Life Stages. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT n Begins with birth n Ends with death.
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Transcript of Life Stages. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT n Begins with birth n Ends with death.
Life Stages
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Begins with birth Ends with death
LIFE STAGES
Person differ greatly Every person passes through certain
stages of growth and development
CLASSIFICATIONSSEVEN STAGES
Infancy - birth to 1 year Early childhood - 1 -6 years Late childhood - 6-12 years Adolescence - 12 -20 years Early adulthood - 20 - 40 years Middle adulthood - 40 - 65 years Late adulthood - 65 and up
TYPES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
4 TYPES
Physical: Body growth Mental: development of mind Emotional: feelings Social: interactions & relationship
CHARACTERISTICS OF STAGES
Tasks progress from simple to complex foundations for the next stage rate of accomplishment varies
INFANCY
Ages birth - 1 year of age
Physical Development Dramatic & Rapid changes tripled weight muscular & nervous system immature reflex actions muscle coordination develops teeth vision
Mental Development Rapid during first year respond to discomforts
pain, cold, or hunger by crying gradually become more aware of
surroundings recognize individuals
As infants respond to stimuli learning activities grow
speech
Social Development Progresses from the total self-centered concept
of the newborn to a gradual recognition of others in the environment
4 months recognize persons who care for them smile stare at others
6 months watch activities of others show signs of possessiveness shy or withdrawn from strangers
Social Development 12 months
shy with strangers socialize freely
with familiar people
mimic & imitate gestures
facial expressions vocal sounds
6 months watch activities show signs of
possessiveness
Social cont dependent on others for all needs
food, cleanliness & rest are essential for physical growth
Love & security essential for mental growth
EARLY CHILDHOOD
AGES 1- 6
Physical Development Slower than during infancy Skeletal and muscle development helps a
child look more like an adult legs & lower body tend to grow more rapidly
then the head, arms & chest muscle coordination
run, climb, and move freely finger muscles develop learns to write, draw &
use a fork & knife
Physical continued Age 2 - 3
most teeth have erupted digestive system is mature enough to
handle most adult food 2-4 years of age
learn bowel & bladder control
MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Advances rapidly during early childhood Verbal growth
age 6 1,500 -2,500
Mental 2 year olds
short attention span interested in many activities remember details begins understanding concepts
Mental 4 year old
ask frequent questions recognize letters and some words begin to make decisions based on logic
rather than trial & error
MENTAL CONT. 6 YR OLD
Very Verbal wants to learn how to read Memory has developed
make decisions based on both past and present experiences
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Ages 1 to 2
develops self awareness and the effect they have on others
limits are usually established for safety Anger, temper tantrums may occur if
desired performance not accomplished likes routine becomes stubborn, angry, or
frustrated when changes occur
Emotional Development Ages 4 - 6
gain more control over emotions know right or wrong more independent less anxiety when faced with new
experiences
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Self – Centered 1yr old Sociable 6 yr old
Later yrs Put self first Trust people
Needs Food, rest shelter, protection, love and
security Routine, order, consistency in daily life Taught to be responsible and must
learn how to conform to rules
LATE CHILDHOOD OR PREADOLESCENCE
6-12YRS
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Slow but steady Gain 5-7 pounds per year Ht increase 2-3 inches per year Muscle coordination well developed Physical activities that require complex
motor-sensory skills Loose teeth Visual acuity the best 10-12 sexual maturation may begin
MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Increases due to school Speech skills develop more
completely Reading & writing should be learned Information used to solve problems Memory becomes more complex Understands more abstract concepts
Loyalty, honesty, values,and morals
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Age 6
Frightened and uncertain as they begin school
Reassuring parents and success in school helps gain self-confidence
Fears replaced with coping abilities Learn to control emotions
Ages 10 –12 Sexual maturation and body
changes Restless and anxious Difficult to understand
SOCIAL CHANGES 7 years
Activities they can do by self Approval of others especially parents
and friends
Ages 8-10 Group oriented Forms groups with members of
own sex Ready to accept some opinions of
others Conforms to rules and standards of
behavior
Ages 10-12 Tend to make friends more easily Increasing awareness of opposite sex Gradually move away from parents
NEEDS Basic needs Reassurance parental approval peer acceptance
ADOLESCENCE
AGES 12 -20
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Growth spurts can cause rapid
increases in wt & ht awkwardness or clumsiness Puberty
development of the sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics
secretions of sex hormones
MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Increase knowledge and social
skills Learn to make decisions; accept
responsibility for actions Treated both like child and adult
Emotional Development Often stormy and in conflict Concerned about their appearance Respond more to peer groups May create a conflict with vales
previously established
Later Years of Adolescence Self-Identity has been established Feel more comfortable with who
they are Concerned about career
Social Development Move away from family Security in groups of people their
own age Develop a more mature attitude
and patterns of behavior
Needs Reassurance, support and
understanding Basic needs
Eating Disorders Often develops from an excessive
concern with appearance Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia
Chemical Abuse Development of a physical and /or
mental dependence on these chemicals. Trying to relieve anxiety or stres Peer pressure Escape from problems Experiementation
Suicide One of the leading causes of death
in adolescents Reasons
Depression Grief Failure in school Not meeting expectations Lack of self-esteem
Suicide warning signs Verbal statements such as “I’d
rather be dead,” or “you’d be better off without me”
Sudden changes in appetite and sleep habits
Withdrawal and moodiness Excessive fatigue or agitation Alcohol or drug abuse