Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

“Discover Australia”High Modality future

tense

“Visit us online”

Map and the route of the tour

Australian images instead of the word “AUSTRALIA”

The itinerary clearly structured

THE MODAL CLINE

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

STRONG POSITION

WEAK POSITION

MEDIUM POSITION

must will

would

should

Is to

can

supposed to

has to

couldCUT&PASTE MODAL VERBSActivity: Cut the modal verbs

out and paste them on the cline

The Modal ClineActivity: discussion based. In groups have students glue where they think

the verbs belong

I believe (that)...

I guess (that)

It is obvious Everyone

knows

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

ought to

Was to need

was to

may

might

MODAL CLINE 1. Colour the boxes containing verbs in blue and the boxes

containing clauses green2. Cut out these Modal verbs & Clauses 3. Paste them on the verb cline

In my opinion,

It isn’t likely

If..., then...

WEAK POSITION MEDIUM POSITION STRONG POSITION

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

If you are looking to experience the atmosphere of medieval China, look no further than World Heritage- listed Pingyao, probably the best preserved walled city in the country.

Begin by getting to know some of little-visited Pingyao’s hidden treasures within the Ming City Walls, which are still relatively intact. The Ri Sheng Change Financial House or first bank in China, provides an insight into trade in the China of old. You’ll also have the chance to wander Pingao’s charming old streets, admiring the many examples of traditional architecture. The next day drive a short distance to Wang’s Family Courtyard, a labyrinth of courtyards, gardens and gateways waiting to be explored. On your final day drive to Shuanglin Temple, which was built during the Ming and Quing Dynasties and is home to thousands of Buddhist statues. From here head to Qiao Jia Dayuan, a beautifully-kept courtyard house that was the setting for Zhang Yimou’s famous film, Raise the Red Lantern. Later, transfer back to Taiyuan Station to connect with the overnight train back to Beijing, or on to Xian.

Identify the verbsActivity: This is an extract from a brochure on China. Read the extract and highlight the modal

verbs and clauses.

THE MODAL CLINE

Know your audience... who are you writing to?

Here are some sentences from a ski-resort brochure. Code them according to the target audience.

Sentence from brochure Target AudienceFamilies 18-30 year

oldsBeginner

level skiersAdvanced

level skiersThe vertical drop is perfect for extreme skiing.

The resort is friendly and quiet with a good range of welcoming restaurants. The cosmopolitan and chic centre is the place to be seen off the slopes. The extensive off-piste area offers exhilarating runs for the snowboarder who likes to be challenged. This tranquil resort offers extensive leisure facilities and a crèche, making it an ideal choice for mixed-ability parties and non skiers. Many of the ski runs are pleasant, gentle and sheltered.

Apres-ski and evening entertainment are plentiful and varied with lively bars and plenty of opportunities for dancing. The wide runs offer plenty of opportunity to gain confidence and experience.

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

Who will be your target audience? How old are they? What do they do? What are their interests? How will your brochure appeal to them?

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

Instructions: Choose a picture, describe the scene, list what people can do in the location, write a sentence for a brochure telling tourists about the activities they can do. Write the same sentence using high modal verbs, medium modal verbs and low modal verbs.

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

Example:

Choose a picture: Ming City Wall Describe the scene: green trees, a long brown wall laced with what looks like moss List what people can do in the scene: wander along the wall, take a boat to reach the

wall, climb the wall, bungee jump off the wall. Write a sentence about what tourists can do using high modal verbs

Wander along the long winding Ming City Wall.

Rewrite the sentence with medium modal verbs - highlight the changes

You can wander along the long winding Ming City Wall.

Rewrite the sentence with low modal verbs - high light the change

Perhaps you can wander along the long winding Ming City Wall.

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

Ri Sheng

Right hand of the big Buddha located at Lingshan near Wuxi

Collated & created by Rhonda Kaidbay, Literacy Consultant 7-12, NSR, 2010

The Great Wall of China Tiananmen Square