Chapter Twenty-Seven: Stars 27.1 The Sun 27.2 Stars 27.3 The Life Cycle of Stars.
Life Cycle of the Stars
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Transcript of Life Cycle of the Stars
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Life Cycle of the Stars
By Aiyana and Meredith
http://techcenter.davidson.k12.nc.us/spring026/images/OuterSpace.jpg
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Nebula• A nebula is made of gas and dust• The nebula is the birth place of a star• They get their light from nearby stars.
http://sunshine.chpc.uh.edu/labs/star_life/starlife_main.htmltahttp://www.windowsmoviemakers.net/PapaJohn/117/Blue-Screen_Outer_Space_Clips_files/image004.jpg
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Protostar“Fetus”
• The protostar is the first stage of a star’s life
• Formed when gravity clumps the hydrogen and helium of a nebula together
• In order to grow in life it needs to maintain equilibrium– Balance between gravity pulling atoms towards center
and gas pushing heat and light away form center
http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/starlife_proto.html
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Main Sequence“Adulthood”
• Phase in which stars live out the majority of their lives
• Stars last in main sequence for billions of years
• During entire life the star battles gravity, trying to crush it
http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0009/15supernova/supernova.jpg
http://www.presentationstation.com/Backgrounds/Miscellaneous_2/orange_spot.jpg
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Red Giant“Middle Age”
• During this short phase the star starts cooling and the fusion fuel starts going away
• Core shrinks but fusion keeps on going• When our sun reaches the phase of a red
giant its diameter will expand to the size of the orbit of Mars
http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/red_giant.html
http://www.awesomebackgrounds.com/templates/fire-on.JPG
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White Dwarf/Black Hole“Old Age”
• When a star runs out of fuel to burn, gravity collapses it in
• Low mass stars, who have electrons that prevent the collapse of the core, shrink to a white dwarf
• When crushed by gravity high mass stars totally leave space become a black hole
http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0005/22astronext10/000522blackhole.jpghttp://www.vgaplanets.com/v4doc/PLAN0020.gif
http://www.freestockfootage.com/Thumbs/t600-100-023.jpg
White Dwarf Black Hole
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Brown Dwarf• Star like objects in space that have masses
less than .08 times that of the sun• Unable to sustain hydrogen fusion• Brown dwarf is a protostar that didn’t have
enough dust and gas to achieve a temperature hot enough to ignite fusion
Arrow is pointing at a Brown Dwarf
http://www.universetoday.com/html/pictures/big2002-0109a.jpg
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Planetary Nebula“After Life”
• When a star explodes a large cloud of gas is expelled called a Planetary Nebula
• The first planetary nebula ever seen was the Dumbbell Nebula M27
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=planetry+nebula&page=1&adt=0&qsrc=2417&ab=0&title=Planetary Nebula&u=http%3A%2F%2Fschmidling.com%2Fplanebs.htm
• After explosion the core remains extremely hot which emits high energetic radiation• One of the largest planetary Nebulae is NGC246
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Helium fusion • Nuclear fusion with the nuclei being
involved with helium.• Powered by fusing the element
hydrogen into the element helium.• When stars exhaust their hydrogen
fuel and build up a lot of helium, they begin to fuse helium together to form carbon.
http://www.oufusion.org.uk/newsspring05/helium2carbon.jpg
http://www.awesomebackgrounds.com/ss-explosion.htm
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Hydrogen Fusion• Four hydrogen nuclei come together
to make a nucleus.• There are electrons, neutrinos, and
photons involved in making fusion of hydrogen into helium.
• This fusion cycle generates energy in our Sun.
http://www.physics.uiowa.edu/~umallik/adventure/spangle/spangle_files/image018.gif
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Neutron Star• Neutron stars are objects created in the
cores of massive stars.• The core of a star collapses and crushes
together every proton combined with electrons.
• Neutrons can stop the collapse and remain as neutron stars.
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Supernova• Most energetic explosion.• Occur at the end of a star’s life, when
nuclear fuel is exhausted and can no longer be supported by the nuclear energy.
• When the explosion occurs, the brightness can be as that of many millions of stars.
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=supernova+information&page=1&adt=0&qsrc=2417&ab=3&title=Supernovae&u=http%3A%2F%2Fimagine.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fdocs%2Fscience%2Fknow_l2%2Fsupernovae.html
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2004/rxj1242/rxj1242_still3.jpg