FIZIKMOZAC 2010

1CHAPTER 5: LIGHT

5.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT

1. Question 1: Johor 09Diagram 1 shows light rays parallel withthe principal axis directed to a concavemirror.

Diagram 1

(a) Complete the sentence below byticking (x) the correct box.

The light rays reflected by the mirrorwill :

Converge at a point F .........Diverge from a point F .........

(b) Complete the ray diagram onDiagram 1 and mark ‘F’ on theprincipla axis.

(c) What is the characteristics ofimage formed by the mirror inDiagram 1?

..........................................................

Diagram 1 shows light rays parallel withthe principal axis directed to a concave

Complete the sentence below byticking (x) the correct box.

y the mirror

Converge at a point F .........Diverge from a point F .........

[1 mark]Complete the ray diagram onDiagram 1 and mark ‘F’ on the

[1 mark]

What is the characteristics ofimage formed by the mirror in

..........................................................[2 marks]

2. An object is placed at a distance,u from a concave mirror, M. Thetable shows the characteristics ofimage , when the distance u isvaried.

a. Name the light phenomeinvolved to form the image by themirror.

_____________________________

Objectdistance , u/cm

ImageCharacteristics

10

20

30 Real, inverted, samesize as the object

40

b. Using the information in the table,determine the focal length of themirror M.

_____________________________

c. Give the reason for your answer in(b).

____________________________

d. Complete the table.e. An object is placed at a distance 50

cm from the concave mirror M.(i) Draw a ray diagram in the space

below to show the formation ofthe image.

An object is placed at a distance,u from a concave mirror, M. Thetable shows the characteristics ofimage , when the distance u is

Name the light phenomenon that isinvolved to form the image by the

_____________________________

ImageCharacteristics

Real, inverted, samesize as the object

Using the information in the table,length of the

_____________________________

Give the reason for your answer in

____________________________

An object is placed at a distance 50cm from the concave mirror M.

Draw a ray diagram in the spaceshow the formation of

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

3. Question 2: N9 08Diagram 1 shows the side mirrors of acar which helps the driver to seeobjects behind the car more effectively.

(a) State the type of mirror used.

.............................................................[1 mark]

(b) Give one reason why this type ofmirror is used instead of a planemirror.

..............................................................[1 mark]

(c) In Diagram 2, F is the focal pointand C is the centre of curvature of aconvex mirror.

(i) Complete the ray diagram inDiagram 2 to show the positionof the image formed.

[ 2 marks]

(ii) State two characteristics of theimage formed.

.........................................................

.........................................................[2 marks]

4. Question 3: Kedah 07Diagram 3.1 shows a mirror at thecorner of a shop.

Diagram 3.1

(a) Name the type of mirror shown inDiagram 3.1.

...............................................................[1 mark]

(b) Name one characteristic of theimage formed by the mirror.

................................................................ [1 mark]

(c) Sketch a ray diagram to show howthe image is formed.

[3 marks]

(d) What is the advantage of using thistype of mirror in the shop?

...............................................................[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

5. Question 6: SBP Final F4 08Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 show a virtualimage produced by a plane mirror anda convex mirror respectively.

(a) What is meant by virtual image?

............................................................

(b) Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram6.2,(i) compare the size of the image

.......................................................

(ii) state one other similarity of theimage formed besides virtual.

......................................................

(c) In Diagram 6.3, draw a ray diagramto show how the image in Diagram6.2 is formed.

Question 6: SBP Final F4 08Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 show a virtualimage produced by a plane mirror and

What is meant by virtual image?

............................................................[1 mark ]

Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram

(i) compare the size of the image

.................................[1 mark]

(ii) state one other similarity of theimage formed besides virtual.

......................................................[1 mark]

In Diagram 6.3, draw a ray diagramhe image in Diagram

[3 marks]

(d) Name the light phenomenon thatoccurs.

..........................................................

(e) State one advantage of usingconvex mirror as the sa car.

...............................................................

6. Question 7: Trengganu 07Diagram 7.1 shows two cars, P and Q ,travelling in the opposite directions,passing through a sharp band. A mirroris placed at X .

DIAGAM 7.1

(a) Diagram 7.2 shows an incompleteray diagram when a plane mirror isplaced at X.

Name the light phenomenon that

..............................................[1mark]

State one advantage of usingconvex mirror as the side mirror of

...............................................................[1mark]

Question 7: Trengganu 07Diagram 7.1 shows two cars, P and Q ,travelling in the opposite directions,passing through a sharp band. A mirror

DIAGAM 7.1

Diagram 7.2 shows an incompleteray diagram when a plane mirror is

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DIAGRAM 7.2

(i) Complete the ray diagram inDiagram 7.2

(ii) State the light phenomenoninvolved in (a)(i).

................................................

(iii) Based on your answer in (a)(i),state the problem experiencedby the driver in car P.

....................................................

....................................................

(b) Diagram 7.3 shows an incompleteray diagram when a curve mirror isplaced at X to replace the planemirror in Diagram 7.2. The curvemirror is used to overcome theproblem that occur in (a)(iii).

Complete the ray diagram in

[2 marks]

State the light phenomenon

..........................................[1 mark]

Based on your answer in (a)(i),state the problem experienced

car P.

....................................................

....................[1 mark]

Diagram 7.3 shows an incompleteray diagram when a curve mirror isplaced at X to replace the planemirror in Diagram 7.2. The curvemirror is used to overcome the

ur in (a)(iii).

DIAGRAM 7.3

(i) Give the name of the curvemirror.

....................................................

