Life Science: Collecting Data and the tools you’ll use

Data Collection

I. Two different techniques A. Quantitative

– Think NUMBERS.– Quantitative = Quantity– Things that can be measured.– Length, Height, Mass, Volume, Time,

Speed, Etc.– Assigned a Number value.

Example

•Tree in the woods•Quantitative Data

–15 m tall–230cm in diameter at trunk–312 cm circumference

Another Example

•Glass of Sea Water.

17°C437ml in volume43g in mass

B. Qualitative

–Think DESCRIPTION– Qualitative = Quality–Things that are seen but not measured.

–Texture, Color, Smell, Taste, Movement, Behavior, etc.

Example

•Tree Again•Qualitative

–Brown trunk, bark is rough and flaky.–Leaves are needle shaped

•Branches restricted to upper 3rd of trunk.•Stiff/Rigid, little sway in wind.

Example 2•Sea Water•Qualitative

–Cloudy–Low viscosity. (thickness)

•Strong Salt Odor.•Visible floating materials. – small and suspended.

Quantitative Data: Volume,

Length and MassAnd the tools that help you find them

What do we measure?•5 things we measure in grade 7?–Length–Volume–Mass–Density–Temperature

What do I measure?•What do we measure using:

millimeters?

Length

What do I measure?•What do we measure using:

grams?

Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size.

Mass

What do I measure?•What do we measure using:

milliliters?

Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size.

Volume

What do I measure?•What do we measure using:

Grams/milliter? g/mL

Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size.

Volume

What do I measure?•What do we measure using:

° C

Temperature

The Tools that Help•We use many tools to help

us measure mass, volume, temperature and length.

Measuring Tools

What do I measure?

1

What Am I?

Thermometer

Temperature2

Measuring ToolsWhat am I?

3 Triple-Beam Balance

What do I measure?4 Mass

Measuring Tools

Uses three beams for finding balance mass.

Middle slide

weight adds 100

grams with each notch.

Back slide adds 10

grams with each notch.

Front slide weight can

be as accurate as

.1 gram

Very, Very Bad

Do not disrespect the equipment

Marking the equipment in

any way is UNACCEPTAB

LE

Measuring ToolsWhat are we?5 Beakers

What do we measure?6 Volume

Beakers come in all sizes

Measuring ToolsBeakers have a spout for pouring.

Measuring ToolsWhat are we?7 Erlenmeyer Flasks

What do we measure?8 Volume

Erlenmeyer Flasks also come in all sizes They

have flat bottoms

Measuring Tools

No spout here. You can plug/cap these.

Great for Stirring!!

Measuring ToolsWhat am we?

18

Pipet

What do we measure?1

9Volume

Pipets draw liquid out of one canister in measured amounts, usually to deliver to another container.

Measuring ToolsWhat are we?

20

Graduated Cylinders

What do we measure?2

1Volume

Scale practice

What is this filled to.

23 36 ml

The Mighty MeniscusWater clings to glass on sides and “climbs” edge making a curved shape.

Read from the BOTTOM of the meniscus. Can

make a big difference!

Why?•Cohesion: The attraction of the molecules of an object to each other. Example – The way water forms a puddle.

•Adhesion: The attraction of one object to another. Example –The way drops of water “stick” to the side of an empty glass

Proper pouring technique is very important.

Notice the hand

“steadying the container”

Edges in Close

contact with each other.

We will be using a lot of equipment in this class… so let’s learn the proper names so that we don’t sound like fools!

Test Tube

Proper Use•Used to heat, mix, collect, store, etc. materials.

•Used for experimentation.

Forceps

Proper Use•For grasping small objects.

•Used mainly in dissection.

Test Tube Rack

Proper Use•To hold test tubes during an experiment or for drying.

Petri Dish

Proper Use•Used to culture (“grow”) microscopic specimens.

Light Microscope

Proper Use•To see microscopic specimens

Eye Tube

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Arm

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Arm

Stage

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Arm

Stage

Course Adjustment)

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Arm

Stage

Course Adjustment

Fine Adjustment

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Objective Lenses

(4, 10, 40)

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Light Source

Eye Piece

(10)

Arm

Stage

Course Adjustment

Fine Adjustment

Base

Total Magnification= Eye piece x Objective Lens