LISA HOLMES

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

• The process of creating an effective learning experience that takes into consideration:• what needs to be learned

• what the student might need in order to learn

• how to facilitate that learning

• A system of teaching and learning

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN THEORYLEARNING THEORY

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODEL

Differences

• Learning Theory• Describes how learning

occurs in individuals

• Instructional Design Theory• Describes specific events

outside of the learner that facilitate learning

• An idea of what the instruction should be like

• Instructional Design Model• A process or plan of

instruction.

Relationships

• Instructors need to understand Learning Theories in order to understand the usefulness of Instructional Design Theories.

• Instructional Design Models put into action the ideas of Instructional Design Theories.

THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS FROM WHICH TO CHOOSE. MANY

OF THESE MODELS HAVE COMMON FEATURES SUCH AS:

• Always beginning with an analysis of the learning needs• Systematic design and development• Ongoing evaluation and revision

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Dick and Carey Model

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

ADDIE MODEL

ANALYSIS

• The analysis phase of the ADDIE model is used to determine the different aspects of the learning situation. • Analysis answers questions such as: • What are the learning objectives and what are the

desired outcomes? • What existing skills, knowledge and experience do the

learner’s currently possess? • What is the learning environment like and what

limitations and advantages are present?

• The design phase of the ADDIE model is meant to decide what the instruction should look like in order to meet the needs determined during the analysis phase. • Instructors, or designers, will map out specific

objectives, exercises, learning content, and assessments to be used and put them in a systematic order. • In other words, a blueprint is created during this phase.

DESIGN

• The development phase of the ADDIE model is when the specific parts of the whole design, or blueprint, are created. • Designers will create the content, media,

assessment tools and exercises during this phase of the design process.

DEVELOPMENT

• The implementation phase of the ADDIE model is when the content and materials created during the development phase are tested. • This allows the designers to determine if the content and

material is appropriate and ensure that they are functional.

• During this phase instruction is also given to teachers regarding the details of the design and to teachers and students regarding any technology that will be used.

IMPLEMENTATION

• Evaluation is done throughout the design process in the ADDIE model and is used to determine if the design is effective for its intended purpose.• Formative and summative assessment are used. • Summative assessments test if the intended and

expected knowledge or skill was learned.• Formative assessment, employed throughout the design

process, is used to determine if changes should be made to the design.

EVALUATION

WHY USE INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

• We use Instructional Design for its:• Efficiency• Can save time and expense

• Effectiveness• Designed to meet the needs of the student so that the

likelihood of reaching the intended goal is increased

• Appeal• Designed to be enjoyable and motivating to the student