shipping, haulage (buildings of air ports, sea and river fleet, railway and bus stations, traffic posts, control-rooms, switch posts, port terminals, signalling, lighthouses, customs, etc.)6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.7Garage buildings for keeping vehicles (car garages, plane hangars, garages for carriages, buses and trolley-buses)14 0006 0004 00020105

P.2.8Manufacturing buildings of production and industry (factories, workshops, production recycling enterprises, forges, slaughter-houses, etc.)

Category Asg100008 000P 2010P

Category Bsg12 0009 000P 2010P

Category Cg14 000100006 00020105

Category Dg20 00015 0006 00020105

Category Eg25 00015 0006 00020105

P.2.9Warehousing buildings, the direct designation of which is storage and guard

Category Asg5 0002500P 2010P

Category Bsg6 0003 000P 2010P

Category Cg15 000100004 00020105

Category Dg15 00012 0008 00020105

Category Eg2000015 0001000020105

P.2.10Cultural buildings for culture purposes (cinemas, culture homes, clubs, libraries, archives, museums, exhibition centres, planetaria, radio and television buildings, etc.)6 0002 0001 00056(1)105

P.2.11Educational buildings for the purposes of education and science (institutes and research institutions, observatories, weather-stations, laboratories (except for manufacturing laboratories), general education, vocational and high schools, kindergartens, nurseries, etc.)6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.12Medical facilities for therapy purposes, i.e. buildings in which medical aid and care to sick people is provided (hospitals, clinics, polyclinics, sanatoria, rehabilitation centres, health care facilities of special institutions, buildings of spas, nursing homes of medical care institutions etc.), veterinary buildings 6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.13Recreational buildings (camp sites, rest homes, summer houses, hunt houses and other recreational buildings)6 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.14Sports facilities (sports halls, tennis courts, swimming pools, ice-rinks, yacht clubs, shooting-ranges, stadiums, maneges, and other buildings)2 00002 0001 00020105

P.2.15Religious buildings for religious purposes (churches, Orthodox churches, chapels, synagogues, meeting-houses, cathedrals and other buildings used for religious purposes)5 0002 0001 00020105

P.2.16Special buildings for special purposes (barracks, prisons, remand prisons, police, fire-fighter services, shelters, border check points, technical watchtowers etc.)

5 0002 0001 00056(1)105

P.2.17Auxiliary buildings of farms, auxiliary buildings (stables, barns, warehouse, garage, outdoor kitchen etc.)5 0004 0001 00015105

P.2.18Other (farm) buildings for keeping cattle and poultry (pigsties, cowsheds, stables, calf houses, poultry houses etc.)5 0004 0001 00015105

P.2.19Other (farm) buildings for maintaining agriculture (granaries, hangars, garages etc.) (2)

Category Asg5 0002500P2010P

Category Bsg6 0003 000DP 2010DP

Category Cg8 0006 0004 00020105

Category Dg100008 0006 00020105

Category Eg15 00012 0008 00020105

P.2.20Other (greenhouse) buildings for plants (greenhouses, hothouses, winter gardens etc.)Not regulated

P.2.21Other (garden) buildings within gardener communities (garden houses etc.)220014001 00020105

Group P.3

P.3Other other buildings that may not be classified under any other defined designation of buildings220014001 00020105

Group P.4

P.4Engineering structures(3)6 0002 0001 00020105

(1) for the calculations of the fire section area in buildings, the height of which measured from ground surface altitude to the roof cornice or exterior wall top (parapet) exceeds 56 m, the applicable height (H) is 54 m from the surface of the driveway of fire apparatus to the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey of the building, while the estimated altitude (Habs) is 56 metres.

(2) except for barns used for storing hay, straw, flax straw, bedding etc., the area of conditional fire section of which may not exceed 1000 sq. metres.

(3) - applicable in the design of public use engineering structures [11.2] where the fire section area is determined according to the building area or roof area.

P design of buildings of the indicated fire-resistance rating is prohibited.

1. The area of basement and semi-basement floors shall be determined according to the fire section area of the aboveground portion of the building. In case the building has no aboveground portion, the fire section area of the basement shall be determined considering that this is a building with 0.01m elevation of the floor of the topmost storey. Buildings may be built by equipping underground floors to minus 9 metres of the ground altitude of the lowest underground floor from the highest altitude of fire apparatus driveway, except in cases specified in legal instruments.

2. In case all building premises are equipped with a stationary fire-extinguishing system coupled with an addressable fire detection and alarm system [11.9], the fire section area of buildings with fire-resistance rating I and the elevation of the floor of the topmost storey not exceeding 6 m is not limited.

Values of Partial Coefficients of Fire Safety Rating

Table 2Precautions Affecting Standard Area of Fire SectionPartial Coefficients of Fire Safety RatingValues of Partial Coefficients of Fire Safety Rating

All building premises are equipped with a stationary fire-extinguishing system in accordance with [11.10].G12.0

Total permanent and temporary fire load of the building premises does not exceed 200 MJ/sq. m.G20.15

The nearest team of state fire and rescue service is within 2 km radius, or, irrespective of the distance, the arrival to the site takes no longer than 10 minutes.G30.27

State fire and rescue service is adequately equipped and ready for the liquidation of potential extreme situations on the site (the service has all required equipment for fire-extinguishing and rescue works, for example, turntable ladder, water pumpers, foam tank, etc.)G40.13

The length of fire hoses from the nearest water source (fire hydrant, water reservoir, etc.) to the furthest fire source in the building does not exceed 100 metres.G50.12

Addressable fire detection and alarm system is put in place in all building premises.G60.12

Mechanical smoke elimination system is installed in the building.G70.11

The site is equipped with an automatic fire warning sent to state fire and rescue service.G80.10

____________________

Annex 4 toKey Requirements of Fire Prevention

DETERMINATION OF ROOF RATING BROOF (t1)1. Irrespective of their height and fire section area, the roofs of any designation of buildings of fire-resistance rating I shall meet the requirements of Class BROOF (t1).

2. Exterior flammability requirements are not applicable to the roofs of buildings of fire-resistance rating III.

3. The roofs of bu