Linking cosmogenic 10 Be erosion-rate estimates with landscape variables: Compilation and...
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Transcript of Linking cosmogenic 10 Be erosion-rate estimates with landscape variables: Compilation and...
Linking cosmogenic 10Be erosion-rate estimates
with landscape variables:Compilation and consideration of multiple
data sets from around the world
Joanna M. Reuter1
Paul R. Bierman1, Milan J. Pavich2, Jennifer Larsen1, Robert C. Finkel3
1University of Vermont2USGS
3Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Funding: NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, USGS, University of Vermont, NSF EAR-0034447 & EAR-0310208
Regions with 10Be erosion rate data from sedimentPublished data from:Bierman and Caffee, 2001; Brown et al., 1995; Brown et al., 1998; Clapp et al., 2000; Clapp et al., 2002; Granger et al., 1996; Heimsath et al., 1997; Heimsath et al., 2001; Hewawasam, 2003; Kirchner et al., 2001; Matmon et al., 2003; Morel, 2003; Riebe et al., 2000; Riebe et al., 2003; Schaller et al., 2001; Vance et al., 2003
In press, in preparation, and unpublished data from:Bierman, Duncan, Johnsson, Nichols, Reuter, Safran
Erosion rates Landscape characteristics
• Tectonics• Topography• Climate• Vegetation• Lithology
Sediment yield
Cosmogenic 10Be in fluvial sediment
Low temperature thermochronology (apatite fission track, (U-Th)/He)ti
me
scal
e
Erosion rates– Sediment yield
Landscape characteristics
• Topography– Relief
from Ahnert, 1970Mean relief h (m)
Mea
n d
enu
dat
ion
rat
e d
(m
/1,0
00 y
ears
)
For example:
Erosion rates– 10Be in fluvial sediment
Landscape characteristics
• Topography– Relief
from Vance et al., 2003
For example:
Cosmic ray bombardment produces 10Be in quartz.
O 10Be
Quartz
Cosmic Rays
0
1
2
3
0 50 100% % %
Depth (meters)
Production Rate
10Be is a proxy for erosion rate.
Regions with 10Be erosion rate data from sedimentPublished data from:Bierman and Caffee, 2001; Brown et al., 1995; Brown et al., 1998; Clapp et al., 2000; Clapp et al., 2002; Granger et al., 1996; Heimsath et al., 1997; Heimsath et al., 2001; Hewawasam, 2003; Kirchner et al., 2001; Matmon et al., 2003; Morel, 2003; Riebe et al., 2000; Riebe et al., 2003; Schaller et al., 2001; Vance et al., 2003
In press, in preparation, and unpublished data from:Bierman, Duncan, Johnsson, Nichols, Reuter, Safran
10 KILOMETERS
Topography --
Tectonics -----
Climate ---------
Vegetation ----
SRTM and NED
Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Project
Leemans & Cramer
AVHRR Tree Cover
Topography --
Tectonics -----
Climate ---------
Vegetation ----
Lithology ------
SRTM and NED
Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Project
Leemans & Cramer
AVHRR Tree Cover
available in some regions, not globally
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
VR SS VR SH
10Be 10Be
10Beerosion
rate(meters/millionyears)
Lithology
Susquehanna River, USA
Sandstone Shale
Valley and Ridge samples
n = 17
n = 9
y = 57.25e0.0105x
R2 = 0.3462
1
10
100
1000
-100 -50 0 50 100RESIST SCORE
ER
OS
ION
RA
TE
, IN
ME
TE
RS
PE
R M
ILL
ION
YE
AR
S
Lithology
Rio Puerco, New Mexico, USA
10Be erosion rate (meters per million
years)
Score of erodibility
R2 = 0.35p < 0.001
Mean tree cover in basin (percent)1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Vegetation
Rio Puerco
Mean tree cover in basin (percent)1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Vegetation
n = 454
Mean annual precipitation in basin (millimeters)1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Climate
n = 454
Precipitation of 3 driest months/total precipitation
10B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Climate
uniformseasonal
n = 454
R2 = 0.37
p < 0.001
Relief from max-min elevation (meters) in 25 km2 cells1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Topography
n = 454
R2 = 0.42
p < 0.001
Mean slope of basin (degrees)1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Topography
n = 454
R2 = 0.39
p < 0.001
10B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs)
Mean basin elevation (meters)
Topography
n = 454
R2 = 0.44
p < 0.001
Peak ground acceleration (m/s2) with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years1
0B
e er
osi
on
rat
e (m
eter
s p
er m
illi
on
yea
rs) Tectonics
n = 454
R2 = 0.50
p < 0.001
Summary
LithologyRock Type (Susquehanna)
Erodibility metric (Rio Puerco)
No
Yes
Vegetation Tree cover No
Climate Mean annual precipitation
Seasonality of precipitation
No
Yes
TopographySlope
Relief
Elevation
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tectonics Seismic hazard assessment Yes
Relates to 10Be erosion rate?
Landscape characteristic Metric