LIFE PROCESSES
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Transcript of LIFE PROCESSES
LIFE PROCESSES
NUTRITION
• How an organism obtains and processes food– The food is then used to make energy – Ingest-take food in– Digest-break down food– Egest-get rid of undigested material
• Autotrophic Nutrition– Organism makes its own food
• Ex. A plant, carrying out photosynthesis
• Heterotrophic Nutrition– Organism is a consumer and “eats” other organisms
• Ex. All animals, fungi, amoeba and paramecium
TRANSPORT
• Absorption (materials are taken in) and circulation (materials move around) of materials within an organism– Can be inside a cell or inside the body– Materials such as
• Oxygen• Water• Carbon Dioxide• Food
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• Chemical process by which an organism obtains ENERGY (ATP) from food
• Aerobic Respiration– Uses oxygen to release energy from food
• Anaerobic Respiration– Does NOT use oxygen to release energy from
food
SYNTHESIS
• Chemically combining simple substances to form a more complex substance.– Ex. Simple sugars bond to form complex
sugars.
REGULATION
• Control and coordination of activities in the body.– The Brain – The Nervous System and Endocrine Systems
help maintain
EXCRETION
• Getting rid of metabolic wastes – Ex. Carbon dioxide, excess salts and water
GROWTH & REPRODUCTION
• Growth– To increase in cell size or number of cells
• Reproduction– Making new organisms
• Asexually: 1 “parent”– Ex. Single celled organisms
• Sexually: 2 “parents”– Ex. Mammals, flowering plants
IMPORTANT NOTE: A single organism DOES NOT have to reproduce to survive!
METABOLISM
• All of the chemical reactions in an organism that help to maintain homeostasis.
ALL LIVING THINGS:
• Are made of cells• Evolve• Require ENERGY• Require water• Maintain homeostasis in a changing
environment• React and Respond to changes in the
environment• Get rid of metabolic wastes• Interact with the environment and with other
organisms