library Metadata
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Transcript of library Metadata
INTRODUCTION OF LIBRARY METADATA
BY DHEERAJ SINGH NEGI
METADATA The term "meta" comes from a Greek word
that denotes something of a higher or more fundamental nature. Metadata, then, is data about other data.
The term refers to any data used to aid the identification, description and location of networked electronic resources
DEFINING METADATA
Does data about data mean anything?
Librarians equate it with a complete bibliographic record
Information technologists equate it to database schema or definitions of the data elements
Archivists include context information, restrictions and access terms, index terms, etc.
WHY METADATA? Hardware and software come and go—sometimes
becoming obsolete with alarming rapidity—but high-quality, standards-based, system-independent metadata can be used, reused, migrated, and disseminated in any number of ways, even in ways that we cannot anticipate at this moment.
Digitization does not equal access. The mere act of creating digital copies of collection materials does not make those materials findable, understandable, or utilizable to our ever-expanding audience of online users. But digitization combined with the creation of carefully crafted metadata can significantly enhance end-user access; and our users are the primary reason that we create digital resources.”
BIBLIOGRAPHIC METADATA
Providing a description of the information package along with other information necessary for management and preservation
Encoding Providing access to this description
ENCODING
Surrogate records are encoded by assigning tags, letter, or words
Why encode? For display Provide access Integration of surrogate Management
DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES ….DIFFERENT METADATA
Developers of the Interoperabilty of Data in E-Commerce Systems (indecs) ideintified metadata for protecting intellectual property rights of creators and publishers.
The Research Library Group’s Working Group on Preservation Issues of Metadata identified metadata for “digital master files that have preservation-based intent”.
METADATA TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGISTS
The data that defines the data elements in a table
Data that controls or explains other data Something that is not part of the bit stream
of a record but needed to understand the data in the record
One systems metadata is another systems data
SOURCE OF METADATA
Automatically generated Supplied by creator of electronic resource Supplied by 3rd party
DUBLIN CORE
Metadata to improve information retrieval of internet resources
Developed predominantly by the bibliographic community. Elements similar to bibliographic surrogate
CHARACTERISTICS OF DUBLIN CORE
Simplicity Semantic Interoperability International Consensus Extensibility Metadata Modularity on the Web
DUBLIN CORE ELEMENTS
Content Coverage Description Type Relation Source Subject Title
Intellectual Property
Contributor Creator Publisher Rights
DUBLIN CORE ELEMENT
Instantiation Date Format Identifier Language
METADATA AND XML
Provides a means of encoding and exchanging metadata
EAD, TEI, VERS
XML EXAMPLE
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <!DOCTYPE FAQ SYSTEM "FAQ.DTD"> <FAQ>
<INFO> <SUBJECT> XML </SUBJECT> <AUTHOR> Lars Marius Garshol</AUTHOR> <EMAIL> [email protected] </EMAIL>
<VERSION> 1.0 </VERSION> <DATE> 20.jun.97 </DATE> </INFO> <PART NO="1"> <Q NO="1">
<QTEXT>What is XML?</QTEXT> <A>SGML light.</A> </Q> ...</PART> </FAQ>
ELECTRONIC RECORDS METADATA PROJECT
Functional Requirements for Evidence in Recordkeeping
The SPIRT Metadata Project VERS GILS - and the AGLS OAIS InterPares
SPIRT METADATA SCHEME
OPEN ARCHIVAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Figure 4‑12: Information Object Taxonomy
Information Object
Content Information
Packaging Information
Preservation Description Information
Descriptive Information
. . .
PRESERVATION DESCRIPTION
Preservation Description Information
Reference Information
Provenance Information
Context Information
Fixity Information
TABLE 4‑1: EXAMPLES OF PDI TYPES
ContentInformation
Type
Reference Provenance Context Fixity
Space Science Data
Object identifierJournal reference Mission, instrument, title, attribute set
Instrument description Processing history Sensor description Instrument Instrument mode Decommutation map Software interface specification
Calibration history Related data sets Mission Funding history
CRC Checksum Reed-Solomon coding
Digital Library
Collections
Bibliographic description Persistent identifier
For scanned collections: metadata about the digitisation process pointer to master version For born-digital publications: pointer to the digital original Metadata about the preservation process: pointers to earlier versions of the collection item change history
Pointers to related documents in original environment at the time of publication
Digital signature Checksum Authenticity indicator
SoftwarePackage
Name Author/Originator Version number Serial number
Revision history License holder Registration Copyright
Help file User guide Related software Language
Certificate Checksum Encryption CRC
records
datafiles
currenttechnical context
provenanceoriginal technicalcontext
form andstructure
activities
Strategy,methods
requirements,rules
simplified datamodel
INTERPARES PRESERVATION MODEL
METADATA FORMATS
Extensible Markup Language (XML) Allows for combining and interoperability XML flexibility
Any other conceivable format MS Word? PDF? Post-it notes?
Excel, FileMaker Pro, Access DB, CSV
DEVELOPING METADATA SCHEMES
Identify the purpose of the metadata model Level of specificity of the elements Identify resources Infrastructure - who will supply it? What type of information package is it? Who will use the metadata? Existing metadata models