1. libGDX: Simple Anima0on Jussi Pohjolainen Tampere University of Applied Sciences

2. FRAMERATE INDEPENDENCE

3. Framerate Indepence Games run at same speed no ma6er the framerate In slow computers; 30 fps, fast computers 60 fps No need to go over 60 fps.. Example Fast computer, 60 fps, move object 1 px at a =me Slow computer, 30 fps, move object 2 px at a =me => constant speed no maNer the framerate! The key to framerate indepence is delta-'me Time in seconds since the last 0ck (last render() call) 100 fps => 1/100 => 0.01 dt

4. Moving Object At 30 fps vs 60 fps this object will move at different speeds int speedX = 1; batch.draw(texture, x += speedX, 0); This will move the object at constant speed regardless of fps int speedX = 60; batch.draw(texture, x += speedX * deltaTime, 0); If fps 60, deltaTime 60/1 = 0.0166 secs x += 60 * 0.016666, x += 1 If fps 30, deltaTime 30/1 = 0.0333 secs x += 60 * 0.033333, x += 2

5. libGDX, delta and fps Querying FPS Gdx.graphics.getFramesPerSecond() Querying Delta Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime()

6. Anima0on Use Anima0on class Animation walkAnimation = new Animation(frameDuration, frames); Frame dura0on? 1 / 60 fps Frames? TextureRegion array TextureRegion? Part of texture

7. TextureRegion

8. Split .png into TextureRegions walkSheet = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal(image.png")); TextureRegion[][] tmp = TextureRegion.split( walkSheet, walkSheet.getWidth() / FRAME_COLS, walkSheet.getHeight() / FRAME_ROWS );

9. 2D array -> 1D private TextureRegion[] transformTo1D(TextureRegion[][] tmp) { TextureRegion [] walkFrames = new TextureRegion[FRAME_COLS * FRAME_ROWS]; int index = 0; for (int i = 0; i < FRAME_ROWS; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < FRAME_COLS; j++) { walkFrames[index++] = tmp[i][j]; } } return walkFrames; }

10. Rendering public void render() { // stateTime was initialized to 0.0f stateTime += Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); // stateTime is used to calculate the next frame // frameDuration! currentFrame = walkAnimation.getKeyFrame(stateTime, true); spriteBatch.begin(); spriteBatch.draw(currentFrame, 150, 150); spriteBatch.end(); }

11. TIPS

12. Extend Sprites For each Sprite in screen, create own class class Monster extends Sprite Add Monster aNributes like speedX, speedY, sounds, If using anima0on (previous slides) you could create animate() method which is called from the game on every frame When crea0ng the Sprite, remember to call also setRegion to set the ini0al region for the sprite