Oral Communications Diff.

The same words and two independent clauses but in reversed or changed order.

“Repetition of certain words in reverse order.”

EXAMPLE: “When the going gets tough, the tough get going.”

The rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences; the second stage of a dialectic process.

“The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting words or phrases.”

EXAMPLE: “Action, not words.” OR “When pigs fly.” OR “When hell freezes over.”

Passing on to the strongest word after advancing through milder ones.

“Going through milder words to get to the strongest word at the end of the sentence.”

EXAMPLE: “The continuance of anger is hatred; the continuance of hatred turns to malice.”

When two words that have the opposite meaning of each other are put together in one sentence.

“A contradiction of words.”

EXAMPLE: “Alone together.” OR “Pretty ugly.” OR “Jumbo shrimp.”

Repetition of the last word in one line or clause to begin the next.

“The same word in a sentence and it begins the next sentence. You repeat the last word or phrase of the sentence in the beginning of the next.”

EXAMPLE: “To beg your pardon. Pardon, I beseech you.” OR “Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.”

The repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, sentences, or clauses.

“The same word being repeated at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row.”

EXAMPLE: “He laughed at you. He laughed at me. He laughed at us all.”

Using a word in substitution for an original word. (Slang.)

“Substituting a descriptive word for a proper name. (Nickname.)”

EXAMPLE: “Strawberry.” OR “CAT Nyberg.” OR “Mr. Right.”

The direct address of some abstract quality or nonexistent person.

EXAMPLE: “Hello, Darkness, my old friend. I’ve come to talk with you again.” OR “Blue moon, you saw me standing alone, without a dream in a my heart, without a love of my own.” (Songs use this a lot.)

A scheme where conjunctions are omitted from a series of related causes.

“A list of words or phrases as examples.”

EXAMPLE: “I came. I saw. I conquered. OR “I like Jewish, French, and wheat bread.”

A figure of speech in which a series is in a certain order.

“Progression from lesser to a greater degree of quality or quantity.”

EXAMPLE: “I began by sitting in a chair, then driving a car, then BAM! I was at the controls of a spaceship.”