(ii) Complete the ray diagram inDiagram 7.3

(iii) Based on yourhow the curve mirror solvedthe problem in (a) (iii)?

....................................................

(c) The characteristics of the imageformed by the curved mirror inFigure 7.3 is diminished, virtualand upright.(i) What happen to the

characteristics of the imagewhen the focal length of thecurved mirror is increased?

.................................................

AGRAM 7.3

Give the name of the curve

....................................................[1 mark]

Complete the ray diagram in

[2 marks]

Based on your answer in b(ii),how the curve mirror solvedthe problem in (a) (iii)?

....................................................[1 mark]

The characteristics of the imageformed by the curved mirror inFigure 7.3 is diminished, virtual

happen to thecharacteristics of the imagewhen the focal length of the

mirror is increased?

.................................................[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(ii) Give the reason for youranswer in (c)(i).

........................................

5.2REFRACTION OF LIGHT

7. Diagram 2 shows a light raypassing through a glass prism.

(a) Name the phenomenon involved

........................................................

(b) Why does the phenomenon in (a)occur.

........................................................

(c) What is the refraction angle?

.......................................................

(d) Calculate the refractive index ofthe glass prism.

Give the reason for your

....................................................[1 mark]

Diagram 2 shows a light raypassing through a glass prism.

Name the phenomenon involved.

..................[1 mark]

Why does the phenomenon in (a)

...............................[1 mark]

What is the refraction angle?

.......................................................[1 mark]

Calculate the refractive index of

[2 marks]

8. Question 3: Melaka 07An observer is looking at a piece of coinat the bottom of a glass filled with wateras shown in Diagram3. He found thatthe image of the coin is nearer to thesurface of the water.

(a) (i) State a characteristic of image inDiagram 3.

.......................................................

(ii) Name the sciencephenomenon involve in theobservation above.

....................................................

(b) Explain why the image of thappears nearer to the surface ofthe water.

..........................................................

..........................................................

Question 3: Melaka 07An observer is looking at a piece of coinat the bottom of a glass filled with water

s shown in Diagram3. He found thatthe image of the coin is nearer to the

(i) State a characteristic of image in

.......................................................[1 mark]

(ii) Name the sciencephenomenon involve in theobservation above.

....................................................[1 mark]

Explain why the image of the coinappears nearer to the surface of

..........................................................

..........................................................[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c) On Diagram 3, complete the raydiagram from the coin to theobserver’s eye.

9. Question 5: Trengganu 08Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show anidentical pencil is immersed in thedistilled water and sea waterrespectively.

(a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram5.2,

(i) compare the bending of thepencil

......................................................

(ii) compare the density of distilledwater and the sea water

................................................

(iii) state the relationship betweenthe density of water with thebending of the pencil

..................................................

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1, comparethe size of the observed pencilinside and outside the distilledwater

........................................................

On Diagram 3, complete the rayiagram from the coin to the

[2 marks]

Question 5: Trengganu 08Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show anidentical pencil is immersed in the

m 5.1 and Diagram

compare the bending of the

......................................................[1 mark]

compare the density of distilledwater and the sea water

................................................[1 mark]

tate the relationship betweenthe density of water with thebending of the pencil

..................................................[1 mark]

Based on Diagram 5.1, comparethe size of the observed pencilinside and outside the distilled

..............................................[1 mark]

(c) Name the phenomenon shown inDiagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2

........................................................

(d) Underline the correct answer in thebracket to complete the sebelow.

Phenomenon in (d) happensbecause of the change in (velocity,frequency) of the light.

(e) Diagram 5.3 shows a coin in abeaker filled with water.In Diagram 5.3 , draw a ray diagramfrom a coin to the eye to show howthe image of the coin is formed.

10.Question 5: SBP 08Diagram 5.1 shows a student watchinga container filled with water. He looksvertically down at an object placed atthe bottom of the container. He noticesthat the object appears to be nearer tohim than it really is.

The water in the container is thenreplaced with liquid X which is denserthan water and the students repeatedhis experiment.

Name the phenomenon shown inDiagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2

........................................................[1 mark]

Underline the correct answer in thebracket to complete the sentence

Phenomenon in (d) happensbecause of the change in (velocity,frequency) of the light.

[1 mark]

Diagram 5.3 shows a coin in abeaker filled with water.In Diagram 5.3 , draw a ray diagram

m a coin to the eye to show howthe image of the coin is formed.

Question 5: SBP 08Diagram 5.1 shows a student watchinga container filled with water. He looksvertically down at an object placed atthe bottom of the container. He notices

ct appears to be nearer to

The water in the container is thenreplaced with liquid X which is denserthan water and the students repeated

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

He estimates the real and apparentdepth of the water and liquid Xrespectively and plots a graph using hisexperimental results as shown inDiagram 5.2.

a. Based on Diagram 5.2, comparethe gradient of the graph.

.............................................................

b. Compare the refractive index ofwater and liquid X.

.............................................................

c. Relate the density of liquid with therefractive index.

.............................................................

d. Calculate refractive index of theliquid X.

e. Name the phenomenon involve.

.............................................................

f. What happen to the wavelength oflight as it leaves the water?

.............................................................

He estimates the real and apparentdepth of the water and liquid X

y and plots a graph using hisexperimental results as shown in

Based on Diagram 5.2, comparethe gradient of the graph.

.............................................................[1 mark]

Compare the refractive index of

.............................................................[1 mark]

Relate the density of liquid with the

.............................................................[1 mark]

Calculate refractive index of the

[2 marks]Name the phenomenon involve.

