Life Science Science Home

Review 2

Name___________

Day 1

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1. Whenever using a microscope slide, you should always:

A. check for cracks or chips in the glass.

B. make sure it is clean.

C. handle it with care.

D. all of these

2. Which of the following is a unit of volume?

A. centimeter

B. pound

C. cubic meter

D. gram

3. Which of the following should be put in a lab journal?

A. observations

B. conclusions

C. data

D. all of these

4. Emily sees the following tool in her science lab.

What is this tool used to measure?

A. an object's volume

B. an object's length

C. an object's density

D. an object's mass

Day 2

5. Tamora is heating a liquid to find the temperature at which the liquid boils.

Which piece of laboratory equipment should Tamora use to measure the temperature of the liquid once the boiling has begun?

A. balance

B. microscope

C. timer

D. thermometer

6.

Look at the microscope shown above. Which part of the microscope is identified by the letter Z?

A. light source

B. stage

C. eyepiece

D. objective lenses

7. Which of these instruments sends its measurements directly to a computer?

A. graduated cylinder

B. pH paper

C. temperature probe

D. stopwatch

8. Betty is studying vein patterns in leaves. Which of the following tools could help Betty examine the leaves' veins in greater detail?

A. a graphing calculator

B. a hygrometer

C. a hand lens

D. a compass

9. A test tube is used to

A. boil water on a hotplate.

B. hold liquids in a rack or stand

C. accurately measure an amount of liquid.

D. measure the pH of a liquid.

10. Which of the following would be the best tool for looking at cells in a scientific investigation?

A. a microscope

B. a pH meter

C. a telescope

D. a hand lens

Study Island

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Day 3

1. Aisha wonders whether wind or water causes the most erosion. She set up an experiment in which she used a watering can to pour water down a pile of dirt. She then used a fan to blow wind on a second pile of dirt that is the exact same shape and size as the first pile of dirt. Aisha then measured how the height of the dirt piles changed. She also drew pictures of how their shape changed. In this experiment, what was the dependent variable?

A. the tools used to measure the dirt piles

B. the time the dirt piles were eroded away

C. the agent of erosion applied to the dirt piles

D. the height and shape of the dirt piles

2. Maria wants to determine which type of disinfectant kills the most bacteria. Which of the following is the best way for Maria to determine this?

A. Interview ten different people to determine which type of disinfectant they prefer.

B. Ask ten different companies that make disinfectants which type is best.

C. Put the same amount and species of bacteria on ten identical plates, and add ten different kinds of disinfectant to each plate.

D. Put the same amount and species of bacteria on ten identical plates, and add a different disinfectant to each plate.

3. Factors that are changed in controlled scientific experiments are known as _______.

A. controls

B. variables

C. data

D. hypotheses

4. In which of the following experiments would the results be most reliable?

A. an experiment in which the trials were repeated many times

B. an experiment in which the trial was repeated a few times

C. an experiment which contained several variables

D. an experiment which contained no controls

Day 4

5. Eva is performing an experiment to determine which type of disinfectant kills the most bacteria. She has six plates of the same kind and amount of bacteria. She adds one of five different kinds of disinfectant to each plate and leaves one plate without any disinfectant as a control. What role does the independent variable play in this experiment?

A. The amount of bacteria killed determines the type of bacteria used.

B. The amount of bacteria killed determines the type of disinfectant used.

C. The type of disinfectant determines the amount of bacteria killed.

D. The type of disinfectant used determines the type of bacteria used.

6. A scientist wants to determine which fertilizer is more effective—Fertilizer X or Fertilizer Y. The best way for her to proceed would be to design an experiment with

A. two groups of plants—a group fertilized by Y and a control group with no fertilizer.

B. three groups of plants—a group fertilized by X, a group fertilized by Y, and a control group with no fertilizer.

C. three groups of plants—a group fertilized by X, a group fertilized by both X and Y, and a control group with no fertilizer.

D. two groups of plants—a group fertilized by X and a control group with no fertilizer.

7. Dan wants to test the effects of different amounts of antibiotics on bacteria. While setting up his experiment, he makes sure to use the same type of antibiotic, the same type of bacteria, and the same type of incubator for each trial. Which phrase below best describes this part of the experiment?

A. analyzing results

B. collecting data

C. setting up constants

D. forming a hypothesis

8. Denise wants to find out how the steepness of a hill's slope affects the amount of soil that erodes from it. She will use soil, a long pan, and several 4-inch-tall wooden blocks to build a model hillside. She will use a watering can to simulate rainfall. In her experiment, which factor should be Denise's variable?

