Liquids and Solids 1. To learn about dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces 2....

33
Liquids and Solids 1. To learn about dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces 2. To understand the effect of intermolecular forces on the properties of liquids 3. To learn some of the important features of water 4. To learn about interactions among water molecules 5. To understand and use heat of fusion and heat of vaporization Objectives 14.1 Intermolecular Forces and Phase Changes

TAGS:

Transcript of Liquids and Solids 1. To learn about dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces 2....

PowerPoint Presentation

To learn about dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces To understand the effect of intermolecular forces on the properties of liquids To learn some of the important features of water To learn about interactions among water molecules To understand and use heat of fusion and heat of vaporizationObjectives 14.1Intermolecular Forces and Phase ChangesLiquids and Solids1Matter can be described by its physical properties. The physical properties of a substance generally depend on the spacing between particles (atoms, molecules, ions) that make up the substance and the forces of attraction among them.A. Intermolecular Forces Liquids and SolidsForces of attraction between particles (including the noble gases and also different parts of some large molecules) are important in determining many macroscopic properties of a substance, including how the observable physical state changes with temperature.A. Intermolecular Forces Liquids and SolidsA. Intermolecular Forces Low density Highly compressible Fill container Reviewing what we know Gases Solids High density Slightly compressible Rigid (keeps its shape)

Liquids and Solids4A. Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces occur between molecules Intramolecular forces occur inside the molecules

Liquids and Solids5A. Intermolecular Forces Dipole dipole attraction

Liquids and Solids6A. Intermolecular Forces Occurs between H and highly electronegative atom (for example N, O, F) Hydrogen Bonding

Liquids and Solids7A. Intermolecular Forces Affects physical properties Boiling point Hydrogen Bonding

Liquids and Solids8A. Intermolecular Forces Formation of instantaneous dipoles London Dispersion Forces

Liquids and Solids9A. Intermolecular Forces Nonpolar molecules London Dispersion Forces

Liquids and Solids10A. Intermolecular Forces Become stronger as the sizesof atoms or molecules increase London Dispersion Forces

Liquids and Solids11B. Water and Its Phase Changes Heating/cooling curve

Liquids and Solids12B. Water and Its Phase Changes Normal boiling point at 1 atm = 100oC Normal freezing point at 1 atm = 0oC Density Liquid water = 1.00 g/mL Ice = 0.917 g/mL Liquids and Solids13C. Energy Requirements for the Changes of State Changes of state are physical changes No chemical bonds are broken

Liquids and Solids14C. Energy Requirements for the Changes of State Molar heat of fusion energy required to melt 1 mol of a substance

Molar heat of vaporization energy required to change 1 mol of a liquid to its vapor Liquids and Solids15To understand the relationship among vaporization, condensation and vapor pressure To relate the boiling point of water to its vapor pressure Objectives 14.2Vapor Pressure and Boiling PointLiquids and Solids16A. Evaporation and Vapor Pressure Vaporization or evaporation Endothermic

Liquids and Solids17A. Evaporation and Vapor Pressure Amount of liquid first decreases then becomes constant Condensation - process by which vapor molecules convert to a liquid When no further change is visible the opposing processes balance each other - equilibrium Vapor Pressure

Liquids and Solids18A. Evaporation and Vapor Pressure Vapor pressure - pressure of the vapor present at equilibrium with its liquid Vapor Pressure

Vapor pressures vary widely - relates to intermolecular forces Liquids and Solids19B. Boiling Point and Vapor Pressure

Liquids and Solids20B. Boiling Point and Vapor Pressure

Liquids and Solids21To learn about the types of crystalline solids To understand the interparticle forces in crystalline solids To learn how the bonding in metals determines metallic properties Objectives 14.3Properties of SolidsLiquids and Solids22SolidsThe type of bonding in the solid state can be deduced from the properties of the solid state.Liquids and SolidsA. The Solid State: Types of Solids Crystalline solids

Liquids and Solids24A. The Solid State: Types of Solids

Liquids and Solids25A. The Solid State: Types of Solids

Liquids and Solids26B. Bonding in Solids

Liquids and Solids27B. Bonding in Solids Stable substances with high melting points Held together by strong forces between ions Ionic Solids

Liquids and Solids28B. Bonding in Solids Fundamental particle is a molecule Melt at relatively low temperatures Held together by weak intermolecular forces Molecular Solids

Liquids and Solids29B. Bonding in Solids Fundamental particle is the atom Properties vary greatly Group 8 - low melting points Diamond - very high melting point Atomic Solids

Liquids and Solids30B. Bonding in Solids Metals are held together by nondirectional covalent bonds (called the electron sea model) among the closely packed atoms Bonding in Metals Liquids and Solids31B. Bonding in Solids Metals form alloys of two types Bonding in Metals Substitutional different atoms are substituted for the host metal atoms

Liquids and Solids32B. Bonding in Solids Metals form alloys of two types Bonding in Metals Interstitial small atoms are introduced into the holes in the metallic structure

Liquids and Solids33


Ch. 11– Liquids and Intermolecular Forces The forces holding solids and liquids together are called intermolecular forces. –Intermolecular forces are much.

Ch. 11– Liquids and Intermolecular Forces The forces holding solids and liquids together are called intermolecular forces. –Intermolecular forces are much.