.............................................................[1 mark]

What happen to the wavelength oflight as it leaves the water?

....................................[1 mark]

g. If the student repeated theexperiment above usingblock, instead of water, comparethe size of the image seeing fromthe glass block to that of water inDiagram 5.1

.............................................................

.............................................................

11.Question 5: Kedah 09Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of lightentering from air into water.Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of lightentering from air into glass.

(a) (i) Compare the speed of light inwater with the speed of light inair.

.......................................................

f the student repeated theexperiment above using a glassblock, instead of water, comparethe size of the image seeing fromthe glass block to that of water in

.............................................................

.............................................................[1 mark]

Question 5: Kedah 09Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of light

air into water.Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of lightentering from air into glass.

(i) Compare the speed of light inwater with the speed of light in

.......................................................[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(ii) Compare the speed of light inglass with the speed of light inair.

..........................................................[1 mark]

(iii) State the relationship betweenthe speed of light in a mediumand the direction of bending oflight in that medium.

......................................................[1 mark]

(iv) Name the phenomenon shownin Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2

......................................................[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 5.3 shows a point P at thebottom of a swimming pool appearsto be at the point Q to the observer.(i) complete Diagram 5.3 by

drawing light rays to show howthe image of the point P is seenat Q.

[2 marks](ii) Calculate the refractive index of

the water in the swimming pool.[2 marks]

5.3 TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION

12.Question 4: MARA 09Diagram 4.1 shows a light ray incidentinto a glass block.

(e) (i) Based on Diagram 4.1, the angleof 42˚ is known as ........................

[1 mark](ii) Calculate the refractive index

for the glass block.[2 marks]

(b) The light ray is adjusted so that theangle at M is now 48˚, as shown inDiagram 4.2.

(i) On Diagram 4.2, complete thepathway for the light ray.

[1 mark](ii) Explain your answer in 4(b)(i).

...................................................[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c) Diagram 4.3 shows a light raypropagating into a glass block.(i) On Diagram 4.3, complete the

propagation of the light ray.

(ii) What happens to the angle ofrefraction if a denser glassblock is used?

...................................................

13.Question 4: Trengganu 07Diagram 4.1 shows a ray of light travelsfrom air to water.Diagram 4.2 shows a ray of light travelsfrom air to a thick glass block.The refractive index of water and glassis 1.33 and 1.50 respectively

(a) What is meant by refractive index?

.....................................................................

(b) In Diagram 4.1, the ray in the water isbent toward normal at a certainangle.

Diagram 4.3 shows a light raypropagating into a glass block.

On Diagram 4.3, complete thepropagation of the light ray.

[1 mark]

What happens to the angle ofrefraction if a denser glass

...................................[1 mark]

Question 4: Trengganu 07Diagram 4.1 shows a ray of light travels

.2 shows a ray of light travels.

The refractive index of water and glass

What is meant by refractive index?

.....................................................................[1 mark]

In Diagram 4.1, the ray in the water ismal at a certain

(i) In the glass block in Diagram 4.2,draw the refracted ray.

(ii) Why the angle in the glassdifferent from the water.

...........................................................

...........................................................

(c) Diagram 4.3 shows a diamond witha carefully cut faces and give thediamond its sparkle.Diagram 4.4 shows entering lightinto the diamond

(i) Complete the ray in Diagram 4.4.[ 1 mark

(ii) Give one reason for your answer in(c) (i).

..............................................................

..............................................................

(d) If the refractive index of a diamondis 2.40 calculate the critical angle ofthe diamond.

i) In the glass block in Diagram 4.2,draw the refracted ray.

[1 mark ]ii) Why the angle in the glass blocks

different from the water.

...............................

...........................................................[ 1 mark ]

Diagram 4.3 shows a diamond witha carefully cut faces and give thediamond its sparkle.Diagram 4.4 shows entering light

Complete the ray in Diagram 4.4.mark ]

Give one reason for your answer in

..............................................................

..............................................................[ 1 mark ]

(d) If the refractive index of a diamondis 2.40 calculate the critical angle of

[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

14.Figure 5 shows two glass prismswith right angle are being used ina binocular.

(i) On the diagram, complete thelight ray until it reaches theobserver.

(ii) State the characteristic of theimage in a binocular.

_____________________________

(iii)Give advantages of using abinocular instead of a telescope.

_____________________________

____________________________

15.Question 2: Johor 08Diagram 2.1 shows a driver that isdriving under a hot sun, sees a pool ofwater appearing on the road ahead, butthe pool of water disappears as the carapproaches it.

Diagram 2.1

Figure 5 shows two glass prismswith right angle are being used in

On the diagram, complete thentil it reaches the

State the characteristic of the

_____________________________

Give advantages of using abinocular instead of a telescope.

_____________________________

_____________________________

Diagram 2.1 shows a driver that ishot sun, sees a pool of

appearing on the road ahead, butthe pool of water disappears as the car

(a) Name this natural phenomenonas observed by the driver.

..........................................................

(b) State the physics concept that isinvolved in this phenomenon.

..........................................................

(c) (i) How is the density of the coolair compare to the density ofthe warm air?

....................................................

(ii) When light rays propagatesfrom a denser medium to a

less dense medium, state whathappen to the direction of therefracted rays.

....................................................

(iii) Complete Diagram 2.2 toshow the formation of thenatural phenomenon asshown in Diagram 2.1.

Diagram 2.2

Name this natural phenomenonhe driver.

..........................................................[1 mark]

the physics concept that isinvolved in this phenomenon.