A. the number of blocks holding up the end of the pan

B. the location she uses to test her model

C. the type of soil with which she fills the pan

D. the amount of water she pours on the model hillside

9. Jackie is designing an experiment for her school science fair. She decides to give different amounts of water to pepper plants and record their growth. She has enough seeds for four pots. She finds three pots that have holes for drainage and one that doesn't. She plants the seeds in the four pots, then gives each pot a different amount of water each day. Has Jackie designed a fair test?

A. No, Jackie should have used four identical pots.

B. No, Jackie should have given each plant the same amount of water.

C. Yes, but Jackie should have used more pepper plants.

D. Yes, there are no problems with Jackie's experiment.

10. Shawn is planning a scientific experiment. He wants to learn whether time of day has an effect on how far the roses in his mother's garden are open. He plans to measure the diameter of each flower on three rosebushes every hour during a week in the spring. What is the independent variable in Shawn's experiment?

A. the time of day

B. the number of flowers

C. the diameter of the flowers

D. the time of year

Study Island

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Day 5

1. All living organisms must be able to acquire and release energy in order to survive. Plants take in energy from the Sun and use that energy to make sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. Euglena, a type of protist, can also take in energy from the Sun and make sugar and oxygen.

Which of the following statements is true given the above information?

A. All organisms carry out their life functions in different ways.

B. Protists are not similar to plants in any way.

C. Only plants and euglena can use light energy from the Sun.

D. Different organisms can carry out their life functions in similar ways.

2. The walls of the human heart are made of a specialized form of muscle tissue known as cardiac tissue. This cardiac, or heart, tissue contracts the chambers of the heart to cause rhythmical beating and blood circulation. Tissues in the human body, such as cardiac tissue, are made up of

A. cells.

B. nerves.

C. organs.

D. blood.

3. Organ systems are composed of organs, organs are composed of tissues, and tissues are composed of cells. This pattern is organized into levels. Organization based on levels can be found in

A. single celled organisms.

B. both plants and animals.

C. plants, but not animals.

D. animals, but not plants.

4. Cells in organisms need food, air, and waste removal. How are these needs met?

A. Each cell must specialize in all of these functions.

B. Cells share their waste with other cells.

C. Cells get their food from the air and sunlight around them.

D. Organs and tissues perform these functions for the cells.

5. Which of the following processes enables an organism to acquire nutrients from its environment?

A. digestion

B. ingestion

C. exhalation

D. sensation

6. All living things use energy. This is why living things must eat to continue living. Which of the following demonstrates a way in which a living thing might use its energy?

A. to grow

B. to respond to stimuli

C. to move

D. all of these

Day 6

7. A scientist is comparing two cells. One cell, cell A, is from a unicellular organism, and the other cell, cell B, is from a multicellular organism. What functional differences will the scientist most likely see when comparing the two cells?

A. Cell A is very small and has only a few organelles, while cell B is very large and has many organelles.

B. Cell A is very large and has many organelles, while cell B is very small and has only a few organelles.

C. Cell A performs all of the organism's necessary functions, while cell B performs only one or a few functions.

D. Cell A performs only one or a few functions, while cell B performs all of the organism's necessary functions.

8. Cells are the basic unit of life. Thus, cells are responsible for maintaining a stable internal environment within living organisms. How do humans continue to maintain a stable internal environment if billions of cells die within their bodies each day?

A. The cells must be able to reproduce.

B. Humans need fewer cells as they get older.

C. New cells are eaten in the form of food.

D. Exposure to the Sun stimulates cell growth.

9. A system is a group of related parts with specific roles that work together to achieve an observed result. If a body system, such as the digestive system, fails to work properly, what would happen to the organism?

A. The defective system would regenerate into a new, working system.

B. The organism would immediately evolve so the defective system is no longer necessary.

C. The other organ systems would compensate for the defective system.

D. The organism would not be able to function properly.

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Day 7

1. Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces cells that are identical to the parent cell. Meiosis is a different type of cell division that produces cells that carry half the genetic material of the parent cell. Based on the information provided, how do the purposes of mitosis and meiosis differ?

A. Mitosis is only used by multicellular organisms, while meiosis is only used by single-celled organisms.

B. Mitosis creates cells used for reproduction, while meiosis produces cells used for growth and repair.

C. Mitosis is only used by single-celled organisms, while meiosis is only used by multicellular organisms.

D. Mitosis produces cells used for growth and repair, while meiosis produces cells used for reproduction.

2. When an animal cell goes through the process of mitosis, it divides into two smaller cells.

In order for the animal to continue growing, these two cells need to become as large as the original cell. How do the cells do this?

