Life in Colonial America The colonies didn’t get along. They were jealous of each other. The...
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![Page 1: Life in Colonial America The colonies didn’t get along. They were jealous of each other. The colonies continued to grow due to economic success, religious.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cf45503460f949c289b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Life in Colonial AmericaLife in Colonial America
• The colonies didn’t get along.
• They were jealous of each other.
• The colonies continued to grow due to economic success, religious and political freedom
• This attracted a steady flow of new settlers
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Commercial New EnglandCommercial New England• Long winters and poor soil made large-
scale farming difficult.
• Subsistence farming – produced just enough to meet the needs of their families.
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New EnglandNew England
• Shipbuilding was an important New England industry
• lumber was transported from the forests by way of rivers
• New England was the center of the shipping trade
• It linked the colonies to other parts of the world.
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• Triangular Trade – routes linking New England colonies to England and the West Indies
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/maps/g5s_u3/index.html
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Growth of the Middle Colonies
Growth of the Middle Colonies• Due to fertile soil and milder climate, they
cultivated larger areas – produced bigger harvests
• Cash Crops – crops grown solely for profit
• This attracted non-English settlers – German, Dutch, Swedish…
• This brought about the development of cultural diversity and tolerance
• Other Jobs: carpentry, flour making, lumbering, mining, small-scale manufacturing
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Southern Colonies – Plantation Life
Southern Colonies – Plantation Life• The south was well suited for cash crops
• Tobacco, rice, and indigo were major crops
Plantations• Began using indentured servants – laborers
who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time to pay for their passage to America
• When it got too expensive, they turned to enslaving Africans
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Slave trade was important to the Southern Colonies
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• Inhumane shipping of slaves was known as the “Middle Passage”
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a. Tight Pack
putting as many slaves as possible on the boat
*more slaves started the trip, but moredied on the way
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b. Loose Pack
limiting the number on the boat to maximizesurvival
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Slave Ship InteriorSlave Ship Interior
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“Coffin” Position: Onboard a Slave Ship
“Coffin” Position: Onboard a Slave Ship
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Onboard the Slave ShipOnboard the Slave Ship
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Revolt Aboard a Slave ShipRevolt Aboard a Slave Ship
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African Captives Thrown Overboard
African Captives Thrown Overboard
Sharks followed the slave ships across the Atlantic!
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Slave Auction in the Southern U. S.
Slave Auction in the Southern U. S.
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Notice of a Slave AuctionNotice of a Slave Auction
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• The slaves suffered great cruelty
• Slave codes, laws to force slaves to cooperate, were encouraged
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Slave With Iron MuzzleSlave With Iron Muzzle
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30 Lashes30 Lashes
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Whipped Slave, early 19cWhipped Slave, early 19c
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Southern Colonies – Plantation Life
Southern Colonies – Plantation Life• Families were torn apart
• A few slaves were able to learn skills and lucky enough to buy their freedom
• Some northern colonists did not believe in slavery, which eventually led to the civil war
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New American CultureNew American Culture• Religion, education, and the arts
contributed to a new American culture
The Great Awakening•Religion became less fervid in the 18th century due to relaxed church doctrine.•Jonathan Edwards•George Whitefield
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EducationEducation• At first, children were taught at home
• New England– 1647 Massachusetts Puritans passed a law
stating that colonies must have a teacher paid through taxes
• Middle Colonies– schooling was not as universal but
widespread
• Southern Colonies– formal education limited to large landowners
and professionals (lawyers, doctors)
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EducationEducation• Schools were primitive
– few books, instruction only 2-3 months a year– most students didn’t make it beyond primary– most girls received little education– yet there was a high proportion of people who
could read and write
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EnlightenmentEnlightenment– began in Europe
– They believed that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society.
– The best known scientist of that time was Ben Franklin –
– He later helped guide the colonies to freedom in the 1770’s
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The PressThe Press• Books, newspapers, almanacs spread
knowledge
• Almanacs were popular – they included a calendar of important dates and holidays, sunrise/sunset times,
advice on farming,
poems, news of the year,
practical advice
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The PressThe Press• Books, newspapers, almanacs spread
knowledge
• Almanacs were popular – they included a calendar of important dates and holidays, sunrise/sunset times,
advice on farming,
poems, news of the year,
practical advice
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Charter ColoniesCharter Colonies• Charter Colonies:
• England granted a charter, a grant of rights and privileges
from England
to stockholders
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Proprietary ColoniesProprietary Colonies• Owned by an individual proprietor or a
small group of proprietors (landowner)
• England began to change colonies into royal colonies under their control– England appointed a governor and upper
council– Colonists selected lower council– Implemented tax laws and restrictions– Only white male landowners could vote– Helped prepare them for the future
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Proprietary ColoniesProprietary Colonies• Britain controlled the colonies trade through
the Navigation Acts– Colonies had to sell to Britain, even if they could
get a better price somewhere else– Colonist grew to resent Britain– Some began smuggling goods out of the
country