..........................................................[1 mark]

(i) How is the density of the coolair compare to the density of

....................................................[1 mark]

When light rays propagatesfrom a denser medium to a

less dense medium, state whathappen to the direction of therefracted rays.

....................................................[1 mark]

Complete Diagram 2.2 toshow the formation of thenatural phenomenon asshown in Diagram 2.1.

Diagram 2.2

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

16.Figure 6 shows an optical fibre. Itconsists of two layers which aremade of material P and Q. P andQ are of different opticaldensities.

a. Name the light phenomenaobserved in optical fibre.

...............................................................

b. Which material(i) is optically denser?

__________________________

(ii) Has a higher refractive index?

__________________________

(c) The refractive index of inner coreY is 2.10. Calculate the criticalangle of the inner core Y.

[ 2

(d) State one use of optical fibre in(i) medical field

_____________________________

(ii)communication

____________________________

Figure 6 shows an optical fibre. Itconsists of two layers which aremade of material P and Q. P and

of different optical

Name the light phenomenaobserved in optical fibre.

...............................................................

__________________________

Has a higher refractive index?

____________________

The refractive index of inner coreY is 2.10. Calculate the criticalangle of the inner core Y.

[ 2 marks ]

fibre in

_____________________________

____________________________

5.4 LENSES

17.Figure 1.1 shows an object Xplaced in front of a convex lens.

(i) Draw a ray diagram to show theformation of imageby the lens.

(ii) State three characteristics of theimage formed by the convex lens.

(b) Figure 7.2 shows an object Y placedin front of a concave lens.

(i) Draw a ray diagram to show theformation of image of the object Yby the lens.

(ii) State three characteristics of theimage formed by the concavelens.

________________________

Figure 1.1 shows an object Xplaced in front of a convex lens.

Draw a ray diagram to show theformation of image of the object X

State three characteristics of theimage formed by the convex lens.

Figure 7.2 shows an object Y placedin front of a concave lens.

Draw a ray diagram to show theformation of image of the object Y

ee characteristics of theimage formed by the concave

________________________

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

18.Figure 2 shows two parallel lightrays enter a convex lens and thenconverge at the other side of thelens.

Figure 2

(a) Where is position of the object?

________________________

(b) State three characteristics of theimage formed by the lens.

________________________

(c) What is the focal length of the lens?

(d) An object with a height of 4 cm isplaced at a distance 15 cm in frontof the lens. Find

(i) object distance

(ii) height of the image

(iii) characteristics of the image

_____________________

Iv) A light bulb is put in front of thelens. Parallel light rays emergefrom the lens. Where is theposition of the light bulb?

________________________

Figure 2 shows two parallel lightrays enter a convex lens and thenconverge at the other side of the

(a) Where is position of the object?

________________________

(b) State three characteristics of the

________________________

(c) What is the focal length of the lens?

(d) An object with a height of 4 cm isplaced at a distance 15 cm in front

characteristics of the image

_____________________

Iv) A light bulb is put in front of thelens. Parallel light rays emergefrom the lens. Where is the

on of the light bulb?

________________________

19.Question 2: SBP 08Diagram 2 shows an object is placed infront of a convex lens on the principalaxis. F is the focal point of the lens.

(a) What is meant by focal length?

..........................................................

(b) Using the information in diagram2,calculate the image distance.

(c) (i) Complete the diagram 1 todetermine the position ofimage form.

(ii) State the characteristic of theimage form.

....................................................

Question 2: SBP 08Diagram 2 shows an object is placed infront of a convex lens on the principalaxis. F is the focal point of the lens.

What is meant by focal length?

..........................................................[1 mark]

Using the information in diagram2,calculate the image distance.

[2 marks]

Complete the diagram 1 todetermine the position ofimage form.

[1 mark]

State the characteristic of the

....................................................[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

20.Figure 3 shows a convex lenswhich has a focal length of 15.0cm. An object is placed at adistance 20 cm in front of thelens.

Figure 3

(a) (i) complete the ray diagram.Determine the position of theimage.

(ii)State the characteristics of theimage.

_______________________

(b) Calculate the image distance.

(c) Find linear magnification of theimage.

(d) The convex lens is replaced by aconcave lens which also has afocal length of 15 cm. State anychanges in the characteristics ofthe image formed by the concavelens.

___________________________

21.Question 6: Mid Melaka 09Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show lightrays from two identical objects passingthrough the convex lenses, M and N.Both of the lenses produce virtualimages. F is the focal point of each lens.

Diagram 6.1

Diagram 6.2

(a) What is meant by virtual image?

……………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 6.1 and Diagram6.2. State the difference between:(i) size of image produced by the

lenses.

……………………………………..[1 mark]

(ii) the object distance ,u.

....................................................[1 mark]

(iii) the image distance , v.

……………………………………..[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c) State the relationship between theimage size and the image distanceof the lens

...............................................................

(d) Based on the answers in 6 (b) and6(c), write an equation to show therelationship between themagnification of the image, mobject distance, u and the imagedistance, v.

……………………………………………..

(e) Half of lens M in Diagram 6.1 iscovered with a piece of black paper.

(i) What happen to the image producedby lens M.

……………………………………………

(ii) Explain your answer in 6 (e) (i).

……………………………………………

22.Question 8: Kelantan 08Diagram 8 shows an object, O withheight 2 cm placed on the left side of aconvex lens X. The focal length of theconvex lens is 10 cm.

(a) In Diagram 8 draw the ray pathfrom the object to form an image.