Intermolecular Forces - MTH · Intermolecular forces are typically weaker and act over largerdistances. While individually weaker than intramolecular forces, intermolecular forces

Intermolecular Forces - MTH · Intermolecular forces are typically weaker and act over largerdistances. While individually weaker than intramolecular forces, intermolecular forces

Intermolecular forces – dipole – dipole forces Lesson Objectives: To describe the interaction of molecules by permanent dipole – dipole To compare dipole.

Intermolecular forces – dipole – dipole forces Lesson Objectives: To describe the interaction of molecules by permanent dipole – dipole To compare dipole.

Intermolecular Forces Chemical and physical forces ... · • Dipole-dipole forces are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another

Intermolecular Forces Chemical and physical forces ... · • Dipole-dipole forces are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another

TOPIC: Intermolecular Forces Part 2: Dipole- Dipole and Hydrogen Bonding Do Now: List the 4 categories of Nonpolar Molecules – all of these have DISPERSION.

TOPIC: Intermolecular Forces Part 2: Dipole- Dipole and Hydrogen Bonding Do Now: List the 4 categories of Nonpolar Molecules – all of these have DISPERSION.

By SHAILENDRA SHUKLA SIR STATES OF MATTER Intermolecular ... · However, the attractive forces between an ion and a dipole (i.e. ion-dipole forces) are not van der Waals forces. van

By SHAILENDRA SHUKLA SIR STATES OF MATTER Intermolecular ... · However, the attractive forces between an ion and a dipole (i.e. ion-dipole forces) are not van der Waals forces. van

1 Intermolecular Forces Chemistry. 2 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms.

1 Intermolecular Forces Chemistry. 2 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms.

Chapter 10 Liquids and Solids Intermolecular Forces Forces between (rather than within) molecules. dipole-dipole attraction: molecules with dipoles orient.

Chapter 10 Liquids and Solids Intermolecular Forces Forces between (rather than within) molecules. dipole-dipole attraction: molecules with dipoles orient.

Intermolecular Forces of Attraction - nygh.sg fileIntermolecular Forces of Attraction and Shapes of Molecules •Instantaneous Dipole-Induced Dipole (London Dispersion Forces): Exist

Intermolecular Forces of Attraction - nygh.sg fileIntermolecular Forces of Attraction and Shapes of Molecules •Instantaneous Dipole-Induced Dipole (London Dispersion Forces): Exist

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces - The University of ... and Intermolecular Forces Topics Changes of State Energy Changes Attractive Forces (dipole-dipole, induced dipole, hydrogen

Liquids and Intermolecular Forces - The University of ... and Intermolecular Forces Topics Changes of State Energy Changes Attractive Forces (dipole-dipole, induced dipole, hydrogen

Solvents, Recrystallization, and Melting Point. Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding – Acceptor/donor Dipole/dipole Dipole/induced dipole Induced dipole/induced.

Solvents, Recrystallization, and Melting Point. Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding – Acceptor/donor Dipole/dipole Dipole/induced dipole Induced dipole/induced.

Intramolecular Forces vs. Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular Forces Chemical bonds Intermolecular Forces Attractive forces between molecules.

Intramolecular Forces vs. Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular Forces Chemical bonds Intermolecular Forces Attractive forces between molecules.

· Web viewis on understanding the strengths of forces between particles, and not on naming specific intermolecular forces (such as dipole-dipole). Examples of particles could include

· Web viewis on understanding the strengths of forces between particles, and not on naming specific intermolecular forces (such as dipole-dipole). Examples of particles could include

Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids · Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids ... “Intermolecular Forces ... Intermolecular forces influence chemistry in many

Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids · Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids ... “Intermolecular Forces ... Intermolecular forces influence chemistry in many

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids · Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen Bond 11.2 The hydrogen bond is a special dipole-dipole interaction between they hydrogen atom in a polar

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids · Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen Bond 11.2 The hydrogen bond is a special dipole-dipole interaction between they hydrogen atom in a polar

Intermolecular Forces - Surface · PDF file1 Intermolecular forces holding molecules together. Intermolecular Forces - Surface Tension - Cohesive forces: interactions between like

Intermolecular Forces - Surface · PDF file1 Intermolecular forces holding molecules together. Intermolecular Forces - Surface Tension - Cohesive forces: interactions between like

1 Intermolecular Forces 11. 2 INTERMOLECULAR FORCES Van der Waals’ forces Hydrogen bonds Dipole-dipole forces London Dispersion forces.

1 Intermolecular Forces 11. 2 INTERMOLECULAR FORCES Van der Waals’ forces Hydrogen bonds Dipole-dipole forces London Dispersion forces.

Science Done Wright · Chemistry: Intermolecular Forces Graphic Organizer Teacher's Notes How to Determine Molecular Polarity & Molecular Dipole Strength The molecular dipole is an

Science Done Wright · Chemistry: Intermolecular Forces Graphic Organizer Teacher's Notes How to Determine Molecular Polarity & Molecular Dipole Strength The molecular dipole is an

Intermolecular Forces. 3.5 Other bonding possibilities There are three types of intermolecular force van der Waals dipole-dipole forces hydrogen.

Intermolecular Forces. 3.5 Other bonding possibilities There are three types of intermolecular force van der Waals dipole-dipole forces hydrogen.

Intermolecular Forces 11.2 Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms together in a molecule. Intermolecular.

Intermolecular Forces 11.2 Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms together in a molecule. Intermolecular.