List the structures in a plant cell and explain what their function is.State which ones are also found in animal cells.

Parts of the Cell

Part Function Found inNucleus Controls the cell’s

functionsBoth

Cytoplasm Site of all the chemical reactions

Both

Cell Membrane Controls entry and exit of substances

Both

Vacuole Contains cell sap, gives support to the cell

Plant cells only

Chloroplasts Site of photosynthesis contain chlorophyll

Green plant cells only

Cell wall Gives shape to the cell, prevents lysis

Plant cells only

Give a dictionary definition of diffusion and explain 2 differences between diffusion and osmosis.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are evenly spread out.Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

Explain where in the body diffusion takes place.

Diffusion in a Multi-cellular Animal

1. Write down the 6 stages of mitosis.2. Why is it important that the chromosome complement is

maintained?3. Why is mitosis important in unicellular and multicellular

organisms?

What are enzymes made from?What is the function of enzymes?Why are they called biological

catalysts?Why are they said to be specific?

Enzymes

• Are biological catalysts• Are found in all living cells• Are proteins• Are specific i.e. they only work on

one substrate• Catalyse synthesis and breakdown

reactions

Explain how temperature affects enzyme activity.

Describe the range and optimum pH of enzymes.

What are the 2 possible reactions an enzyme can carry out and give an example of an enzyme, its substrate and its product for each.

Degradation – to break down

Amylase – starch into maltose

Synthesis – to build up

Phosphorylase – glucose-1-phosphate into starch

How would you define the term metabolism?

All the chemical reactions taking place within an organism.

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

What is the purpose of respiration?What are the waste products of

respiration?

• Glucose+ oxygen → CO2 + H2O + Energy

• Respiration is the release of energy from food using oxygen

• The waster products are carbon dioxide and water

• What is the name of this piece of equipment and explain how it works.

• What is the purpose of the soda lime?• You are measuring the respiration rate of a small animal,

what would you need to change to set up a control?