State the relationship between theimage size and the image distance

...............................................................[1 mark]

Based on the answers in 6 (b) andte an equation to show the

magnification of the image, m ,object distance, u and the image

……………………………………………..[1 mark]

(e) Half of lens M in Diagram 6.1 iscovered with a piece of black paper.

What happen to the image produced

……………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer in 6 (e) (i).

……………………………………………[1 mark]

Question 8: Kelantan 08Diagram 8 shows an object, O withheight 2 cm placed on the left side of aconvex lens X. The focal length of the

In Diagram 8 draw the ray pathject to form an image.

[2 marks]

(b) State the characteristics of theimage formed.

............................................................

(c) If the object is placed at a distance30 cm from the lens, calculate:(i) The image distance

(ii) Linear magnification

(d) You are given another convex lens,Y with focal length 50 cm. You arerequired to create a simpleastronomical telescope usingconvex lenses X and Y.(i) Which lens is suitable to be

objective lens and eyepiece?

Objective lens:…………….

Eyepiece lens: ……………

(ii) Give one reason to youranswer in (d)(i)

…………………………………….

(e) Draw the arrangement of thelenses and sketch the ray pathfrom distance object usingconvex lenses X and Y to form asimple astronomical telescope.

State the characteristics of the

............................................................[1 mark]

bject is placed at a distance30 cm from the lens, calculate:

The image distance

[2 marks]Linear magnification

[1 mark]

You are given another convex lens,focal length 50 cm. You are

required to create a simpleastronomical telescope usingconvex lenses X and Y.

Which lens is suitable to beobjective lens and eyepiece?

Objective lens:…………….

Eyepiece lens: ……………[2 marks]

Give one reason to youranswer in (d)(i)

…………………………………….[1 mark]

Draw the arrangement of thelenses and sketch the ray pathfrom distance object usingconvex lenses X and Y to form asimple astronomical telescope.

[3 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

23.Conceptual: Kelantan 08Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 show tworectangular glass blocks with differentoptical density and refractive inRay of light is directed toward the glassblocks with the same angle of incidence30˚.

Based on Diagram 9.2 and 9.3,(i) Compare the densities of the

glass blocks.(ii) Compare the refractive index

of the glass blocks.(iii) Compare the angle of

refraction of the glass blocks.(iv) Relate the angle of refraction,

r and the density of the glassblocks.

(v) Relate the angle of refraction,r and the refractive index ofthe glass blocks.

[5 marks]

Conceptual: Kelantan 08Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 show tworectangular glass blocks with differentoptical density and refractive index.Ray of light is directed toward the glassblocks with the same angle of incidence

Based on Diagram 9.2 and 9.3,Compare the densities of the

Compare the refractive index

Compare the angle ofe glass blocks.

Relate the angle of refraction,r and the density of the glass

Relate the angle of refraction,r and the refractive index of

[5 marks]

24.Conceptual : Perak 07Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of light rayenter a rectangular glass block andDiagram 9.2 the light ray enter a prismat right angle. Both the block cause thelight ray to change its direction.

Diagram 9.1

Diagram 9.2

(i) Name the phenomena?

(ii) With reference to diagram 9.1and 9.2 compare the angles ofthe rays in both blocks .Relate all the angles indiagram 9.2 to show therelationship with refractiveindex of the glass block.State one condition for theabove phenomena to occur.

Conceptual : Perak 07ram 9.1 shows a ray of light ray

enter a rectangular glass block andDiagram 9.2 the light ray enter a prismat right angle. Both the block cause the

its direction.

Diagram 9.1

Diagram 9.2

Name the phenomena?[ 1 mark]

With reference to diagram 9.1and 9.2 compare the angles ofthe rays in both blocks .Relate all the angles in

iagram 9.2 to show therelationship with refractiveindex of the glass block.State one condition for theabove phenomena to occur.

[5 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

25.Conceptual: Johor 08Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show atransparent block made of a materialwith a different refractive index. A lightray travel in both blocks with the sameincident angle, i.

(i) What is meant by a refractiveindex?

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,compare the refractive index,refraction angle and critical anglebetween the two blocks.Base on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram9.2, relate the refractive index withcritical angle.

26.Conceptual: Melaka 08Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 showparallel light rays passing throughconvex lenses J and K. F is theprinciple focus and O is the opticalcentre .

(i) What is meant by principle focus ?

(ii) Based on Diagrams 9.1 and 9.2 ,compare the thickness of the convexlenses J and K and the effect on therefracted light rays. State the

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show atransparent block made of a material

rent refractive index. A lightray travel in both blocks with the same

What is meant by a refractiveindex?

[1 mark]

and Diagram 9.2,compare the refractive index,refraction angle and critical angle

Base on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram9.2, relate the refractive index withcritical angle.

[5 marks]

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 showparallel light rays passing throughconvex lenses J and K. F is theprinciple focus and O is the optical

What is meant by principle focus ?[1 mark]

Based on Diagrams 9.1 and 9.2 ,compare the thickness of the convexlenses J and K and the effect on the

cted light rays. State the

relationship between the thicknessof the lens and the focal length.

27.Conceptual: Melaka 08Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 showlight rays from two identical objectspassing through a convex lens.Bothsituations produce real images. F is thefocal point for the convex lens

(i) What is meant by real image?

(ii) Based on Diagram 10.1 and Diagram10.2, compare the object distance,the image distance aimage. Relate the size of the imagewith the image distance to make adeduction regarding the relationshipbetween the object distance and thesize of the image.

relationship between the thicknessof the lens and the focal length.