A. They expand by creating areas of empty space inside the cells.

B. They combine with other cells around them to produce larger cells.

C. They absorb substances from the matter that the animal eats and drinks.

D. They undergo mitosis again to increase the number of cells in the area.

3. The image below shows cells under the microscope. Two cells are circled and labeled as A and B.

Which statement correctly describes and compares the phases of cell A and cell B?

A. Cell A is starting mitosis. This phase occurs after that of cell B, which is in interphase.

B. Cell A is in interphase. This phase occurs before that of cell B, which is starting mitosis.

C. Cell A is at the end of mitosis. This phase occurs before that of cell B, which is in interphase.

D. Cell A is in interphase. This phase occurs after that of cell B, which is at the end of mitosis.

4. Which cellular process is shown in the diagram below?

A. mutation

B. fertilization

C. mitosis

D. specialization

Day 8

5. The main purpose of cell division is

A. to produce cellular energy.

B. to absorb nutrients.

C. to remove cellular waste.

D. to produce more cells.

6. Which cellular process most directly ensures the formation, growth, and repair of specialized tissues in multicellular organisms?

A. making energy in cells

B. storing of wastes in cells

C. exchange of gases in cells

D. division and growth of cells

7. After the first stages of development are complete, cells begin to divide in the same way that body cells divide throughout the rest of the organism's life. In this type of division, the cells

A. triple in size and then divide to form two new cells.

B. divide to form two different types of cells.

C. double in size and then divide to form two new cells.

D. divide without growing so the new cells are smaller than the original.

8. Mitosis is the process in which a cell divides into

A. two daughter cells that are identical to each other and to the parent cell.

B. four daughter cells that are identical to each other and to the parent cell.

C. two daughter cells that are identical to each other, but different than the parent cell.

D. four daughter cells that are identical to each other, but different than the parent cell.

9. Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs

I. to make more cells so organisms can grow.

II. so organisms can replace old or damaged cells.

III. when organisms make sex cells for reproduction.

IV. only during fetal stages of development.

A. I, II, and III only

B. I and II only

C. I and IV only

D. II, III, and IV only

10. In multicellular organisms, the process of cell division leads to _________.

A. a decrease in cell number

B. a destruction of all cells

C. an increase in cell number

D. the death of many cells

1. Which of the following could cause a species to become extinct?

A. failure to adapt to environmental change

B. loss of a major food source

C. introduction of a new predator to the area

D. all of these

2. Scientists can learn how species change over time by directly observing certain types of organisms. Which of the following types of organisms would a scientist most likely observe to gain an understanding of how populations can evolve?

A. turtles

B. trees

C. bacteria

D. elephants

Day 9

3.

The above bird has a beak that is adapted to eat

A. seeds.

B. nectar.

C. insects.

D. mice.

4. In a population of short, ground-dwelling animals, some offspring were produced that were approximately 1 cm taller than others in the population. This group was able to reach slightly higher vegetation than the rest of the population. When these animals grew up, they were able to produce more offspring than other animals in the population. This pattern, where the tallest animals were more likely to survive and reproduce, continued over several generations. Eventually, after many generations, all members of the population were at least 20 cm taller than animals of the original population had been. What does this illustrate?

A. Slight differences between parents and offspring can eventually result in future generations that are very different from their ancestors.

B. Ground-dwelling animals would survive better if they evolve to be shorter.

C. Biological change does not apply to ground-dwelling animals.

D. Only major differences between parents and offspring can result in future generations that are very different from their ancestors.

5. Which of the following is true about natural selection?

A. Natural selection usually causes a species to change suddenly.

B. Natural selection usually causes a species to change gradually.

C. Natural selection is the only cause of changes in a species.

D. Natural selection does not cause a species to change.

Day 10

8. DNA is formed by using instructions contained in a corresponding molecule named RNA. Any changes in the nitrogenous bases that form the RNA strand that are left uncorrected will also cause a change in the resulting DNA strand. The indicated base in the RNA sequence below has changed from a base named G to a base named C.

If this RNA strand is used to make a DNA strand, what process will have occurred?

A. combination

B. mutation

C. extinction

D. natural selection

9. What is an adaptation?

A. a structural, behavioral, or physiological trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and/or reproduce

B. the process through which organisms with advantageous structures or behaviors are naturally selected over organisms that do not possess these traits

C. a physical or behavioral characteristic that has stood the test of time and is still present after generations of other evolutionary changes

D. the process during which light energy from the Sun is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and food