Linear accelerator in medicine XR Tubes Particles Accelerators Betatron Cyclotron ...

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Linear accelerator in medicine Linear accelerator in medicine XR Tubes Particles Accelerators Betatron Cyclotron Synchrocyclotron Synchrotron Linear accelerator

Transcript of Linear accelerator in medicine XR Tubes Particles Accelerators Betatron Cyclotron ...

Page 1: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

Linear accelerator in medicineLinear accelerator in medicine

XR Tubes

Particles AcceleratorsBetatronCyclotronSynchrocyclotronSynchrotronLinear accelerator

Page 2: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

•Photon Beam (X-Ray):•4 MV To 22 MV.•Single Beam.•Duel Beams

•Electron Beam:•Multi-Beams with energy grope between: 4- 22 MeV.

Medical Linear accelerator Medical Linear accelerator

Page 3: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

Linac : Linac : Linear accelerator Linear accelerator The linear accelerator is a device that uses high-

frequency electromagnetic waves to accelerate charged particles such as electrons to high energies through a linear tube.

There are several types of linear accelerator designs, but the ones used in radiotherapy accelerate electrons either by traveling or stationary electromagnetic waves of frequency in microwave region (≈ 3000 megacycles/sec).

Page 4: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

The difference between traveling wave and The difference between traveling wave and stationary wave accelerators isstationary wave accelerators is

Fun

ctio

nall

y

the design of the accelerator structurethe design of the accelerator structure

the traveling wave structures require a terminating, or "dummy", load in order to absorb the residual power at the end of the structure,

the standing wave structures provide maximum reflection of the waves at both ends of the structure

thus preventing a backward reflected

wave

the combination of forward and reverse traveling waves will give rise to

stationary waves.

Page 5: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

Medical Linear accelerator Medical Linear accelerator

Treatment Head(Straight Beam)

Power Supply

Modulator

Electron Gun

MagnetronOr

Klystron

Wave Guide system

Treatment Head(Bent Beam)

Bending Magnet

Accelerator Tube

A block diagram of typical medical Linear Accelerator

Page 6: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

The major componentsThe major components of of medical Linear medical Linear AcceleratorAccelerator

Power Supply Modulator Magnetron Or Klystron Electron Gun Wave Guide system Accelerator Tube Bending Magnet Treatment Head (Straight Beam) Treatment Head (Bent Beam)

Page 7: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

Electron Gun

Flatining Filter Cros Section of Accelerator tube

Modulator

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A power supply Provides DC power to the modulator

Modulator

the magnetron or klystron

Deliver the pulses to the electron gun

Pu

lsed

mic

row

aves

the accelerator tube or structure via a waveguide systems.

elec

tron

s

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تصميم المسرعات الخطية الطبية تصميم المسرعات الخطية الطبية

Page 10: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

الحزمة لمحور مواٍز� التسريع الحزمة أنبوب لمحور مواٍز� التسريع أنبوب

Page 11: Linear accelerator in medicine  XR Tubes  Particles Accelerators  Betatron  Cyclotron  Synchrocyclotron  Synchrotron  Linear accelerator.

الحزمة محور مع متعامد التسريع الحزمة أنبوب محور مع متعامد التسريع أنبوب

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المعالجة غرفة خارج التسريع المعالجة أنبوب غرفة خارج التسريع أنبوب

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Linear acceleratorLinear accelerator

4 Groups

The accelerator The table The collimator

multilames Portale Imaging

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Electron Gun

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الخطي المسرع الرئيسية الخطي الأجزاء المسرع الرئيسية الأجزاء

مدفع اإللكترونات

ع �المسر

حزمة اإللكترونات

مجموعة اإلنحراف

الكهرطيسية

الـهدف

حجيرات التأين

المحددات

الحزمة اإلشعاعية

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آلية اصدار آلية اصدار المسرعالفوتوناتالفوتونات

حزمة اإللكترونات

الهدف

مرشح تسوية الحزمةحجيرة التأين

محددات الحزمةحزمة

الفوتونات

حامل الحمايات

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آلية اصدار آلية اصدار اإللكتروناتاإللكترونات

المسرع

حزمة اإللكترونات

وشائع التبعثر

حجيرة التأين

محددات الحزمة

حزمة اإللكترونات

محددات إضافية

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Siemens

Varian

Elekta