[5 marks]Conceptual: Melaka 08

Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 showlight rays from two identical objectspassing through a convex lens.Bothsituations produce real images. F is thefocal point for the convex lens

What is meant by real image?[1 mark]

Based on Diagram 10.1 and Diagram10.2, compare the object distance,the image distance and the size ofimage. Relate the size of the imagewith the image distance to make adeduction regarding the relationshipbetween the object distance and thesize of the image.

[5 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

28.Conceptual: SBP 08A student used a slide projector to viewthe image from the slide.When the slide is place nearer to thelens the sharp image form on thescreen as shown in Diagram 9.1.When the slide is place further from thelens the sharp image form on thescreen as shown in Diagram 9.2.

Based on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,compare the object distance, the imagedistance and size of image that formedon the screen.Relate the object distance to the imagedistance and the object distance to thesize of image that formed on the screen.

[ 5 marks

29.Understanding: SBP 08Diagram 10.3 shows a dentist used amirror to examine a tooth of a

Diagram 10.3

A student used a slide projector to view

When the slide is place nearer to thelens the sharp image form on thescreen as shown in Diagram 9.1.When the slide is place further from thelens the sharp image form on thescreen as shown in Diagram 9.2.

agram 9.2,compare the object distance, the imagedistance and size of image that formed

Relate the object distance to the imagedistance and the object distance to thesize of image that formed on the screen.

5 marks ]

Diagram 10.3 shows a dentist used amirror to examine a tooth of a patient.

(i) State the type of mirror used by thedentist.

(ii) Draw the ray diagram to show thecharacteristic of image seen bydentist.

30.Understanding: Melaka 08Describe how you estimate the focallength of a convex lens.

31.Understanding: Kelantan 08Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of lightdirected perpendicularly at a side of thesemi circular glass block. The raypasses through the glass block to apoint O before leaving the glass block.The angle of incidence in the glassblock is 30˚.

(a) What is meant by angle ofincidence?

(b) Explain how total internalreflection occurs in Diagram 9.1above.

State the type of mirror used by thedentist.

[1 mark]

Draw the ray diagram to show theracteristic of image seen by the

[3 marks]

Understanding: Melaka 08Describe how you estimate the focallength of a convex lens.

[4 marks]

Understanding: Kelantan 08Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of lightdirected perpendicularly at a side of thesemi circular glass block. The raypasses through the glass block to apoint O before leaving the glass block.

dence in the glass

What is meant by angle of

[1 mark]Explain how total internalreflection occurs in Diagram 9.1

[4 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

32. Understanding: Johor 08(i) State two conditions under which

light ray would undergo total internalreflection.

(ii) Diagram 9.3 shows a light ray isincident on a piece of Crown Glassof critical angle 42°.Draw the light ray to show how a rayemerging from the Crown Glass

33.Understanding: SBP 08

While driving a car on a hot day, youmay see a mirage on the road. Explainhow mirage occurred.

[ 4 marks

34.Understanding: Perak 07Explain why a fish in a pond able to seeobjects around him although there areobstacles.

Understanding: Johor 08State two conditions under whichlight ray would undergo total internalreflection.

[2 marks]

Diagram 9.3 shows a light ray isincident on a piece of Crown Glass

Draw the light ray to show how a rayemerging from the Crown Glass

[2 marks]

ng a car on a hot day, youa mirage on the road. Explain

4 marks ]

Understanding: Perak 07Explain why a fish in a pond able to seeobjects around him although there are

[4 marks]

35.Understanding: Kedah 07With the help of a diagram, explain theworking principle of an optical fibre.

36.Understanding: MRSM 07Figure 11.1 shows the top view positionof a car driver, the car’s side mirror andthe front of a lorry which isthe car.

(i) Name the type of mirror used for theside mirror in Figure 11.1.

(ii) Explain why the mirror in Figure11.1 is used instead of other typesof mirror.

(iii) The focal length of the side mirrorin Figure 11.1 is 5 cm. An objectwith a height of 3 cm is placed 6 cmin front of the mirror. Using a scaleof 1:1, draw a ray diagram to showhow the image of the object isformed.

Understanding: Kedah 07With the help of a diagram, explain theworking principle of an optical fibre.

[4 marks]

Understanding: MRSM 07Figure 11.1 shows the top view positionof a car driver, the car’s side mirror andthe front of a lorry which is overtaking

Name the type of mirror used for theside mirror in Figure 11.1.

[1 mark]

Explain why the mirror in Figure11.1 is used instead of other types

[3 marks]

The focal length of the side mirrorin Figure 11.1 is 5 cm. An objectwith a height of 3 cm is placed 6 cmin front of the mirror. Using a scaleof 1:1, draw a ray diagram to showhow the image of the object is

[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

37.Understanding: Johor 07Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2 showstwo incomplete periscopes R and S.Periscope R uses two plane mirrors toreflect the light.Periscope S uses two prisms to enabletotal internal reflection of light.

(a) Which periscope produces clearerimage? Give a reason for yourchoice.

(b) Complete the diagrams beloshow the positions of the planemirrors in periscope R and theprisms in periscope S.Draw the ray diagram to show thereflection of light in periscopes Rand S.State a condition that enable totalinternal reflection of light in theprism of the periscope S.

Understanding: Johor 07Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2 showstwo incomplete periscopes R and S.Periscope R uses two plane mirrors to

Periscope S uses two prisms to enableal reflection of light.

Which periscope produces clearerimage? Give a reason for yourchoice.

