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Linking words II
Advérbios e conjunções
Linking words I
• The variant sentences for “it’s no the closet. Not in the bathroom, either.” are
a. It’s neither in the closet nor in the bathroom.
b. It’s not in the closet; neither in the bathroom.
c. It’s not in the closet; but it’s in the bathroom.
d. It’s either in the closet or in the bathroom.
e. It’s perhaps in the closet; not in the bathroom.
Linking words I
• The variant sentences for “it’s no the closet. Not in the bathroom, either.” are
a. It’s neither in the closet nor in the bathroom.
b. It’s not in the closet; neither in the bathroom.
c. It’s not in the closet; but it’s in the bathroom.
d. It’s either in the closet or in the bathroom.
e. It’s perhaps in the closet; not in the bathroom.
Linking words II
1- Adversativas – (contraste de ideias)
• Expressam ideia adversativa, isto é, ligam ideias que se opõem.
• Ele não tinha nenhuma habilidade, mas conseguiu o emprego.
Linking words II
1 - Adversativas – (contraste de ideias)
• But
• However
• And (yet)
• Nevertheless (nonetheless)
Linking words II - Adversativas
Links Translation
But mas, porém
However Contudo, entretanto
And (yet) (e) contudo, (e) no entanto
Nevertheless / nonetheless
Não obstante, mesmo assim
Linking words II
• Examples:
• Ele não tinha nenhuma habilidade, mas conseguiu o emprego.
• He had no qualifications, however he got the job.
Linking words II
2- Consecutivas ou conclusivas – (consequência ou resultado)
• Expressam ideia de consequência ou resultado.
• As crianças estavam famintas, então eu comprei alguns sanduíches.
Linking words II
2- Consecutivas ou conclusivas – (consequência ou resultado)
• So
• Therefore
• Thus
• Consequently
• Then
• Hence
Linking words II - Consecutivas ou conclusivas
Links Translation
So Por isso, assim
Therefore Portanto
Thus Por isso
Consequently Consequentemente
Then Então
Hence Por isso, logo, daí
Linking words II
• Examples:
• As crianças estavam famintas, por isso eu comprei alguns sanduíches para elas.
• The kids were hungry, thus I bought some sandwiches for them.
Linking words II
3- Concessivas– (contraste)
• Expressam ideia de concessão.
• Apesar do perigo, ele estava calmo.
Linking words II
3- Concessivas – (contraste)
• Although
• Though
• Albeit
• Even though
• In spite of
• Regardless of
Linking words II - Concessivas
Links Translation
Although / Though / Albeit Embora – informal / formal
Even though
Muito embora
In spite of
Apesar de
Regardless of
Apesar de, independente de
Linking words II - Concessivas
• Examples:
• Although we were tired, we went.
• Embora nós estivéssemos cansados, nós
fomos.
• In spite of the danger, he was calm.
• Apesar do perigo, ele estava calmo.
Very important!!!
A - Todos os links citados anteriormente podem vir no início do período como entre duas orações.
• We went to the beach although we were tired.
• Although we were tired we went to the beach.
Very important!!!
B – Podemos também usar though no final de uma sentença (como advérbio).
• The house isn’t very nice. I like the gardem though.
• A casa não é muito bonita. Mesmo assim eu gostei do jardim.
Very important!!!
C – In spite of poderá vir seguido de substantivo / verbo no gerúndio / pronomes ou adjetivos possessivos.
• In spite of the rain.
• In spite of being alone.
Very important!!!
D – Usamos In spite of the fact that (apesar do fato de que) e despite of the fact that, quando seguindos de sujeito + verbo.
• Despite of the fact that it was raining....
• Apesar do fato de que estava chovendo...
Linking words II
4- Acréscimo – (adição)
• Expressam ideia de acréscimo, continuidade.
• Além de futebol, ele gosta de assistir tênis e basquetebol no tv.
Linking words II
4- Acréscimo – (adição)
• Besides
• Moreover
• Furthermore
• In addition
• What’s more
Linking words II - Acréscimo – (adição)
Links Translation
Besides Além disso / além de
Moreover Além disso
Furthermore Além disso, ademais
In addition Além disso, além de
What’s more Além do mais
Linking words II
• Examples:
• In addition to football, he enjoys watching tennis and basketball on TV.
• Além de futebol, ele gosta de assistir tênis e basquetebol no TV.
Linking words II
5 – Explicativas – (causa)
• Expressam ideia de explicação, da razão para algo.
• Como contém álcool, as crianças não deveriam beber.
Linking words II - Explicativas – (causa)
Links Translation
Because Porque
As Como
Since Já que, desde que
For Visto que, pois, por causa de
Linking words II - Exercises
• _________ Mozart was a genius, he died in poverty.
• Although – But - However
Linking words II - Exercises
• Although Mozart was a genius, he died in poverty
Linking words II - exercises
• Galileo was a great scientist. ________ he had a lot of trouble with the Holy Church.
• Although – In spite of – However
Linking words II - exercises
• Galileo was a great scientist. However he had a lot of trouble with the Holy Church.
Linking words II - exercises
• ______ doing the cooking I look after the garden.
• Besides – Yet – Thus
Linking words II - exercises
• Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden.
Linking words II - exercises
• _________ the hotels are very expensive, they are crowded.
• In order to – Even though – therefore
Linking words II - exercises
• Even though the hotels are very expensive, they are crowded.
Exercises on your book
• Pages 163, 164 , 165 and 166.