Lithosphere: Crust and solid upper mantle. Asthenosphere: Plastic, movable part of the mantle....
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Transcript of Lithosphere: Crust and solid upper mantle. Asthenosphere: Plastic, movable part of the mantle....
PLATE TECTONICS
THE MAIN LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Lithosphere: Crust and solid upper mantle.
Asthenosphere: Plastic, movable part of the mantle.
Outer
WHY CRUST MOVES:
Heat from the inner core cause convection currents to flow within the asthenosphere.
Rising currents cause plates to move apart
Sinking currents cause plates to come together.
DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
Location where two plates are moving apart
Diverging plates cause rift valleys to form
Examples (Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East Pacific Rise, East African rift valley)
CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
There are 3 types of converging Plate boundaries (continent-ocean, ocean-ocean, continent-continent)
Converging plate boundaries create mountains, volcanoes, and deep trenches to form
TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
These boundaries occur when plates are forced to slide past one another
The average rate of movement is 5 cm per year
Some spots have not moved for centuries
PASSIVE PLATE BOUNDARIES:
- Occur where ocean crust and continental crust meet but do not subduct.