[2 marks]

Complete the diagrams below toshow the positions of the planemirrors in periscope R and the

Draw the ray diagram to show thereflection of light in periscopes R

State a condition that enable totalinternal reflection of light in the

38.Qualitative problem: Perak 07You are given two right angles prismsto build a periscope.

(i) Explain how you are going tobuild a simple periscope[6 marks ]

(ii) Suggest modification to bemade to convert the periscopeto binoculars

39.Qualitative problem: Johor 08Diagram 9.4 shows the structure of anoptical fibre used intelecommunications.

Optical fibres are made of fine strandsof glass. Each single glass fibre (innercore) is coated with a thin layer ofanother type of glass (outercladding).You are required to give somesuggestions in designing an opticalfibre which can carry more information.Explain your suggestions base on thefollowing aspects:

[5 marks]

Qualitative problem: Perak 07n two right angles prisms

Explain how you are going tobuild a simple periscope

Suggest modification to bemade to convert the periscopeto binoculars

[ 4 marks ]

Qualitative problem: Johor 08Diagram 9.4 shows the structure of anoptical fibre used in

Optical fibres are made of fine strandsof glass. Each single glass fibre (innercore) is coated with a thin layer ofanother type of glass (outercladding).You are required to give somesuggestions in designing an optical

arry more information.Explain your suggestions base on the

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(i) refractive index of the inner andouter glass

(ii) the properties of material used foroptical fibre

(iii) the thickness of the glass

[10 marks]

40.Qualitative problem: SBP 08Diagram 9.5 shows a simpleastronomical telescope.

By using two prism and a telescope inDiagram 9.5, suggest modification thatcan be done to make a binocular.

In your explanation,(i) draw the arrangement of the prisms

and lenses draw ray diagram toexplain how the image form

(ii) state two advantages usingbinocular compared to telescopewhen observing far object on theground.

[ 10 marks

41.Qualitative problem: Melaka 08You are given two convex lenses, R andS, with focal lengths of 40 cmrespectively. Both the lenses are usedto build a compound microscope.

(i) Using the two lenses, explain howyou would build a compoundmicroscope.

refractive index of the inner and

the properties of material used for

[10 marks]

Qualitative problem: SBP 08

By using two prism and a telescope inDiagram 9.5, suggest modification thatcan be done to make a binocular.

draw the arrangement of the prismsdraw ray diagram to

in how the image form

state two advantages usingbinocular compared to telescopewhen observing far object on the

10 marks ]

Qualitative problem: Melaka 08You are given two convex lenses, R andS, with focal lengths of 40 cm and 10 cmrespectively. Both the lenses are usedto build a compound microscope.

Using the two lenses, explain howyou would build a compoundmicroscope.

[6 marks]

(ii) Suggest a suitable opticmodify the microscope you built in(c)(i) to produce brighter image.

(iii) Suggest and explain a method toproduce a bigger image in thecompound microscope.

42.Making Decision: Johor 07Diagram 11.3, 11.4 and 11.5 show thereflection of light by three types ofmirrors

As a scout, you intend to design a solarcooker that can be used to boil waterusing direct sun light.Diagram 11.6 shows three differentdesign of the solar cooker.

(a) Choose the most suitable designin Diagram11.6 that can boiledwater in the shortest time andexplain the suitability of thedesign.

Suggest a suitable optical device tomodify the microscope you built in(c)(i) to produce brighter image.

[2 marks]

(iii) Suggest and explain a method toproduce a bigger image in thecompound microscope.

[2 marks]

Making Decision: Johor 07Diagram 11.3, 11.4 and 11.5 show thereflection of light by three types of

As a scout, you intend to design a solarcooker that can be used to boil water

hows three differentdesign of the solar cooker.

Choose the most suitable designin Diagram11.6 that can boiledwater in the shortest time andexplain the suitability of the

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(b) Suggest and explain two ways toimprove the design you c(a).

(c) Give two reasons why the abovesolar cooker is said to beenvironmental friendly?

(d) Give two reasons why the solarenergy is not widely used?

[10

43.Making Decision: Kedah 07Table 11.1 shows 5 materials which canbe used to make an optical fibre.

(i) Write an equation for finding therefractive index of a material in termof velocity of light?

(ii) You are asked to investigatethe characteristics of thematerials in Table 11.1 whichcould be used to make the opticalfibre.Explain the suitability of eachcharacteristic and hence,determine the most suitablematerial to be used to make theoptical fibre.Give a reason for your c

[10

Suggest and explain two ways toimprove the design you chose in

Give two reasons why the abovesolar cooker is said to beenvironmental friendly?

Give two reasons why the solarenergy is not widely used?

[10 marks]

Making Decision: Kedah 07Table 11.1 shows 5 materials which canbe used to make an optical fibre.

inding therefractive index of a material in term

[1 mark]

You are asked to investigatecharacteristics of the

materials in Table 11.1 whichcould be used to make the optical

Explain the suitability of eachcharacteristic and hence,determine the most suitablematerial to be used to make the

Give a reason for your choice.

[10 marks]

44.Making Decision: MRSM 07You are asked to investigate thefeatures of optical fibres for the designof an endoscope for medical imaging.Figure 11.2 below shows the parts of anoptical fibre.

P QRefractiveindex ofOutercore

1.5 1.6

RefractiveIndex ofInnerCore

1.6 1.5

Flexibility High Low

Diameterof fibre(mm)

1.00 1.00

(i) Based on the Table above, explainthe suitable features of thefibres and then determine the mostsuitable optical fibre that can beused to design the endoscope.Give reasons for your choice.

(ii) Figure 11.3 shows an endoscope.At the two ends of the endoscare two lenses. One is theobjective lens, the other is the eyepiece.

Making Decision: MRSM 07You are asked to investigate thefeatures of optical fibres for the designof an endoscope for medical imaging.Figure 11.2 below shows the parts of an

R S

1.6 1.5 1.6

1.5 1.6 1.5

Low High low

1.00 0.01 0.01

Based on the Table above, explainthe suitable features of the opticalfibres and then determine the mostsuitable optical fibre that can beused to design the endoscope.Give reasons for your choice.

[8 marks]

Figure 11.3 shows an endoscope.At the two ends of the endoscopeare two lenses. One is theobjective lens, the other is the eye

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

State the function of the two lenses.

45.Quantitative problem: MRSM 07An object is placed 30 cm from aconvex lens of focal length 10 cm.

(i) Calculate the image distance

(ii) Calculate the linearmagnification for the image.

46.Quantitative problem: Kedah 07Diagram 11.1 shows a coin at thebottom of a tall empty cup.Diagram 11.2 shows the coin at thebottom of the cup when the cup is filledwith water

Diagram 11.1 Diagram 11.2

(i) Compare the size of the coin inDiagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2, asseen by an observer above the cup.State the phenomenon that causedthe difference in size of the coin inseen in Diagram 11.1 and Diagram11.2.

State the function of the two lenses.[2 marks]

Quantitative problem: MRSM 07An object is placed 30 cm from a

ens of focal length 10 cm.Calculate the image distance

magnification for the image.[5 marks]

Quantitative problem: Kedah 07Diagram 11.1 shows a coin at the

Diagram 11.2 shows the coin at thebottom of the cup when the cup is filled

Diagram 11.1 Diagram 11.2

Compare the size of the coin inDiagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2, asseen by an observer above the cup.

phenomenon that causedthe difference in size of the coin inseen in Diagram 11.1 and Diagram

[2 marks]

(ii) The depth of water in Diagram 11.2 is16 cm. Calculate the apparent depthof the coin when viewed dirfrom above by the observer.

[Refractive index of water =

(iii) Suggest one method that willmake the coin appear nearer to theobserver than in (b)(i).

47.Section B: Kelantan 09Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 showparallel rays are directed towards thelenses P and Q with focal point F.

(a) What is meant by focal point?

The depth of water in Diagram 11.2 is16 cm. Calculate the apparent depthof the coin when viewed directlyfrom above by the observer.

[Refractive index of water =3

4]

[2 marks]Suggest one method that willmake the coin appear nearer to theobserver than in (b)(i).

[1 mark]

Section B: Kelantan 09Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 showparallel rays are directed towards thelenses P and Q with focal point F.

What is meant by focal point?[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(b) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,compare the thickness, the focallength and power of the lens.Relate the thickness of the lens withthe focal length to make adeduction regarding therelationship between thickness ofthe lens and the power of lens.

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows lens P is usedas a magnifying glass.

(i) At which position the objectshould be placed so that lensP will acts as a magnifyingglass?

(ii) Draw a ray diagram to showthe formation of image formedby lens P in Diagram 9.3

(d) Diagram 9.4 shows a compoundmicroscope

1 and Diagram 9.2,compare the thickness, the focallength and power of the lens.Relate the thickness of the lens withthe focal length to make a

relationship between thickness ofthe lens and the power of lens.

[5 marks]

Diagram 9.3 shows lens P is used

At which position the objectshould be placed so that lensP will acts as a magnifying

Draw a ray diagram to showthe formation of image formedby lens P in Diagram 9.3

[4 marks]

Diagram 9.4 shows a compound

Using an appropriate physics concept,suggest and explain suitablemodifications or ways to enable themicroscope to increase its efficienand to form a brighter and clear image.Your modification can be emphasizedon the following aspects:

- The selection of lens as objectivelens and as an eyepiece

- The position of the object- The position of the eyepiece lens- The distance between the

objective lens and eyepiece- Condition of the place to store

the microscope.

48.Section B: Melaka 09Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show lightrays travel from glass to air. Theincidence rays traveleare at different angle. The critical angleof the glass is 420.

Using an appropriate physics concept,suggest and explain suitablemodifications or ways to enable themicroscope to increase its efficiencyand to form a brighter and clear image.Your modification can be emphasizedon the following aspects:

The selection of lens as objectivelens and as an eyepieceThe position of the objectThe position of the eyepiece lensThe distance between the

ective lens and eyepieceCondition of the place to store

[10 marks]

Section B: Melaka 09Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show lightrays travel from glass to air. Theincidence rays traveled into the glassare at different angle. The critical angle

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(a) (i) What is meant by critical angle?

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,compare the size of the incidentangles and the effect of theseincident angles towards thepropagation of light rays produced.Relate the size of the angle with thecritical angle to make a deductionregarding the relationship todeduce a relevant physics concept.

[5 marks ]

(b) It is known that the sky is redduring sunset and theformation of rainbow on the skyalways appeared after raining.Explain these phenomena.

[4 marks ]

(c) You are given two type of glasswith different refractive index .Both glasses are used to build anoptical fiber. The structure of thisoptical fiber is shown on Diagram9.2.

Diagram 9.2

(i) By combining the two types ofglasses, explain how you aregoing to build the optical fiberin telecommunication anddescribe the working principleof the optical fiber.

[6 marks]

(ii) Suggest modification that needsto be done so that your opticalfiber can be use in an endoscopefor medical imaging. Yourmodification should base on thefeatures of the optical fiber andthe flexibility of the fiber optic.

[4 marks]